 The carbon cathode is usually made of a high-surface-area carbon material with a nanostructured metal oxide catalyst (commonly or ).A major advantage is the spontaneous formation of a barrier between anode and electrolyte (analogous to the barrier formed between electrolyte and carbon–lithium anodes in conventional Li-ion batteries) that protects the lithium metal from further reaction with the electrolyte.Although rechargeable, the produced at the cathode is generally insoluble in the organic electrolyte, leading to buildup along the cathode/electrolyte interface.