 Verhoeven's controversial and critically panned "Showgirls" (1995), made soon after, has gained a cult following but was critically panned when released.Canadian filmmakers Atom Egoyan and David Cronenberg elevated the genre in the 1990s by producing arthouse erotic thrillers that evolved the form in new directions.Egoyan's "The Adjuster" (1991), "Exotica" (1994), and "Chloe" (2009) all trade on the audience's perception of what an erotic thriller should be, but then give them something more complex in exchange.