 The brown pelican has a similarly extensive range of parasites.The nematodes "Contracaecum multipapillatum" and "C. mexicanum" and the trematode "Ribeiroia ondatrae" have caused illness and mortality in the Puerto Rican population, possibly endangering the pelican on this island.In May 2012, hundreds of Peruvian pelicans were reported to have perished in Peru from a combination of starvation and roundworm infestation.