title: Shameless (American TV series)

text: In August 2018, Rossum announced her departure from Shameless after nine seasons playing Fiona Gallagher. In October 2018, Cameron Monaghan also announced his departure from the series after playing Ian Gallagher for nine seasons; however, it was later announced Monaghan was expected to return for the tenth season.


title: Shameless (American TV series)

text: On January 13, 2020, it was announced that the series had been renewed for its eleventh and final season, which had been scheduled to air in summer 2020 but was then delayed because of the COVID-19 pandemic, and that Macy, White, Cutkosky, Hampton, Howey, Kenney, Monaghan, Fisher, Miner, and Isaiah would all return for the series' final season. Production on the final season commenced on September 8, 2020. Production for the final season ended on March 12, 2021.


title: Shameless (American TV series)

text: The theme song for "Shameless" is "The Luck You Got" by indie rock group The High Strung. The majority of the music featured in the series is from indie rock bands. The pilot episode used music from artists such as Cream, Spoon, Say Hi, 3OH!3, The Vines, The Moog, and LMFAO. The show has also featured music from Let's Wrestle, Eels, The Blue Van, Cake, Jimmy Eat World, Alien Crime Syndicate, Capital Cities, and Johnny Foreigner.


title: Shameless (American TV series)

text: In promotion for the second-season premiere, the entire cast sang their own version of a Christmas carol, entitled "Shameless: Christmas Carol".


title: Shameless (American TV series)

text: "Shameless" premiered on January 9, 2011 in the United States, becoming Showtime's highest-rated series debut on record across the network's target demographic. The first episode of the series generated 982,000 unique viewers, and was Showtime's largest audience for a series premiere since "Dead Like Me" in 2003.


title: Shameless (American TV series)

text: The fourth episode, "Casey Casden", airing January 30, posted 1.45 million total viewers. "Shameless" was the cable channel's best-performing first-year drama. Defying the usual downward trend following a premiere, the series built on its initial audience, becoming number one in its time slot among adults aged 18 through 49. Subsequent episodes' audiences fluctuated between a million and 1.14 million viewers. The March 27, 2011 season finale, "Father Frank, Full of Grace," drew an audience of 1.157 million.


title: Shameless (American TV series)

text: The third season's premiere episode, "El Gran Cañon" (airing January 13, 2013), drew 2 million viewers, becoming the show's highest rated episode to date. It then maintained average ratings of just below a million viewers throughout the remainder of its episodes.


title: Shameless (American TV series)

text: Tim Goodman of "The Hollywood Reporter" said that ""Shameless" is excellent, compelling television from the first moment. As long as it stays true to the roots of the original, it's going to be essential viewing". The show's first season score on Metacritic is a 66 of 100, which is a generally favorable review. The second season score on Metacritic is a 76 of 100, indicating increasingly favorable reviews. Tom O'Neill of the "Los Angeles Times" reported on the Emmy buzz about "Shameless", especially with respect to the performance of Emmy Rossum. He said "she didn't have much Emmy buzz after "Shameless" debuted in January, but that changed after she gave powerhouse turns in such episodes as 'But at Last Came a Knock'". BuddyTV ranked "Shameless" #8 on its list of 2011's best new TV shows. Review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes gave the first season a 'fresh' rating of 70% based on 37 reviews, with the critical consensus "Shameless is a dark, urban dramedy that overcomes its leaps of logic thanks to fantastic casting, intriguing ambiance, and shock value." Seasons 2–8 each have an above 90% rating as of 2021, with the exception of season 7, which has an 88% rating. Seasons 9, 10, and 11 have the lowest ratings with 73%, 20%, and 70% respectively as of February 2022.


title: Shameless (American TV series)

text: The first episode of the series, "Pilot", was watched by 982,000 viewers, making it the network's biggest turnout for a series premiere since "Dead Like Me" in 2003. The episode airing January 30, "Casey Casden", received 1.45 million total viewers, making "Shameless" the best performing first-year drama on Showtime.


title: Shameless (American TV series)

text: On the November 16, 2018 broadcast of the A&E program "Live PD", deputies of the Franklin County Sheriff's Office in Ohio were shown serving an arrest warrant to theft suspect Storm Wisener. When the deputies located her and allowed her to put some clothes on before being transported to jail, a TV in the room they were in could be heard loudly playing a sex scene from the "Shameless" episode "Church of Gay Jesus," complete with the sounds of Rossum's character, Fiona, moaning in pleasure. Shortly afterward, host Dan Abrams remarked, "So it seems Storm has been captured, but maybe Stormy was in the background there."


title: Kid Cudi

text: Scott Ramon Seguro Mescudi (born January 30, 1984), better known by his stage name Kid Cudi ( ), is an American rapper, singer, songwriter, record producer, actor and fashion designer. Born and raised in Cleveland, Ohio, Cudi would move to New York City, where he first gained major recognition following the release of his debut single "Day 'n' Nite", which he initially self-published on his MySpace page. The song went on to become a worldwide hit and served as the catalyst for Cudi to team with American record producers Plain Pat and Emile Haynie, to record his first official full-length project, a mixtape titled "A Kid Named Cudi" (2008). The mixtape helped Cudi rise to prominence and establish a fan base, more notably the mixtape caught the attention of high-profile musician Kanye West, who subsequently signed Cudi to his GOOD Music label imprint by late 2008.


title: Kid Cudi

text: Cudi's commercial debut single was later remastered and featured on his seminal debut album, "" (2009), which was certified double platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). The album also included the singles "Make Her Say" (featuring Kanye West and Common) and "Pursuit of Happiness" (featuring MGMT and Ratatat), both of which achieved significant chart success. In 2010, Cudi released his second album, "", which also attained platinum status and features the singles "Erase Me" (featuring Kanye West) and "Mr. Rager". Later that year he formed WZRD, a rock band, with his long-time collaborator Dot da Genius. Their eponymous debut album (2012) debuted at number one on the "Billboard" Top Rock Albums chart.


title: Kid Cudi

text: Cudi would go on to release the self-produced solo album "Indicud" (2013), which was certified gold by the RIAA and spawned the platinum-selling single "Just What I Am" (featuring King Chip). He would continue to produce the bulk of his own records, including the avant-garde music albums "" (2014) and "Speedin' Bullet 2 Heaven" (2015), the latter of which was led by the grunge-inspired single "Confused!". In 2016, the release of his sixth solo album "Passion, Pain & Demon Slayin'", was supported by the lead single "Surfin'" (featuring Pharrell Williams). Cudi's joint album with Kanye West, under the eponymous name "Kids See Ghosts" (2018), was met with widespread critical acclaim. In April 2020, Cudi earned his first number-one song on the US "Billboard" Hot 100 chart with "The Scotts", alongside fellow American rapper Travis Scott. His seventh album, "" (2020), was highly acclaimed and a commercial success, having been certified gold by the RIAA. Cudi issued his eighth album "Entergalactic" (2022), coinciding with the release of a adult animated special of the same name inspired by the album, which was critically praised.


title: Kid Cudi

text: After signing to GOOD Music, Cudi has since gone on to launch his own vanity labels, the now-dissolved Dream On and current label imprint Wicked Awesome Records. Cudi also ventured into acting in 2010, when he was cast in the HBO series "How to Make It in America". He has since appeared in several feature films, including "Goodbye World" (2013), "Need for Speed" (2014), "Entourage" (2015), "Bill & Ted Face the Music" (2020), "Don't Look Up" (2021), and "X" (2022). In addition, he has made appearances on television shows such as "One Tree Hill", "The Cleveland Show", "Brooklyn Nine-Nine", and "Westworld". In 2015, he was the bandleader on the IFC series "Comedy Bang! Bang!" and in 2020 was added as a cast member for the HBO mini-series "We Are Who We Are". In 2020, he launched Mad Solar, a production company for film and television, which produced a documentary titled "A Man Named Scott" (2021), storying Cudi's music career. Cudi is also founder, creator, and director of the clothing line "MOTR", which he launched in 2022.


