 The first fibrinogen/fibrin based product capable of stopping arterial hemorrhage was the "Fibrin Sealant Bandage" or "Hemostatic Dressing (HD)" invented by Martin MacPhee at the American Red Cross in the early 1990s, and tested in collaboration with the U.S. Army.The Gerlough method, developed in 1955 improved process economics by reducing the consumption of ethanol.Instead of 40% in certain steps, Gerlough used 20% ethanol for precipitation.