 The second, more recent approach pioneered in France during the last decade (early 2000s) involves monthly intravenous infusions of immunoglobulins (IVIG), with an initial dose of 2 gr/kg/month of body weight, which has proven very successful as per abundant case-report evidence from around the world.IVIG has long been used for the treatment of autoimmune and MGUS-associated syndromes, because of its potential immunomodulatory and anticytokine properties.The precise mechanism of action of IVIG in patients with SCLS is unknown, but it is likely that it neutralizes their proinflammatory cytokines that provoke endothelial dysfunction.