 After a much publicized trial in 1985, Zündel was found guilty.One of the prosecution witnesses, Auschwitz survivor Arnold Friedman, a Holocaust educator in Toronto, testified that "prisoners marched off to the ovens never returned" to which Zundel's lawyer, Doug Christie, replied "if those who disappeared might not have been led out a nearby gate".His conviction was later overturned in an appeal on a legal technicality, leading to a second trial in 1988, in which he was again convicted.