 Before the battle, China had been routed by Japan and withdrawn its military forces and civilians from the very north southwards, as well as had its capital city Nanjing falling into the hands of Japanese.China would not have afforded the loss again, it must win at any cost and that led to the heavy loss of lives in this battle of both sides.After the victory, the Chinese government set up memorial stones at the very site to mark the great honors of the bravery of both armed forces and the local civilians who had offered help during the fighting.