 Coal mining, both underground and surface, became the prominent industry through most of the twentieth century.More recently the development of the Marcellus Shale in the surrounding area has made Cadiz a center for natural gas production.The MarkWest Complex, opened in 2012, processes more than 180 million cubic feet of natural gas per day for shipment via pipeline to Mont Belvieu, Texas.,

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of , of which is land and is water.