 While the Bundists proclaimed the superiority of the Yiddish language, the Zionists promoted Hebrew as a lingua franca for Jews of varying geographic origins.The Zionist movement in Russia was officially started with the Hibbat Zion movement in 1881–1883, in response to the growing pogroms against Jews.While the Bundists saw the home for Russian Jewry in Russia, the Zionists aimed to establish a Jewish state free of rule by foreigners.