 In 1795, following the Partitions of Poland, Działoszyce was first annexed by Austria, and in 1807 it passed on to the Duchy of Warsaw (since 1815 - Russian-controlled Congress Poland).At that time, the number of Jewish settlers increased in the town, and by 1820, it had 1692 inhabitants, 74% of whom were Jews.In the Second Polish Republic, Działoszyce belonged to Kielce Voivodeship, and in the 1920s and 1930s, the number of inhabitants decreased from 6755 (in 1920), to 5872 (1939).