 Sayram was slowly rebuilt, likely with the support of the merchants of Central Asia and the leadership of the Kazakhs.This knowledge comes from the fact that the city appears again as a target of Zunghar aggression forty years later.In 1723, the year of the Barefooted Flight of the Kazakhs, Sayram, Turkistān, and Tashkent passed under the control of the Qalmaqs and remained within their control until their destruction by the Chinese in 1758.