title: Kid Cudi

text: Kid Cudi has been widely recognized as an influence on several contemporary hip hop and alternative acts. His lyrics are often autobiographical and describe his childhood hardships of depression, loneliness and alienation, his struggle with alcohol and drugs into adulthood, and themes of spirituality, heartbreak, dissipation and celebration. Throughout the years he has incorporated elements of psychedelia, R&B, electronica, synthpop, punk and indie rock, in his music. Cudi has sold over 22 million certified records in the United States and has won two Grammy Awards from five nominations. He has worked with numerous prominent artists spanning several different genres in the music industry, namely Jay-Z, Eminem, Kendrick Lamar, David Guetta, Steve Aoki, MGMT, Mary J. Blige, Shakira, Ariana Grande and Michael Bolton, among others.


title: Kid Cudi

text: Kid Cudi was born Scott Ramon Seguro Mescudi in Cleveland, Ohio, on January 30, 1984. He grew up in Shaker Heights and Solon. He has two older brothers, Domingo and Dean, and an older sister, Maisha. His mother, Elsie Harriet (née Banks), is an African-American school choir teacher at Roxboro Middle School in Cleveland Heights, Ohio. His father, Lindberg Styles Mescudi, was a house painter, substitute teacher, and World War II Air Force veteran of African-American and Mexican descent.


title: Kid Cudi

text: When Cudi was 11 years old, his father died of cancer; his passing had a significant effect on Cudi's personality and music. Cudi attended Shaker Heights High School for two years before transferring to Solon High School. He was expelled from the school for threatening to punch the principal, and would later earn his GED. He studied film at the University of Toledo, but dropped out after a year. His subsequent plan to join the Navy did not pan out because of his juvenile police record.


title: Kid Cudi

text: Cudi first began rapping in 2003, towards the end of his time in high school, and was inspired by alternative hip hop groups such as the Pharcyde and A Tribe Called Quest. He later moved to New York City to pursue a music career. After leaving Cleveland in 2005 with $500 and a demo tape, he moved in with his uncle, accomplished jazz drummer Kalil Madi, in the South Bronx. He worked at a couple of Manhattan clothing stores, before eventually sharing an apartment with friend and collaborator Dot da Genius in Brooklyn.


title: Kid Cudi

text: In 2006, Cudi would run into his future mentor, rapper and producer Kanye West, in a Virgin Megastore. He recounted in a 2009 "SPIN" interview, "I was looking at CDs, saw the gleam of a Jesus piece in the right side of my eye, looked up, and it was Kanye West." He introduced himself and offered West some of his music. Cudi would later run into West again while working at the BAPE store in New York, and recalled: "I remember Kanye coming in one time and I was helping him get a couple things. I forgot to take a sensor off of one of the jackets he bought and I had to run out the store to catch him before he left. Pretty funny me chasing after him in SoHo."


title: Kid Cudi

text: In 2007, Kid Cudi's song "Day 'n' Nite", began being featured on several music blogs, after having initially uploaded the song to his MySpace page. This early work would go on to catch the attention of West via his then-manager Plain Pat, subsequently leading West to sign Cudi to his GOOD Music imprint later that year. In July 2008, Kid Cudi released his first mixtape, "A Kid Named Cudi" (executive produced by Plain Pat and Emile Haynie), in collaboration with New York street-wear brand 10.Deep as a free download.


title: Kid Cudi

text: Kanye West first called upon Cudi to reference hooks for American rapper and mogul Jay-Z, and while in the studio Cudi and West went from working on "The Blueprint 3" (2009) to West's R&B-esque "808s & Heartbreak" (2008). Cudi's assistance on the latter includes co-writing credits and/or vocals on "Heartless," "Welcome to Heartbreak," "Paranoid" and "RoboCop." Kid Cudi was a prominent songwriter and featured artist on "808s & Heartbreak", with "Paranoid" and "Heartless" being released as singles, while "Welcome to Heartbreak" charted as an album cut and peaked at number 87 on the Pop 100.


title: Kid Cudi

text: Kid Cudi's first television appearance was at the 2008 MTV Video Music Awards, alongside Travis Barker and DJ AM. Cudi was promoted as an artist to watch for in media such as "Rolling Stone", "Vibe", "The Source", "XXL" and BBC News's 2009 Sound of poll. MTV News reported on Cudi on a series of reports titled "MCs To Watch In 2009".


title: Kid Cudi

text: In late 2008, Cudi was revealed to be included in "XXL"s 2009 annual Freshman Class. He was featured on the cover alongside fellow up-and-coming rappers Asher Roth, Wale, B.o.B, Charles Hamilton, Cory Gunz, Blu, Mickey Factz, Ace Hood and Curren$y. On February 17, 2009, he appeared on Snoop Dogg's MTV talk show "Dogg After Dark", performing "Day 'n' Nite" at the end of the show. Two days later on February 19, 2009, Cudi appeared on BET's "106 & Park", alongside Kanye West to debut the music video of "Day 'n' Nite". On February 25, 2009, Cudi self-leaked a teaser trailer for the upcoming "" film, using his song "Sky Might Fall" in the background; later he posted that he made the trailer himself and was in talks to possibly making it official.


title: Kid Cudi

text: In February 2009, Kid Cudi also made a cameo appearance next to Solange in the video for her song "T.O.N.Y.". On March 16, 2009, Kid Cudi performed on mtvU's Spring Break special, and the following day he performed three songs on NBC's "Last Call with Carson Daly". Cudi teamed up with partner and record producer Emile Haynie, to produce an exclusive single titled "Switchin Lanes", for the video game "", part of its "South Central Premium Upgrade" downloadable content (DLC), which came out March 19, 2009, for the PlayStation 3 and March 27, 2009, for the Xbox 360. He has also appeared as a musical guest on the "Late Show with David Letterman" and "Jimmy Kimmel Live!" In June 2009, he made a cameo in Black Eyed Peas' video for "I Gotta Feeling", alongside David Guetta, where the two met for the first time and subsequently recorded their international hit "Memories". In 2009, he had also been on two magazine covers, "Complex" (August/September 2009) and "URB" (August 2009).


title: Kid Cudi

text: He revealed information about his future plans via his blog, saying that a possible collaborative album with Chip tha Ripper could be followed with a collaborative project with electronic rock duo Ratatat. On May 5, 2009 Iranian-American progressive house DJ Sharam, released "She Came Along", the lead single from his debut studio album, "Get Wild" (2009). The song, featuring Cudi, charted for 15 weeks on the Bulgarian Singles Top 40. It entered the chart on position 40 on week 30/2009, and its last appearance was on week 44/2009. It peaked at number 11, where it stayed for one week.


title: Kid Cudi

text: During the summer of 2009, Cudi joined fellow up-and-coming rappers Asher Roth and B.o.B, for 'The Great Hangover' concert tour.


