 In July 1941, Mieczysław Słowikowski (using the codename ""Rygor""—Polish for "Rigor") set up "Agency Africa", one of the Second World War's most successful intelligence organizations.His Polish allies in these endeavors included Lt. Col. Gwido Langer and Major Maksymilian Ciężki.The information gathered by the Agency was used by the Americans and British in planning the amphibious November 1942 Operation Torch landings in North Africa.