 Liberalism was not recognized as a coherent theory as such until it was collectively and derisively termed idealism by E. H. Carr.A new version of "idealism" that focused on human rights as the basis of the legitimacy of international law was advanced by Hans Köchler.Major theorists include Montesquieu, Immanuel Kant, Michael W. Doyle, Francis Fukuyama, and Helen Milner.