 This proto-oncogene is a Kirsten ras oncogene homolog from the mammalian ras gene family.A single amino acid substitution, and in particular a single nucleotide substitution, is responsible for an activating mutation.The transforming protein that results is implicated in various malignancies, including lung adenocarcinoma, mucinous adenoma, ductal carcinoma of the pancreas and colorectal cancer.