 Following birth, kisspeptin-54 levels returned to normal, showing the placenta as the source of these increased kisspeptin levels.Kisspeptin and its receptor was found in various sites in the kidney, including in the collecting duct, vascular smooth muscle, and in the renal tubule cells.Much of the impact on the kidney deals with the increased production of aldosterone in the adrenals glands stimulated by kisspeptin.