 Southampton City Council has developed twinning links with Le Havre in France (since 1973), Rems-Murr-Kreis in Germany (since 1991), Trieste in Italy (since 2002), Hampton, Virginia, in the USA, Qingdao in China (since 1998), Busan in South Korea (since 1978), and Miami, Florida, also in the USA (since 14 June 2019).The geography of Southampton is influenced by the sea and rivers.The city lies at the northern tip of the Southampton Water, a deep water estuary, which is a ria formed at the end of the last Ice Age.