 Fraser has authored more than 300 publications with more than 50,000 citations, edited four books, and served on the editorial boards of nine scientific journals.She is included on 23 issued patents and 19 published patents

From 1998 to 2007, Fraser was president and director of The Institute for Genomic Research (TIGR) in Rockville, MD, and led the teams that sequenced the genomes of bacterial and parasitic pathogens and the first model plant, "Arabidopsis thaliana".In 1995, Fraser was part of the team to first sequence the complete genome of a free-living organism—"Haemophilus influenzae"—the bacterium that causes lower respiratory tract infections and meningitis in infants and young children.