 Note that in the definition above, formula_7 can be vector valued, in which case each element of formula_8 has a scalar valued integrodifference equation associated with it.Integrodifference equations are widely used in mathematical biology, especially theoretical ecology, to model the dispersal and growth of populations.In this case, formula_9 is the population size or density at location formula_10 at time formula_11, formula_12 describes the local population growth at location formula_10 and formula_14, is the probability of moving from point formula_15 to point formula_10, often referred to as the dispersal kernel.