 Post-dispersal seed predation is extremely common in virtually all ecosystems.Given the heterogeneity in both resource type (seeds from different species), quality (seeds of different ages and/or different status of integrity or decomposition) and location (seeds are scattered and hidden in the environment), most post-dispersal predators have generalist habits.These predators belong to a diverse array of animals, such as ants, beetles, crabs, fish, rodents and birds.