 French, German and Italian translations usually came directly from the original, while English translations were second-hand and of poor quality.The first English translations were by Marie von Thilo in 1881, but the first highly regarded ones were produced between 1912 and 1920 by Constance Garnett.Her flowing and easy translations helped popularise Dostoevsky's novels in anglophone countries, and Bakthin's "Problems of Dostoevsky's Creative Art" (1929) (republished and revised as "Problems of Dostoevsky's Poetics" in 1963) provided further understanding of his style.