 The French writer André Breton learned of these masks and showed them to the French painter Jean Dubuffet, who bought nine of them.Dubuffet went on to become the first theoretician of the new art form (what we now call outsider art), which he called "art brut".According to him, this was art produced by people who were not professionals, who operated outside the conventional aesthetic norms, and who did not belong to an artistic milieu.