title: Kid Cudi

text: In late 2009, Kid Cudi was featured on the highly anticipated Jay-Z album "The Blueprint 3", on the song "Already Home". On September 14, 2009, BET premiered their "Rising Icons" profile of Kid Cudi. During the 30 minute show Cudi performed "CuDi Zone", "Mr. Solo Dolo", "Day 'n' Nite" and "Make Her Say". Cudi also discussed his childhood, his move to New York to begin his career as an artist and more.


title: Kid Cudi

text: Cudi's debut album "", was released on Universal Motown Records on September 15, 2009 and sold 104,419 copies in the first week and charted at #4. The album's lead single "Day 'n' Nite", Kid Cudi's greatest commercial success thus far, charted well in both the U.S. and in Europe. The second single released was "Make Her Say" (originally titled "I Poke Her Face"), which features a sample from Lady Gaga's hit single "Poker Face" and performances by Kanye West and Common. Common was also featured throughout the album, as the narrator.


title: Kid Cudi

text: In September 2009, Cudi co-headlined 50 Cent's "50 Fest" concert, along with fellow American rapper Wale. In a late 2009 interview, Cudi announced that the follow-up to his debut album would be a compilation album entitled "Cudder and the Revolution of Evolution", which would have many collaborations. He stated he had already recorded songs with Snoop Dogg, Travis Barker, Clipse, Cage and Pharrell, and would also like to work with Drake, Green Day, Kings of Leon, Robin Thicke, the Killers and the Postal Service on the album. It was also rumored that "Man on the Moon: The End of Day" would be followed up by a sequel titled "Man on the Moon: The Ghost in the Machine" and that the "Man on the Moon" series would be a trilogy. Kid Cudi was nominated for three 2010 Grammy Awards, for his singles "Day 'n' Nite" and "Make Her Say".


title: Kid Cudi

text: In January 2010, Cudi released "Man on the Moon: The End of Day"s third and final single "Pursuit of Happiness", which was eventually certified platinum by the RIAA. In 2010, Cudi was featured on Snoop Dogg's re-release of "Malice n Wonderland", titled "More Malice", on the lead single "That Tree". Cudi later teamed up with independent artist Johnny Polygon, to remix Polygon's "The Riot Song", which appears on his mixtape "Rebel Without Applause" (2010). He was also invited to be a vocalist for the remake of the charity single "We Are the World" for its 25th anniversary to benefit Haiti after the earthquake.


title: Kid Cudi

text: On April 20, 2010, Kid Cudi announced that the name of his second album would not be "Cudder and the Revolution of Evolution", but a direct sequel to his first, titled "".


title: Kid Cudi

text: On June 11, 2010, Kid Cudi was arrested in the Chelsea neighborhood of the Manhattan borough in New York City and charged with felony criminal mischief and possession of a controlled substance. Despite his arrest, he was released and made it to Manchester, Tennessee in time to play at Bonnaroo.


title: Kid Cudi

text: In May 2010, American shoe company Converse, launched "You're It", a campaign which highlighted 23 artists from around the world in a series of web shorts. The campaign featured artists from 13 countries including Kid Cudi. In this short, Converse takes a trip back to Cudi's roots as an artist in his hometown of Cleveland, Ohio. The campaign's goal was to tap into the grassroots of Converse's global market and introduce the artists of tomorrow.


title: Kid Cudi

text: In June 2010, Converse was promoting being a catalyst for creativity by bringing together three musicians from different genres to form a unique collaboration known as "Three Artists. One Song." Converse teamed up Cudi, alongside Vampire Weekend's Rostam Batmanglij and Best Coast's Bethany Cosentino, to produce the song titled "All Summer". In addition to collaborating on the track, each of the artists also participated in the creation of the music video, which was released later that summer.


title: Kid Cudi

text: The lead single from Cudi's second studio album, titled "Erase Me", features Kanye West and was produced by Jim Jonsin. The song debuted on a Cleveland radio station June 30, 2010, and was officially released to Rhythm/Crossover radio on August 17, 2010. The title-track "Mr. Rager", was released as the album's second single, shortly before the album's release. The album, released November 9, 2010, debuted at number three on the US "Billboard" 200 chart, with first-week sales of 169,000 copies. In its second week it crossed the 200,000 sales mark.


title: Kid Cudi

text: In 2010, Kid Cudi appeared on several songs for his mentor Kanye West's weekly free music giveaway "GOOD Fridays"; namely "Good Friday", "Christian Dior Denim Flow" and "The Joy", the latter of which later became a bonus track on the Jay-Z and Kanye West collaborative album "Watch the Throne" (2011).


title: Kid Cudi

text: In October 2010, Cudi had announced that he would be forming a rock band with frequent collaborator Dot da Genius, tentatively called Wizard. In early 2011, he announced that he would be releasing a mixtape titled "A Man Named Scott", reminiscent of his "A Kid Named Cudi" title, prior to the rock album. On February 26, 2011, Cudi took to his Twitter account to announce that Dream On, the record label he launched back in 2009 with partners Patrick "Plain Pat" Reynolds and producer Emile Haynie, has been dissolved. However, in an interview with "Complex Magazine" Cudi explained they were all still on good terms: "I wanted to try something new, and I wanted to take control of things myself. Those are still my guys, Pat and Emile, and I'm still going to work with them in the future. When we start working on "Man on the Moon III" I'll be calling them up to see if they want to be a part of it. I know Emile is definitely down. We had an issue, but we're men and we were able to figure it out and move forward. There's no hard feelings."


title: Kid Cudi

text: In March 2011, Cudi announced that a music video for "Marijuana" would be released in the spring, followed by a music video for "Mr. Rager" in the summer, then he would release a short film, directed by Shia LaBeouf, inspired by his song "Maniac", with Cage, in October 2011. In April 2011, while performing at New York City's Roseland Ballroom Kid Cudi announced he was launching his own record label. The new label, which he will be releasing his third studio album on is called Wicked Awesome Records. He also renamed his band on the same occasion to 2 Be Continuum, renaming it from the original Wizard. Kid Cudi explained his reasoning saying: "I needed something more original, something different, but it's still wizardry at its finest." In 2011, Cudi landed a songwriting placement on English singer Natalia Kills' debut album "Perfectionist", for the song "Free".


title: Kid Cudi

text: On August 12, 2011, Kid Cudi released the music video for "No One Believes Me", directed by Fright Night director Craig Gillespie. The song, produced by Dot da Genius, features Cudi singing and contains elements of rock music. On August 21, Cudi announced that he would no longer be releasing the "A Man Named Scott" mixtape, so that he can focus on his rock project and his third solo album "Man on the Moon III". Kid Cudi released the music video for his second album's title-track "Mr. Rager", on September 8, 2011. The video received all-positive reviews from critics and fans alike.


title: Kid Cudi

text: Despite saying he will not do many more features for other artists in "Complex" magazine's October/November 2011 cover story, Cudi appeared on Bryan Greenberg's second album "We Don't Have Forever" (2011), Travis Barker's solo debut "Give the Drummer Some" (2011), the Knux's "Eraser" (2011), and Wale's "Ambition" (2011), respectively. On October 30, 2011, Cudi released "Maniac", a short horror film co-starring fellow American rapper Cage and directed by American actor Shia LaBeouf, through his blog. On November 13, 2011, a previously unreleased demo tape Cudi had recorded from 2002 to 2003, under the pseudonym Kid Mesc, titled "Rap Hard", leaked online. On Twitter, Cudi wrote "I actually never wanted anyone to hear those songs ever, but its cool. Ha"


title: Kid Cudi

text: On November 18, 2011 Cudi renamed his band for the second time to WZRD (pronounced W-Z-R-D). He also announced that the upcoming rock project would be released on his 28th birthday, January 30, 2012. In late 2011, Cudi was mentioned in a viral video by vlogger Ben Breedlove, about his near death experiences. After Breedlove's death on December 26, 2011, Cudi commented on his thoughts about inspiring the young kid. "I am so sad about Ben Breedlove," Kid Cudi wrote on his Tumblr blog. "I watched the video he left for the world to see, and him seeing me in detail, in his vision really warmed my heart. I broke down, I am to tears because I hate how life is so unfair. This has really touched my heart in a way I cant describe, this is why I do what I do. Why I write my life, and why I love you all so much. Life is really fucked up sometimes, but I know Ben is at Peace, and I hope he gets a chance to sit and talk with my Dad. We love you Ben. Forever. Thank you for loving me. To Ben's family, you raised a real hero, he's definitely mine. You have my love."


