 Three years earlier, in "INS v. Stevic", , the Court held that the clear probability standard applies in proceedings seeking withholding of deportation (now officially referred to as 'withholding of removal' or 'restriction on removal'), because in such cases the Attorney General must allow the applicant to remain in the United States.With respect to asylum, because Congress employed different language in the asylum statute and incorporated the refugee definition from the international Convention relating to the Status of Refugees, the Court in "Cardoza-Fonseca" reasoned that the standard for showing a well-founded fear of persecution must necessarily be lower.An applicant initially presents his claim to an asylum officer, who may either grant asylum or refer the application to an Immigration Judge.