 The Corporation Act of 1661 gave power to royal commissioners to settle the composition of the town councils, and to remove all who refused the sacraments of the Church of England or were suspected of disaffection, even though they offered to take the necessary oaths.Even so, the difficulty of securing submissive juries was again so great in 1682 that a general attack on the borough franchises was begun by the crown.A London jury having returned a verdict hostile to the crown and taxation, after various attempts to bend the city to his will, Charles II issued a "quo warranto" against the mayor and commonalty to charge the citizens with illegal encroachments beyond their chartered rights.