 According to Buddhaghosa, in his influential standard-work Visuddhimagga, "samadhi" is the "proximate cause" to the obtainment of wisdom.The Visuddhimagga describes 40 different objects for meditation, which are mentioned throughout the Pali canon, but explicitly enumerated in the Visuddhimagga, such as mindfulness of breathing ("anapanasati") and loving kindness ("metta").Several western teachers (Thanissaro Bhikkhu, Leigh Brazington, Richard Shankman) make a distinction between 'sutta-oriented' "jhana' and "'Visuddhimagga"-oriented' "jhana.