 The early part of 2010 saw the rise of Card Linked Offers (CLOs) as a new loyalty marketing technique for brands, retailers and financial institutions, stemming from a rise in popularity of both mobile payment and coupons.CLOs connect offers or discounts directly to a consumer's credit card or debit card, which can then be redeemed at the point of sale.CLOs have been implemented by American Express and Groupon and CLO technology has been developed by companies such as Strands, Meniga, Smart Engine, Cartera Commerce, Womply, Cardlytics, Linkable Networks, Birdback, Clovr Media, and Offermatic.