 The pieds-noirs (Algerians of European origin) violently demonstrated against it and the North African Party opposed it, leading to the project's abandonment.The pro-independence party was dissolved in 1937, and its leaders were charged with the illegal reconstitution of a dissolved league, leading to Messali Hadj's 1937 founding of the "Parti du peuple algérien" (Algerian People's Party, PPA), which, at this time, no longer espoused full independence but only extensive autonomy.This new party was dissolved in 1939.