 Of this total, about 100,000 were based in the city of Peshawar, while more than 2 million were located in other parts of the northwestern province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (then known as the North-West Frontier Province).At the same time, close to two million Afghans were living in Iran.Over the years Pakistan and Iran have imposed tighter controls on refugees which have resulted in numerous returnees.