 The ravens who were the messengers of the highest god, Huginn and Muninn, increasingly had hellish connotations, and as early as in the Christian "Sólarljóð", stanza 67, the ravens of Hel(l) ("heljar hrafnar") who tear the eyes off backtalkers are mentioned.Two curses in the "Poetic Edda" say "may ravens tear your heart asunder" (').and "the ravens shall tear out your eyes in the high gallows" (').