 There may have been only 197 rose varieties in existence in 1814, according to calculations by Jules Gravereaux of Roseraie de l’Haye.There were 12 species, about 40 centifolias, mosses and damasks, 20 Bengals, and about 100 gallicas.The botanist Claude Antoine Thory, who wrote the descriptions for Redouté's paintings in "Les Roses", noted that Josephine's Bengal rose R. indica had black spots on it.