 He finished his studies in 1899 and, too short sighted to be a painter, turned to writing.His poetry was first published in "Der yud" (Warsaw) in 1901 and from then on his poems, satires, drama and children's stories appeared in Yiddish publications throughout Europe and North America.Between 1906 and 1910 he travelled to the United States where he started the humorous journal "Der kibitser" (continued for two decades under the title "Der Groyser Kundes").