 Furthermore, the "Chingunyeong" ("Capital Guards Command"), a new Korean military formation, was created and trained along Chinese lines by Yuan Shikai.In October, the two countries signed a treaty stipulating that Korea was a dependency of China and granted Chinese merchants the right to conduct overland and maritime business freely within its borders.It also gave the Chinese substantial advantages over the Japanese and Westerners and also granted them unilateral extraterritoriality privileges in civil and criminal cases.