 The public utilities for Santiago and Valparaíso, EMOS (Empresa Metropolitana de Obras Sanitarias) and ESVAL (Empresa Sanitaria de Valparaiso), were strengthened through loans from the World Bank during that period.In parallel, the government of General Augusto Pinochet privatized the electricity and telecommunications sector.Water coverage during this period increased substantially from 78% in 1976 to 98% in 1988.