title: Kid Cudi

text: In January 2012, Cudi appeared on two songs from Chip tha Ripper's mixtape "Tell Ya Friends", "Ride 4 You" which also featured Far East Movement and "GloryUs", which credited the duo as they are collectively known, The Almighty GloryUs. This led to speculation that a long-awaited project from the two was underway. On January 31, Cudi announced through his Twitter feed that he had completed "WZRD" and that his next album was the collaborative effort with Chip tha Ripper. In 2012, Cudi was featured on the "The Hunger Games", crafting an original song for the film titled "The Ruler and the Killer". Referring to "The Ruler and the Killer", Cudi wrote on his Twitter feed: "I could not have done it without my producing partners on the project for the film, The legendary and Godly T Bone Burnett and Greg Wells!"


title: Kid Cudi

text: While working on the band's self-titled debut, Cudi claimed he had writer's block for almost five months because of his new sobriety; something that had never happened to him for such an extended period of time. According to Cudi, bands that inspired the album include Electric Light Orchestra, Jimi Hendrix, Nirvana and Pink Floyd. The album includes a song titled "Where Did You Sleep Last Night?", a cover of the same titled song by Nirvana, who in turn were inspired by blues guitar legend Lead Belly's rendition of the traditional folk song. Following "WZRD"s release on February 28, 2012, the album debuted at #3 on the US "Billboard" 200 chart, with first-week sales of 66,000 physical and digital copies in the United States. The album also debuted on the Top Rock Albums and Top Alternative Albums at number one, and at #9 on the Canadian Albums Chart respectively.


title: Kid Cudi

text: In April 2012, in Geneseo, New York, Cudi performed before a sold-out crowd and premiered a hip hop song, his first since 2010. During his set, he performed a new record, tentatively titled "The Leader of the Delinquents", which he did a cappella. On April 25, 2012 Cudi was officially back to rapping with the release of "Dennis, Hook Me Up with Some More of That Whiskey!". The song, the first ever solely produced by Cudi himself, samples his 2010 song "Ghost!". In June 2012, Cudi was seen in the music video for "Mercy," the lead single from GOOD Music's compilation album "Cruel Summer", in which he, along with other GOOD Music recording artists were featured on. Cudi was ultimately featured on two songs from the compilation, "The Morning" and a solo track originally meant for "" (2010), titled "Creepers", produced by Dan Black.


title: Kid Cudi

text: In the summer of 2012, Cudi announced the title of his third studio album to be, "Indicud" when he tweeted: "My new album is entitled "indicud", it will be my version of "The Chronic 2001", some songs i'll produce, others i'll feat &/or play songwriter". On June 8, 2012, Cudi announced "Indicud", will be a double-disc album. On August 12, Kid Cudi released the lead single from "Indicud", a song titled "Just What I Am", featuring his friend and longtime collaborator King Chip (formerly Chip tha Ripper). The album was announced to be released in early 2013 with Cudi focusing on scoring movies, followed by the third installment of the "Man on the Moon" series.


title: Kid Cudi

text: Cudi then added that "Indicud" "will feature more uptempos and that it will consist of at most 17 new songs." The music video for "Just What I Am", which marked Cudi's directorial debut, premiered November 6, 2012 on VEVO and was shot in Los Angeles with fans invited to participate in the video's shoot. On November 7, he revealed the album's second official single's title to be "Immortal", and that it again was produced by himself like the two previous releases, "Just What I Am" and "King Wizard". He claimed the song "will make you feel amazing in the heart and soul." The song was officially released via iTunes on March 14, 2013.


title: Kid Cudi

text: On March 14, 2013 Kid Cudi performed at MySpace's South by Southwest (SXSW) secret show in Austin, Texas and after performing his many hits, he previewed a new verse from "Indicud". He also revealed that the album would feature 18 tracks, while officially confirming ASAP Rocky and Michael Bolton as featured guests. On March 16, Cudi announced that he would release the album's tracklist and cover art on April 2. Three days later, Kid Cudi announced via Twitter that the album had officially been completed and turned in to his label, Universal Republic. On March 26, the album's cover art and tracklist was unveiled by Walmart and later Complex. Later that day, Cudi appeared on "Jimmy Kimmel Live!" and performed the album's lead singles; "Just What I Am" and "Immortal", as well as premiering "Mad Solar", which he performed a cappella.


title: Kid Cudi

text: On April 2, 2013, Kid Cudi announced on Power 106, that he was no longer under Kanye West's GOOD Music imprint. Cudi revealed he left the label on good terms, with him saying West respected his decision and will always be "big brother". Cudi's decision to move forward without West, was his desire to focus on his own imprint, Wicked Awesome Records and his friend, fellow rapper King Chip. After "Indicud" leaked online in its entirety on April 9, 2013, Kid Cudi decided to push the album's release date up to April 16. The album went on to debut at #2 on the charts by moving 140,000 copies. In late 2013, Kid Cudi went on tour in support of "Indicud" on "The Cud Life Tour 2013". The tour was announced on July 15 with tickets going on sale the following day. Supporting acts on the tour included fellow American rappers Big Sean, Tyler, The Creator and Logic.


title: Kid Cudi

text: While on tour, on October 16, 2013 Kid Cudi announced he would be releasing an extended play (EP), sometime in the next three months. Cudi also revealed he would be producing it alongside Dot da Genius and that frequent collaborator King Chip, would appear on the EP. He then called the EP a prelude to his fourth album "Man on the Moon III", which he announced would be released in 2015. On October 19, 2013, Cudi revealed "Going to the Ceremony", a song he had released via online audio distribution platform SoundCloud, earlier in July, would be included in the EP. Cudi would also go on to reveal a remix of his hit single "Day 'n' Nite, which was briefly previewed on the intro of his 2008 breakout mixtape "A Kid Named Cudi", would also appear on the EP.


title: Kid Cudi

text: On November 25, 2013, via his Twitter, Cudi revealed the title of the EP to be "". On December 16, 2013, Kid Cudi once again utilized SoundCloud to release "Satellite Flight", the EP's title-track. On January 27, 2014, Kid Cudi revealed on Twitter that "Satellite Flight: Journey to Mother Moon" would no longer be an EP, but a full-length album instead. In a February 2014 interview with MTV News, Cudi discussed the EP's transition to a full-fledged album and called the project his best work yet: "I'm really excited because it's my best work, and it's a surprise. People weren't really expecting it. I've never done two albums within a year of each other."


