 The ineffectiveness of the National Building Trades Council and pressure on member unions from the AFL led Frank Duffy, president of the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America, to form the Structural Building Trades Alliance (SBTA) in 1903.With most of its members participating in the SBTA, NBTC struggled to remain relevant.It became moribund in 1907, and disbanded in 1921.