 Outside of the full-size segment, American manufacturers began to more closely match European and Japanese manufacturers in size segments, which led to the abandonment of the North American-specific "intermediate" size segment.As an alternative to the costs of complete model redesigns, manufacturers adopted downsizing in a second strategy, by shifting nameplates of larger vehicles to smaller ones during model updates.The term engine downsizing is used when a manufacturer introduces a smaller-displacement engine (though not necessarily lower-output) for a product line in the interest of higher fuel economy.