title: Kid Cudi

text: On February 25, 2014, with only few hours' notice from Cudi, "Satellite Flight: The Journey to Mother Moon" was released exclusively to digital retailers. The album debuted at number four on the "Billboard" 200 chart, with first-week sales of 87,000 digital copies in the United States. On March 4, 2014 Cudi appeared on "Chelsea Lately", where he was interviewed by Oscar-nominated actress Gabourey Sidibe, to promote "Satellite Flight" and the 2014 film "Need for Speed". On March 12, 2014, Cudi released a song titled "Hero", a collaboration with American singer-songwriter Skylar Grey, recorded for the soundtrack to "Need for Speed". On March 15, 2014, Cudi appeared on "The Arsenio Hall Show", where he promoted the album, discussed the state of hip-hop, suicidal thoughts, "Need for Speed", and performed the song "Internal Bleeding", from the album.


title: Kid Cudi

text: In April 2014, Cudi appeared on the cover of the inaugural issue of "Fat Man" magazine. On April 24, 2014, while being honored as a mental health advocate by Didi Hirsch Mental Health Services, at the Beverly Hilton in Los Angeles, Cudi offered a special performance during their annual Erasing the Stigma Leadership Awards. On May 2, 2014, it was announced Cudi would headline Chicago's North Coast Music Festival, along with West Coast rapper Snoop Dogg. On May 11, 2014 Cudi revealed he would be writing and directing a short film for the "Satellite Flight" album cut "Balmain Jeans": "Developing a short film for "Balmain Jeans", a story about a spontaneous electric connection between two strangers."


title: Kid Cudi

text: In a January 2015 interview, at the Sundance Film Festival, Kid Cudi expressed the possibility of releasing another album before the release of "Man on the Moon III": "I'm always making music. The beauty in that is that I have a lot of material. And I'm actually thinking that it would be good to release something in the meantime, before "Man on the Moon III" comes out. Another Kid Cudi album, it's just kind of along the lines of what I did with "Indicud" or "Satellite Flight", which is just its own standalone thing but still a Kid Cudi album. The "Man on the Moon III" album is something that's gonna take some time but I know the fans are gonna be patient and I really appreciate that guys, thank you for your patience. But "Man on the Moon III" is coming, there may be an album before that just to tide you over."


title: Kid Cudi

text: On March 3, 2015, Cudi officially released his first song since his album "Satellite Flight", was put on the market. The song, which is titled "Love," was originally recorded for "Satellite Flight", and samples Ratatat's "Sunblocks" and has been received with positive reviews. On April 4, 2015, Cudi announced via Twitter that he would be releasing a new album titled "Speedin' Bullet 2 Heaven". On August 1, 2015, Cudi released "Confused!," the lead single from his fifth album. On October 27, 2015, Cudi announced the new album will be released on December 4, 2015. He also leaked two songs off the project, "Wedding Tux" and "Judgemental Cunt". In November 2015 Cudi announced an "Especial Tour", that will bring the rapper to various theaters all across the United States. On December 1, 2015, Cudi announced the cancellation of his "Especial Tour", due to various reasons, such as production and personal issues. To make up for postponing the concert tour, Cudi released the album's title-track as the second single.


title: Kid Cudi

text: In March 2016, Kid Cudi performed at McDowell Mountain Music Festival in Phoenix, Arizona. In an early April 2016 interview with "Billboard", when asked about "Man on the Moon III", Cudi responded with: "I came up with "Man on the Moon" when I was a young man. People change their vibe! We can follow the same template and do the five-act split. Sonically, I'm still going to be where I'm at. Honestly, I was ready to live up to the obligation and do "Man on the Moon III". I haven't been dicking around. I was planning on doing it after "Speedin' Bullet". But the "Speedin' Bullet" response tore me up. It made me realize what's most important. I'm getting back on the bike again and doing what I do best: me." On April 22, 2016, Kid Cudi announced he would be releasing a new studio album, slated for a summer unveiling.


title: Kid Cudi

text: On May 11, 2016, amidst rumors that he was set to release "Man on the Moon III", Cudi revealed the title of his sixth solo album would be "Passion, Pain & Demon Slayin'", through online mobile video-sharing and social networking service Instagram. On June 1, 2016, Cudi announced that he had two upcoming albums. One set to be released in the summer, while the other would be released in the fall. He added that one of them was complete. On September 26, 2016, Kid Cudi unveiled the track-list for "Passion, Pain & Demon Slayin" via Twitter, which revealed guest spots from Travis Scott, André 3000, Pharrell Williams and Willow Smith.


title: Kid Cudi

text: Although there was a discrepancy between him and Kanye West, West later made an offer of peace and a song featuring him and Cudi subsequently surfaced online. "Passion, Pain & Demon Slayin" was announced to be issued first via digital distribution on December 16, 2016, with the physical release on December 23. Cudi has also shared the song "Baptized in Fire," which features Travis Scott (with whom Cudi collaborated extensively with on 2016's "Birds in the Trap Sing McKnight"). On March 1, 2017, Kid Cudi performed the song "Kitchen", with a string orchestra, live on "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon". On August 15, 2017, Cudi announced a national concert tour by the name of Passion, Pain & Demon Slayin' Tour; with the first date on September 30 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.


title: Kid Cudi

text: In 2018 Cudi and Kanye West formed a duo known as Kids See Ghosts, and produced an album with the same name, "Kids See Ghosts", which was released on June 8, 2018. On October 23, 2018, in response to a fan on Twitter, Cudi revealed he had begun working on his seventh solo album. Although he said he would be taking his time to create his forthcoming LP, Cudi projected a 2019 release.


title: Kid Cudi

text: In July 2019, Kid Cudi announced his next album would be titled "Entergalactic", which he revealed would soundtrack an upcoming Netflix "adult-focused animated music series" co-created by himself and Kenya Barris.


title: Kid Cudi

text: On April 14, 2020, Kid Cudi released "Leader of the Delinquents" as a single via Republic Records. The song, which Cudi had first performed back in 2012, was later released in a limited edition pressing of the track on 7" vinyl, 12" picture disc, and cassette.


title: Kid Cudi

text: On April 24, 2020, Cudi collaborated with Travis Scott under the collective name The Scotts, to release a song under the same name, "The Scotts". It was hinted that the duo would be releasing more music in the future. The song debuted atop the "Billboard" Hot 100 chart, becoming Cudi's first number-one hit single in the US.


title: Kid Cudi

text: Later on April 24, Cudi also revealed that he was still working on new music for a future WZRD release, joking that "we take a decade off between albums." On July 9, 2020, Cudi's daughter Vada, announced via social media that he would be releasing a song with multiple Grammy Award-winning artist Eminem, called "The Adventures of Moon Man & Slim Shady" the coming Friday. The song was released on July 10, 2020 and also saw success as a hit, as it debuted in the Top 40 of the "Billboard" Hot 100.


title: Kid Cudi

text: On October 26, Cudi released a teaser video on his official Twitter account for "Man on the Moon III", the final installment in his , after a decade between releases. The album title and release date were not shared with the video, however on December 7, Cudi announced the album would be titled "", with a release date of December 11, 2020. The concept album's theme follows Cudi overcoming his darkness, but fighting to win his soul back from his alter-ego "Mr. Rager".


title: Kid Cudi

text: "Man on the Moon III: The Chosen", received mostly positive reviews from music critics, who praised Cudi's songwriting and generally favored the latter two acts, though some found it derivative of Cudi's earlier albums. It debuted at number two on the Billboard 200, earning 144,000 album-equivalent units of which 15,000 were pure sales, marking Cudi's fifth top 10 album in the US.


