 Medical signs that can be detected from observation of eye fundus (generally by funduscopy) include hemorrhages, exudates, cotton wool spots, blood vessel abnormalities (tortuosity, pulsation and new vessels) and pigmentation.Arteriolar constriction, seen as "silver wiring", and vascular tortuosities are seen in hypertensive retinopathy.The eye's fundus is the only part of the human body where the microcirculation can be observed directly.