 Muhammad Khan Kalhora belonged to the most affluent tribe in the region namely the Kalhora کلہوڑا.In 997 CE, Sultan Mahmud Ghaznavi, took over the Ghaznavid dynasty empire established by his father, Sultan Sebuktegin, In 1005 he conquered the Shahis in Kabul in 1005, and followed it by the conquests of Sinds.The Delhi Sultanate and later Mughal Empire ruled the region.