 Established under the Government of Wales Act 1998, Senedd Cymru – the Welsh Parliament and formerly known as the National Assembly for Wales—is responsible for a range of .At the dawn of the Industrial Revolution, development of the mining and metallurgical industries transformed the country from an agricultural society into an industrial nation; the South Wales Coalfield's exploitation caused a rapid expansion of Wales' population.Two-thirds of the population live in South Wales, including Cardiff, Swansea, Newport and the nearby valleys.