 The PKK has also attacked Turkish diplomatic and commercial facilities across Western Europe in the late 1980s.In effect, the Turkish state has led a series of counter-insurgency operations against the PKK, accompanied by political measures, starting with an explicit denunciation of separatism in the 1982 Constitution, and including proclamation of the state of emergency in various PKK-controlled territories starting in 1983 (when the military relinquished political control to the civilians).This series of administrative reforms against terrorism included in 1985 the creation of village guard system by the then prime minister Turgut Özal.