 According to scholar John Lindow, the reaction of cosmological elements (the earth is cracking, the sky burning) during Thor's journey to the battle, as told in "Haustlöng", "suggests the cosmic nature of Thor’s duel with Hrungnir".The motivation for the duel, which is not mentioned by 10th-century skald Þjóðólfr in "Haustlöng", coud have originally been the abduction of Thor's daughter Þrúðr by the stone-made giant Hrungnir, as suggested by an earlier kenning by 9th-century skald Bragi