 The relative depolarization (decrease in membrane hyperpolarization), in turn, opens voltage-dependent calcium channels increasing intracellular calcium concentrations, which triggers exocytosis of insulin.Under cerebral ischemic conditions, SUR1, the regulatory subunit of the KATP and the NCCa-ATP channels, is expressed in neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, endothelial cells and by reactive microglia.Blockade of SUR1 receptors with glibenclamide has been involved in improved outcome in animal stroke models and investigational human studies by preventing brain swelling and enhancing neuroprotection.