 Jay Henry Lieske developed an updated theory in 1976, where "p" equals 5,029.0966 arcseconds (or 1.3969713 degrees) per Julian century.Modern techniques such as VLBI and LLR allowed further refinements, and the International Astronomical Union adopted a new constant value in 2000, and new computation methods and polynomial expressions in 2003 and 2006; the accumulated precession is