 Therefore, there are sometimes "Ingénieurs des Ventes" (Sales Engineers), "Ingénieur Marketing", "Ingénieur Bancaire" (Banking Engineer), "Ingénieur Recherche & Développement" (R&D Engineer), etc.In Germany, the term "Ingenieur" (engineer) is legally protected and may only be used by graduates of a university degree program in engineering.Such degrees are offered by universities ("Universitäten"), including "Technische Universitäten" (universities of technology), or "Fachhochschulen" (universities of applied sciences), including "Technische Hochschulen".