 Dioscorides was among those who distinguished between "male" and "female" mandrakes, a distinction used in 1764 when Garsault published the names "Mandragora mas" and "Mandragora foemina".Flowering time was also used to distinguish species; thus in the 1820s, Antonio Bertoloni named two species as "Mandragora vernalis", the spring-flowering mandrake, and "Mandragora autumnalis", the autumn-flowering mandrake.Since the late 1990s, three main circumscriptions of "Mandragora officinarum" have been used and all three will be found in current sources.