 She was the eldest daughter of the landless Prince Palatine Edward and his French-Italian wife, Anna Gonzaga.She was probably named after her mother's sister, Ludwika Maria Gonzaga, Queen of Poland (in German, "Louise Marie").Her younger sisters were Anne Henriette, wife of Henri Jules, Prince de Condé and Benedicta Henrietta, wife of John Frederick, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg.