 The Philippine Executive Commission (PEC) was established on January 3, 1942 with Jorge B. Vargas as its first Chairman.It largely mirrored the Civilian Emergency Administration earlier appointed by President Manuel Quezon to administer the open city status of Manila and composed by the same officers that comprised the latter PEC.The PEC was created as the provisional caretaker government of the City of Greater Manila and eventually of the whole Philippines during the Japanese occupation of the country during World War II.