 Quillwork was much more prevalent before the late 18th and early 19th century, after which beadwork - made with beads obtained from Europeans - became more common.The Sioux Quilled Pipe Bag at left is decorated with quillwork forming flora and fauna, buffalo and caterpillars.The "cocoon" design symbolizes spiritual and physical transformation, and the Sioux spirit Yumni, the whirlwind, responsible for the four directions of the world.