 Zhang developed, Nivison continues, "an organic view of history and the state that approaches Hegelian thought, and then built this view upon and into a theory of culture that sometimes suggests Vico," the Italian philosopher.His magnum opus, "On Literature and History" (《文史通義》), was published posthumously, in 1832.In Zhang's view, Confucianism developed over time in response to the concrete needs of the people for social organization.