 In 66 CE, the Jews of Judea rose in revolt against Rome, naming their new kingdom "Israel" (see also First Jewish Revolt coinage).The events were described by the Jewish historian Josephus, including the desperate defence of Jotapata, the siege of Jerusalem (69–70 CE), the heroic last stand at Gamla, where 9,000 died, and Massada (72–73 CE) where the Jewish defenders killed themselves rather than fall into the hand of their Roman enemy.The revolt was crushed by the Roman emperors Vespasian and Titus.