 The disrespect for the promises caused widespread indignation among Italian nationalists, while poet and adventurer Gabriele D'Annunzio led an expedition to occupy ethnic Italian Fiume, assigned to Yugoslavia.At the same time, the so-called "Biennio Rosso" (red biennium) took place in the two years following the first world war in a context of economic crisis, high unemployment and political instability.The 1919–20 period was characterized by mass strikes, worker manifestations as well as self-management experiments through land and factories occupations.