 As explained by the legal expert Rudolf Summer, the basic official title of "Rat" ("councillor") has to be specified by the obligatory supplement of "Studien" (education, studies) to convey the relation to schooling and education.This is meant to avoid the general title of "councillor".With respect to the title of director the supplement is expected to avoid confusion because "Director" like the English "director" is used for a variety of leading positions in different fields.