 In 2002, it was shown that Mfd may also re-initiate transcription at backtracked RNAP by forcing the polymerase forward and out of its backtracked state.In 2015, Merrikh Lab at University of Washington discovered the bacterial protein called Mutation Frequency Decline (Mfd) quickens the bacterial mutation process.This work researches ways to slow the rate of bacterial mutations and to block their evolution, in order to fight against antibiotic resistance.