 The colony's first directors, Heuveldorp and G. Kruger, were of European or mixed descent.They were followed by ethnic Chinese soon after, when Nelson Wong made his debut in 1928 with "Lily van Java"; other Chinese directors included Lie Tek Swie (1929), Wong's brothers Joshua and Othniel (1930), and The Teng Chun (1931).Ethnic Chinese directors dominated the colony's cinema for the remainder of its existence.