 Baldwin studied at Cambridge University, gaining an MA and a PhD before lecturing at Makerere University and Cambridge.He was editor of "Mind" from 2005 to 2015 and has served as the president of the Aristotelian Society (2006–07) and as Deputy Chair of the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority.He was Chair of the Nuffield Council on Bioethics Working Party on "Novel Neurotechnologies" (2013).