 They were the Progressive era "new women" of Hull House and the Children's Bureau, the American Association for Labor Legislation leaders of the movement in 1919 for national health insurance, the nurses who worked with Lillian Wald to advocate for indigent health care through Visiting Nurse Services (1893), or with the Maternity Center Association (1918) to advocate for maternal and infant care for poor immigrants.They obtained their professional education in other disciplines and then applied it to health.Health advocacy also has 20th century roots in community organizing around health hazards in the environment and in the workplace.