 In 2011, Vanquish Oncology Inc. was founded to move PAC-1 forward to a human clinical trial.In 2013, Vanquish announced a multimillion-dollar angel investment into the company.In 2015, a phase I clinical trial of PAC-1 opened for enrollment of cancer patients, and in 2016, it was announced that PAC-1 had been granted Orphan Drug Designation for treatment of glioblastoma by the FDA, and in late 2017 a Phase 1b trial began of PAC-1 plus temozolomide for treatment of patients with recurrent glioblastoma or anaplastic astrocytoma.