 At the same time, their computations are context-based because preferences are derived from norms that inform how the actors see themselves (their “identity”).Contextually rooted appropriateness, not technical efficiency, underpins the cost-benefit calculations performed in the learning process.Norms do more than constrain behaviors expected by rational actor models, or subvert otherwise robotic decision-making processes; norms are the bedrock for identity, and as such, preferences that inform rationality.