 For instance, a similar demographic situation emerged in Lviv where the population was dominated by Poles and Jews.However, during the Second World War, the Jewish population of Ukraine was virtually eliminated by the Holocaust instigated by the Nazi Germany, as well as due to Jews fleeing the German invasion, mostly eastward towards Russia.Although many Jews returned to Ukraine after the war and some moved there from other Republics (due to educational and career opportunities in Ukraine), ethnic Jews never regained their proportion of the pre-War population in Ukraine.