 Randomization is a core principle in statistical theory, whose importance was emphasized by Charles S. Peirce in "Illustrations of the Logic of Science" (1877–1878) and "A Theory of Probable Inference" (1883).Randomization-based inference is especially important in experimental design and in survey sampling.The first use of "randomization" listed in the "Oxford English Dictionary" is its use by Ronald Fisher in 1926.