 These three Middle Persian sources do not give any certain indication of the date when chess was introduced into Persia.The mentions of chess in Kar-Namag i Ardashir i Pabagan and Khosrow and ridag are simply conventional and may easily represent late Sasanian or even post-Sasanian redactions.According to Touraj Daryaee, Kar-Namag i Ardashir i Pabagan is from 6th century.