 For this reason, scholars speak of embodied music cognition in the sense that listeners relate musical sound to mental images of gestures, i.e.that listening (or even merely imagining music) also is a process of incessant mental re-enactment of musical gestures.Acknowledging the multimodal nature of music perception, embodied music cognition could represent a change of paradigm in music theory and other music related research, research which has often tended to exclude considerations of bodily movement from its conceptual apparatus in favour of focus on more abstract, notation-based elements of music.