 This proved especially problematic, as Richmond's long-time mayor, Joseph C. Mayo used vagrancy laws against black persons, and the vast majority of those fed by soup kitchens were African Americans.Thus, Turner ordered his men not to follow Mayo's orders until Governor Francis Pierpont replaced him with city council president David J. Saunders, who was also appointed head of the city-run gasworks and waterworks.Turner continued as major general in the U.S. Army until 1871, and commanding the purchasing depot and commissary in St. Louis, Missouri (from October 31, 1866-February 1871), resigning from the regular army on September 4, 1871.