title: Kid Cudi

text: Although "Entergalactic" was originally set for a 2020 release, it was pushed back due to Cudi releasing his long-awaited "Man on the Moon III" album instead. In January 2021, when asked by a fan on Twitter why "Entergalatic"s new release date says 2022 on Netflix, Cudi responded, "[Because] that's when it drops. I just gave y'all an album y'all gotta chill and be patient fr man I'm not doin an album every year."


title: Kid Cudi

text: Cudi was the sole musical guest on "Saturday Night Live" in April 2021, having previously featured alongside Kanye West and 070 Shake in "Ghost Town" in 2018. He played "Tequila Shots" and "Sad People" with both performances in tribute to Nirvana frontman Kurt Cobain. "Sad People" showcased Cudi in a floral dress designed by Virgil Abloh in a nod to Cobain.


title: Kid Cudi

text: In June 2021, Amazon enlisted Kid Cudi for "Prime Day Show"; a three-part musical event also featuring Billie Eilish and H.E.R. Cudi's performance included a mission to establish a new community on the moon, while performing with the International Space Orchestra, a new group composed of space scientists from NASA Ames Research Center, the SETI Institute and the International Space University.


title: Kid Cudi

text: "A Man Named Scott", a documentary film directed by Robert Alexander, was announced in October 2021 via Prime Video. The film was produced by Mad Solar, Complex Networks and Film 45, set for release in November 2021, and billed as a look at Cudi's journey "over a decade of creative choices, struggles, and breakthroughs."


title: Kid Cudi

text: During his headlining performance at the Rolling Loud music festival, Cudi revealed intentions on releasing two full-length projects in 2022, with plans of releasing an album prior to "Entergalactic" "I have "Entergalactic" coming in the summer, and I wanna drop another album before that. I got some tasty surprises and I'm really excited about all this new shit, this new music, to give to you guys," he said before playing a recording of a song that has since been dubbed "Freshie." "That's why I'm teasing this shit now because it's coming out soon."


title: Kid Cudi

text: On December 3, 2021, a collaboration between Cudi and American pop singer Ariana Grande, titled "Just Look Up" was released in promotion for the black comedy film "Don't Look Up", in which they both star in. That month, "Man on the Moon III: The Chosen" broke the record for biggest vinyl sales week for both a male artist and a rap album in Nielsen history.


title: Kid Cudi

text: On April 9, 2022, Cudi performed a medley of "Stars in the Sky" (the lead single for the soundtrack to the film "Sonic the Hedgehog 2") and "Pursuit of Happiness" at the Kids' Choice Awards for the first time. On June 24, 2022, a collaboration between Dot da Genius, JID, Denzel Curry, and Cudi, titled "Talk About Me", was released, along with a music video directed by Cole Bennett. In June, Cudi announced his first arena tour with To the Moon World Tour, set to begin in Vancouver on August 16, 2022 and conclude in Milan on November 22, 2022.


title: Kid Cudi

text: On July 4, 2022, Cudi announced a compilation album, "The Boy Who Flew to the Moon, Vol. 1", to be released on July 8, along with the re-release of his debut mixtape "A Kid Named Cudi" on July 15. The compilation features "Love", a bonus track which was previously unofficially released due to sample clearance issues. On July 6, American fast food chain McDonald's, announced the line-up for their 2022 Camp McDonald's virtual experience, led by headliner Kid Cudi. The virtual camp would take place over four weeks only available through the McDonald's app.


title: Kid Cudi

text: Upon "Entergalactic"’s release on September 30, the album debuted at number 13 on the US "Billboard" 200 chart, earning 22,480 album-equivalent units (including 1,791 copies in pure album sales) in its first week. It’s visual component of the same name received an average rating of 8.9/10 on the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, with 96% of 25 critics' reviews being positive.


title: Kid Cudi

text: In October 2022, on an episode of "Hot Ones", Cudi revealed that he didn’t know how much longer he would continue making music and that he had an alternative career path in mind. The rapper said he was “kinda nearing the end on all things Kid Cudi.” He quoted other rappers including Snoop Dogg, Jay-Z, Eminem and more, saying he didn’t think he would have the same longevity at these artists. On November 6, Cudi announced on Twitter he only has one more album left on his recording contract with Republic. He revealed it would not be released in 2023 and that he does not know what he will continue to do following the release.


title: Kid Cudi

text: In 2010, Kid Cudi made a guest appearance on American television drama "One Tree Hill", starring as himself and performing his "Man on the Moon II" single "Erase Me", during the episode. In 2010, Kid Cudi also began starring in the HBO comedy series "How to Make It in America", as part of the main cast, being credited by his birth name Scott Mescudi, until its cancellation after two seasons. On October 31, 2010, Kid Cudi released a short film, directed by Shia LaBeouf, in which he and fellow American rapper Cage, star as French-speaking serial killers. The short film, titled "Maniac", was inspired by Cudi's song of the same name, from his 2010 album "Man on the Moon II" and is an homage to the 1992 Belgian black comedy crime mockumentary, "Man Bites Dog". In May 2012, Kanye West premiered a short film he directed, titled "Cruel Summer," at the Cannes Film Festival. According to MTV, Kid Cudi is the lead character, playing a "car thief who falls for a blind Arabian princess." The film was shown on seven different screens that turned on and off, giving various angles of each shot.


title: Kid Cudi

text: In October 2012, it was announced Cudi would star in an indie romantic comedy titled "Two Night Stand", alongside Analeigh Tipton and Miles Teller. Also in 2012, it was revealed Cudi would star in an indie thriller film titled "Tacoma", alongside Patricia Clarkson. In 2013, Cudi guest starred in the animated TV series "The Cleveland Show", voicing a character named Devon, in the Season 4 episode "Brownsized". In 2013, he also guest starred on the FOX comedy series "Brooklyn Nine-Nine", where he played a criminal named Dustin Whitman. In 2013, it was revealed Cudi would then star in "Goodbye World", alongside Adrian Grenier.


title: Kid Cudi

text: In January 2013, Cudi was cast in the film adaptation of "Need for Speed". "Need for Speed", which is Cudi's feature film debut, was released by Touchstone Pictures on March 14, 2014. In June 2013, it was revealed Cudi would appear in Mark Webber's film "The Ever After", alongside Teresa Palmer and Melissa Leo. On November 10, 2014, Cudi guest starred on the CBS American television series "Scorpion", as Peyton Temple, a musical prodigy who created a controversial algorithm that generates the perfect hit pop song, who later helps Scorpion investigate the murder of his friend who was a music industry blogger. In February 2014, it was announced Cudi would appear in "Entourage" (2015), the film adaptation of the popular HBO TV series of the same name.


title: Kid Cudi

text: On April 11, 2014, it was announced Cudi would star in a film titled "James White", alongside Christopher Abbott and Cynthia Nixon. In addition to starring in the film, it was revealed Cudi would also be curating the film's score as well. In January 2015, Cudi revealed he played a homosexual character in "James White": "This was way different than anything else I've ever done. It was dope to do that. I felt like I had a responsibility to present a different walk in life from that world." Although his character's sexuality is not outwardly discussed during the film, the original script included a coming-out scene and a kiss between Cudi and a male friend, played by David Call: "I didn't flinch. I'm secure with mine," Cudi told an audience after the film's premiere. "I'm an artist—it's all about playing characters that are intriguing and stimulating."


