 It has multi-lateral and bilateral international agreements.SUPARCO's science and research is mainly focused and concentrated on understanding of the Solar system, Space weather, astrophysics, astronomical observation, climatic studies, space and telemedicine, remote sensing and the Earth observation.The independent research in space sciences and aeronautical development was ensued and goaded by the senior physicists at the Department of Physics of the Punjab University, in 1957, following the successful launch of Soviet Union's first artificial satellite, the Sputnik 1 However, due to the political instability, the serious initiatives to establish the programme were not undertaken by the Government of Pakistan.