 In this context, Ibrăileanu emphasized the gestures of boyars before and during the "Organic Regulation" government, as indicative of a skeptical nationalist mood (rather than of a cosmopolitan ideology).With "Învăţământul filosofic în România" ("Philosophical education in Romania"), his 1931 essay first published in "Convorbiri Literare", Rădulescu-Motru introduced a polemic that was to mark numerous other writings of his during the following period