 As a virtue, it means "study of self", "self-reflection", "introspection, observation of self".Taittiriya Upanishad’s hymn 1.9.1 emphasizes the central importance of "Svadhyaya" in one’s pursuit of Reality (Ṛta), Truth (Satya), Self-restraint (Damah), Perseverance (Tapas), Tranquility and Inner Peace (Samas), Relationships with others, family, guests (Praja, Prajana, Manush, Atithi) and all Rituals (Agnaya, Agnihotram).Taittiriya Upanishad, however, adds in verse 1.9.1, that along with the virtue of ' process of learning, one must teach and share ("pravacana") what one learns.