 He received a bachelor of science degree in military science from the University of Maryland in 1954, and a master's degree in international affairs from The George Washington University in 1967.He entered the Enlisted Reserve in August 1942 and was called to active duty in February 1943.Through the Army Air Corps aviation cadet program, he received his pilot wings and commission as a second lieutenant at Eagle Pass Army Air Field, Texas, in December 1943.