 The mononymous tradition reverted to form with the election and succession of Pope Benedict XVI in 2005 and Pope Francis in 2013.The Western practice of combining a given name (Christian name or forename) with a family name (surname) is not universal.Surnames were introduced in Turkey only after World War I, by that country's first president, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, as part of his Westernization and modernization programs.