 Significant pogroms in the Russian Empire included the Odessa pogroms, Warsaw pogrom (1881), Kishinev pogrom (1903), Kiev Pogrom (1905), and Białystok pogrom (1906).After the collapse of the Russian Empire in 1917, several pogroms took place amid the power struggles in Eastern Europe, including the Lwów pogrom (1918) and Kiev Pogroms (1919).The most significant pogrom in Nazi Germany was the Kristallnacht of 1938 in which at least 91 Jews were killed, a further thirty thousand arrested and subsequently incarcerated in concentration camps, a thousand synagogues burned, and over seven thousand Jewish businesses destroyed or damaged.