 This phase transition is therefore called Bose-Einstein condensation in complex networks.Consequently addressing the dynamical properties of these nonequilibrium systems within the framework of equilibrium quantum gases predicts that the “first-mover-advantage,” “fit-get-rich (FGR),” and “winner-takes-all” phenomena observed in a competitive systems are thermodynamically distinct phases of the underlying evolving networks.Starting from the Bianconi-Barabási model, the mapping of a Bose gas to a network can be done by assigning an energy to each node, determined by its fitness through the relation

where .