 Again this method was criticised for lacking some practical application and in 2004 Orna revised the methodology once more to try to rectify this problem 

In 1998, similarly to Orna's earlier publication, Buchanan and Gibb took a top-down approach, drawing techniques from established management disciplines to provide a framework and a level of familiarity for information professionals.This set of techniques was a notable contribution to IA methodologies and understood the need to be flexible for each organisation.Theirs was a 5-stage process