 Low temperature prolongs dormancy.Sowing them as soon as ripe is better, either in cold frames or seedbeds outdoors, where they can be left "in situ" for 1 to 2 years before being planted in their permanent positions, or in pots, where the plants can be put out into their permanent positions in summer or autumn.They must be protected from the cold in their first winter, and also from mice and squirrels.