 In 1942, the Dutch Colonial Government was defeated by the Japanese Imperial Army and Indonesia came under the occupation of the Japanese Empire.By 1943, with the tide of the war beginning to turn against them, the Japanese established the Defenders of the Motherland Army (PETA).PETA was an auxiliary force which contained of Indonesians and was designed to bolster the number of troops for the Japanese and assist them in fighting the United States should they decide to invade Java.