 21 of the councillors are selected by the component parties of the ruling Pakatan Harapan coalition.Of these, nine are appointed by the Democratic Action Party (DAP), eight by the People's Justice Party (PKR), and two each from the National Trust Party (Amanah) and Malaysian United Indigenous Party (Bersatu).Penang-based non-governmental organisations (NGOs) are allocated the remaining three councillor positions to allow for the participation in policy-making by Penang's civil societies.