 After consolidating his power, Ivan got rid of the advisers from the "Chosen Council" and triggered the Livonian War, which ravaged Russia and resulted in the loss of Livonia and Ingria, but allowed him to establish greater autocratic control over Russia's nobility, whom he violently purged in the "Oprichnina".The later years of Ivan's reign were also marked by the Massacre of Novgorod and the burning of Moscow by Tatars.Ivan was a patron of trade, giving a monopoly to the Muscovy Company, and the founder of Russia's first publishing house, the Moscow Print Yard.