 The Tenth Amendment reinforces the principles of separation of powers and federalism by providing that powers not granted to the federal government by the Constitution, nor prohibited to the states, are reserved to the states or the people.The amendment provides no new powers or rights to the states, but rather preserves their authority in all matters not specifically granted to the federal government.Congress has sometimes circumvented the Tenth Amendment by invoking the Commerce Clause in Article One or by threatening to withhold funding for a federal program from noncooperative States, as in "South Dakota v. Dole" (1987).