 The early reports, including that of Rochefort, Philippe de Commines (French politician), Caspar Weinreich (contemporary German chronicler) and Jan Allertz (Recorder of Rotterdam), all state that Richard killed the princes before he seized the throne (thus before June 1483).De Commines' "Memoirs" (c.1500), however, identifies the Duke of Buckingham as the person "who put them to death".Only Mancini's account is contemporary, having been written in London before November 1483.