 Androstenedione is produced in the testis, as well as the adrenal cortex.Androstenedione is created from dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) or 17-hydroxyprogesterone.A deficiency in the HSD17B3 gene is characterized biochemically by decreased levels of testosterone and increased levels of androstenedione as a result of the defect in conversion of androstenedione into testosterone.