 This combination makes nanophase compositions and composites or coatings (to increase electronic conductivity of the whole matrix) with materials such as carbon advantageous.Alternatives to nanoparticles include mesoscale structure such as nanoball batteries of the olivine LiFePO4 that can have rate capabilities two orders of magnitude higher than randomly ordered materials.The rapid charging is related to the nanoballs high surface area where electrons are transmitted to the surface of the cathode at a higher rate.