title: Kid Cudi

text: Also in January 2015, Cudi revealed he had just finished filming a movie titled "Vincent-N-Roxxy", alongside Zoe Kravitz and Emile Hirsch. When speaking on "Vincent-N-Roxxy", Cudi said: "this movie that I have coming out soon that's my first villain role. It's very violent and very disturbing [...] I play kind of like a drug lord." Cudi took over the mic duties for Reggie Watts, on IFC's television series, "Comedy Bang! Bang!" on July 10, 2015. As the in-house disc jockey, Cudi crafted original music for the show and appeared in several skits throughout season four. The December 10 Christmas edition of "Comedy Bang! Bang!", marked the season finale and Cudi's final episode as bandleader.


title: Kid Cudi

text: In July 2016, it was announced Cudi would join the cast of FOX's "Empire", debuting in the third season of the series as "an independent musician who is a rival to Hakeem (Bryshere "Yazz" Gray) both in the studio and in life." Cudi later left the project due to creative differences. In 2017, Cudi appeared in the comedy film "Killing Hasselhoff".


title: Kid Cudi

text: In 2019, Cudi had small roles in "Drunk Parents", directed by Fred Wolf, and "Jexi" directed by Jon Lucas and Scott Moore, the latter of which he played himself. That year he also had a recurring role in sci-fi western and dystopian series "Westworld".


title: Kid Cudi

text: In 2020, he co-starred in "Bill & Ted Face the Music", directed by Dean Parisot, opposite Keanu Reeves and Alex Winter. In 2020, Cudi also starred in "We Are Who We Are", an eight-episode miniseries for HBO directed by Luca Guadagnino, alongside Chloë Sevigny. In January 2021, Cudi revealed he would potentially be partnering with TV producer and fellow American rapper 50 Cent, for an upcoming series. In 2021, Cudi served as a executive producer on the award winning drama film "Malcolm & Marie".


title: Kid Cudi

text: In early 2021, Kid Cudi appeared in "Crisis", directed by Nicholas Jarecki. In late 2021, Cudi appeared in the ensemble cast of "Don't Look Up", where he also performed an original song for the film alongside fellow American singer Ariana Grande. Cudi starred in Ti West's slasher film X, released in March 2022 to critical acclaim. Soon after, it was announced that Cudi was cast in his "X" co-star Brittany Snow's directorial debut, "September 17". Cudi is also set to star in Disney's upcoming sci-fi film "Crater," which will be released exclusively on the streaming service, Disney+.


title: Kid Cudi

text: Later in March, Cudi revealed he would be making his feature directorial debut with the Netflix film, "Teddy", a project he's also written and in which he'll star. Cudi announced the news in a social media post, noting that he'd been working on the project since 2013. Musicians Jay-Z and Jeymes Samuel will serve as executive producers, while being co-produced by Bron Studios and Cudi's Mad Solar banner.


title: Kid Cudi

text: In April 2022, Cudi was cast in the John Woo-directed action-thriller "Silent Night", starring alongside Joel Kinnaman. Moreover, as announced in 2019, Cudi starred in his own animated TV special, "Entergalactic", at Netflix, a companion piece to his eighth solo album of the same name, release on September 30, 2022, in which he co-produced with Kenya Barris, and wrote alongside Ian Edelman and Maurice Williams. In June 2022, the voice cast was announced; Cudi stars alongside Timothée Chalamet, Macaulay Culkin, Laura Harrier, Jessica Williams, and more.


title: Kid Cudi

text: Cudi's musical style has been described as "an atmospheric take on melodic rap, with a dollop of charming, off-key singing". He has also been called "introspective, with the ability to lay his insecurities on record and expose his fallibility." In 2015, Kris Ex of "Billboard", wrote "he's always been an emotional artist, dealing with expansive and nebulous feelings in acute and often destructive ways." Kid Cudi's sound is what inspired and led Kanye West to create his cathartic "808s & Heartbreak" (2008), with West later stating that he and Cudi were "the originators of the style, kinda like what Alexander McQueen is to fashion... Everything else is just Zara and H&M." West also complimented Cudi by saying, "His writing is just so pure and natural and important." In March 2014, Cudi talked about wanting to provide guidance for young listeners with his music: "my mission statement since day one [...] all I wanted to do was help kids not feel alone, and stop committing suicide."In a 2013 article for "The BoomBox", the author wrote: "On ["A Kid Named Cudi"], Cudi raps and croons over samples and interpolations of Gnarls Barkley, Paul Simon, Band of Horses, J Dilla, Nosaj Thing, N.E.R.D. and Outkast. He melded indie rock, electronica and dubstep seamlessly with hip-hop without pandering or reaching. Before Drake broke through with 2009's "So Far Gone", rapping and singing over Swedish indie poppers Lykke Li and Peter Bjorn and John, Cudi tweaked with multi-genre covers and seamless transitions between singing and rapping." In a 2009 interview with HipHopDX, when speaking on his debut album Cudi stated: "Well one thing I wanted to do was combine sounds that really bring out intense moods."


title: Kid Cudi

text: His music has also been described as trip hop. Furthermore, he is known for harmonizing and humming in his music, which helps formulate his signature sound. On 2012's "WZRD" and 2015's "Speedin' Bullet 2 Heaven", Cudi incorporated the use of screamed vocals, and can be heard yodeling on his 2016 album "Passion, Pain & Demon Slayin'". Throughout the years he has also incorporated elements of psychedelia, R&B, electronica, synthpop, punk and grunge, in his music.


title: Kid Cudi

text: Cudi was gifted a guitar by his manager in 2011, encouraging Cudi to learn. Cudi taught himself how to play the guitar and went on to utilize the instrument in his rock music throughout his career. Cudi is also a self-taught music producer. In 2021, Cudi appeared on American TV talk show "The Shop", where he spoke on his writing and recording process. Cudi mentioned for his early albums he would sit down and write entire verses. However, while working on "Kids See Ghosts" and "Man on the Moon III", he adopted Kanye West's writing process. Instead of writing to a beat, he records a reference track for himself, where he freestyles and hums his way through the beat to get a melody, and fills in the lyrics as they come to him. In 2021, during "Songwriter's Roundtable" for "The Hollywood Reporter", Cudi called his music "space punk rock".


title: Kid Cudi

text: During his 2013 Cud Life concert tour, Cudi donned a custom made astronaut-esque suit that was designed by noted Hollywood costume designer Jose Hernandez. Officially dubbed the "Satellite Academy Space Suit", Joe La Puma of "Complex" explained, "It's more than just an interesting clothing choice; the suit represents a transition in his mind-state back to the highly anticipated "Man on the Moon III"."


title: Kid Cudi

text: Cudi's earliest influences include alternative hip hop groups such as the Pharcyde, A Tribe Called Quest and Bone Thugs-n-Harmony. Cudi also cites rappers such as the Notorious B.I.G., Tupac, Jay-Z, Snoop Dogg, Run-DMC, Kurtis Blow, LL Cool J, Salt-N-Pepa, Queen Latifah, Kid 'n Play, N.W.A., Naughty By Nature, Onyx and Public Enemy, as his hip hop influences while growing up. Speaking to "Complex" in 2012, Cudi named named "Doggystyle" as one of his favorite albums of all time, revealing, “Snoop Dogg is my favorite rapper ever, so this album is one of those things that I had to put on a list. It was the first time I was introduced to the man and I thought he was the coolest motherfucker alive. His whole cadence, his delivery, his swag—it was real. It was something that I never heard before.” Cudi has also credited fellow Ohio native Camu Tao, as an influence. He has also been inspired by the sounds of the O'Jays, Ratatat, MGMT and The Postal Service. In 2010, he began experimenting with rock music; rock acts that inspired Cudi include the Electric Light Orchestra, Jimi Hendrix, Nirvana, the Pixies and Pink Floyd. Kid Cudi also credits English singer-songwriter David Bowie as a "huge inspiration." Production wise, Cudi has named Dr. Dre, Swizz Beatz, Timbaland and Kanye West, as his top four favorite producers; also naming Emile Haynie and Plain Pat, calling them "geniuses" for seeing his potential before he was even completely aware of it.


