 In antiquity, the ruins that cover the plateau of the hill of "Sheikh Madkour" and which extend in the valley were probably one and the same city, divided into two parts, the upper part and the lower part.According to Conder, an ancient road, leading from Beit Sur to Ashdod, once passed through "ʿAīd el Mâ" (Adullam).French orientalist and archaeologist, Charles Clermont-Ganneau, visited the site in 1874 and wrote