 Under the growing pressure of a number of devastating suicide attacks by Amal and even more so its emerging split-off Hezbollah, the Israeli forces withdrew from Tyre by the end of April 1985 and instead established a self-declared "Security Zone" in Southern Lebanon with its collaborating militia allies of the South Lebanon Army (SLA).Tyre was left outside the SLA control though and taken over by Amal under the leadership of Nabih Berri.