 Some authors trace the origin of this field in nineteenth-century Germany, particularly with "Leopold von Ranke", one of the proponents of the concept of "Wissenschaft", which means "critical history" or "scientific history", which viewed historiography as a rigorous, critical inquiry.For instance, in the application of "Wissenschaft" to the study of Judaism, it is maintained that there is an implied criticism of the stand of those advocating Orthodoxy.It is said to reveal the tendency of nationalist historians to favor the pious affirmation of the orthodox in attempts to restore pride in Jewish history.