title: Kid Cudi

text: In September 2009, Japanese clothing company BAPE printed Cudi's likeness on T-shirts. As of 2014, he has had five t-shirt collaborations with BAPE. In 2021, Cudi and BAPE collaborated on a series 20 pieces logos and other things.


title: Kid Cudi

text: In February 2011, Kid Cudi announced a collaboration with Parisian brand Surface to Air. In the fall of 2011, he released a leather jacket collection in collaboration with the fashion label..


title: Kid Cudi

text: In February 2019, Kid Cudi partnered with French fashion brand A.P.C.. The capsule collection included denim, sneakers, and t-shirts.


title: Kid Cudi

text: Kid Cudi announced a partnership with Adidas in March 2019. On December 10, 2020, Cudi unveiled his Adidas sneakers. They are the self-named VADAWAM 326's which would be released on December 17, 2020.


title: Kid Cudi

text: On May 20, 2020, Kid Cudi announced he was partnering with American designer Virgil Abloh, to release an exclusive "Leader of the Delinquents" t-shirt. The design on the black and white "PULLING STRINGS" t-shirt features Kid Cudi puppeteering a smaller version of himself, hence the name of the t-shirt release. The art is meant to reference Cudi's infamous TMZ moment from 2012, in which he posed like the puppet on the shirt. "Leader of the Delinquents" is written across the back of the t-shirt in text reminiscent of Jean-Michel Basquiat's handwriting.


title: Kid Cudi

text: Just hours before releasing his long-awaited "Man on the Moon III" album, Cudi rolled out a small batch of merchandise in support of the album. The range was made in collaboration with Cactus Plant Flea Market, and consists of short- and long-sleeve T-shirts, pullover hoodies, and sweatpants—all of which feature graphics that reference MOTM3 tracks.


title: Kid Cudi

text: In April 2021, Kid Cudi performed on "Saturday Night Live" wearing a floral-print sundress, created by Virgil Abloh. On April 11, Cudi confirmed that he would have an upcoming collection with Italian luxury fashion label Off-White, with the floral dress serving as one of the pieces.


title: Kid Cudi

text: In late April 2021, it was revealed Kid Cudi had teamed up with the NFL to release a limited-edition Starter jacket commemorating the 2021 NFL Draft, which took place in Cudi's hometown of Cleveland.


title: Kid Cudi

text: On January 26, 2021, Kid Cudi announced on Twitter that he would be starting his own clothing line and the first pieces would be available sometime in 2021. In February 2022, Cudi launched his very own clothing line called MOTR; pronounced “motor”, it is a acronym for “Members of the RAGE.” The clothing line is described as a fusion of "90s grunge with the soul of hip hop and


title: Kid Cudi

text: elements from a distant future." Its UFO logo was co-designed by Cudi and Japanese fashion designer Nigo, while the retro-inspired website was designed by Cudi himself. The first piece that was issued was a t-shirt created in collaboration with Nigo's Human Made. Created for NBA All-Star Weekend, the shirt comes in white and features the MOTR logo in Cleveland Cavaliers colors and the Earth replaced with a basketball. On September 21, 2022, Cudi announced that his MOTR fashion line, will debut at Paris Fashion Week 2023.


title: Kid Cudi

text: In 2010, Cudi modeled for a campaign run by American fashion house Calvin Klein. In January 2015, Coach, Inc. announced Kid Cudi as the new face of their brand, along with actress Chloë Grace Moretz, to front its Spring campaign. In September 2021, Cudi partnered with Cadillac, for the campaign for their 2023 Lyriq. In January 2022, Cudi modeled for the Levi Strauss & Co. campaign titled "The Number That Changed Everything." In March 2022, Cudi was featured in a jewelry-focused campaign from French fashion house Louis Vuitton. The LV Volt campaign sees Cudi, Alicia Vikander and Jin Chen, modeling a range of pieces from the unisex collection.


title: Kid Cudi

text: Dream On was an American record label founded in 2009, by Cudi alongside his managers at the time, Patrick Reynolds and Emile Haynie. In February 2011, Cudi announced the label had been dissolved. The label went on to release the first two installments of Cudi's "Man on the Moon" series.


title: Kid Cudi

text: Wicked Awesome Records is an American record label founded by Cudi in 2011. It is distributed by Republic Records. In a 2013 interview Cudi said "Wicked Awesome was there officially when I did "WZRD." That was the first project that I did on Wicked Awesome and it was an outlet for me to just branch out on my own, and creatively and business-wise take things to a different space for me. Wicked Awesome..where do I see it going? Right now it's just the music but who knows? Wicked Awesome is maybe gunna be beyond music it could be movies, it could be a lot of things, producing T.V. shows. Just the name I think is really dope it has a ring to it." Cudi continued, explaining the motivation behind his label. "The whole motivation is just bringing authenticity back to the forefront. Bringing real content, bringing real emotion [...] Wicked Awesome is about being a real human being, making real music, talking about real things that people deal with on a day-to-day basis." In January 2021, Cudi tweeted that he is prepared to sign artists and producers.


title: Kid Cudi

text: On November 17, 2020, it was revealed Cudi teamed with Dennis Cummings and Karina Manashil to found production and music management company Mad Solar, with the backing of Bron Studios, which provides corporate back office and production support, including financing, marketing, and sales. In a statement Cudi said, "Beyond excited to be launching my production company Mad Solar and partnering with Bron, whose creative vision and storytelling has transformed the industry." When speaking on the collaboration, Bron chairman Aaron L. Gilbert said "Scott Mescudi's growth as a creative and an entrepreneur has been impressive. For Bron, the strategic relationship with Mad Solar is key in our efforts to support the entertainment industry's top creatives, as well as expand Bron's access to the best in class music and sports talent through Mad Solar's management division."


title: Kid Cudi

text: On December 9, it was announced Mad Solar banner is developing a film adaptation of the coming-of-age campus novel "Real Life", with Cudi set to star. Bron Studios acquired the rights to the 2020 Booker Prize-shortlisted novel with Mad Solar. "Real Life" is the semi-autobiographical novel debut for writer Brandon Taylor. It follows an introverted, queer, Black scientist in a predominantly white, Midwestern PhD program as he navigates complex friendships, romantic relationships, betrayals and mercies, all over the course of one weekend. Mad Solar is also producing the upcoming Netflix animated series "Entergalactic", which Cudi co-created alongside Kenya Barris. Based on original music by Cudi, the series, which Cudi writes, executive produces and stars in, follows a young man on his journey to discover love. Additionally, Mad Solar has teamed with A24 and Bron Studios on the horror film "X." Written and directed by Ti West, "X" stars Mia Goth, Cudi and Jenna Ortega. Cudi is an executive producer on the film, which will begin production early 2021.


title: Kid Cudi

text: In October 2020, it was announced Cudi teamed with screenwriter Ian Edelman and startup veteran Jonathan Gray to launch Encore Studio, a mobile-based platform to help artists monetize their connections with fans. "The current streaming model puts artists in competition with one another and only rewards the top 1% of artists who collect 90% of the money," a press release announcing the app explains. "Encore offers an all-new format that encourages collaboration amongst artists and makes it easy for up-and-coming and established artists to manage and grow a direct relationship with their fans. Artists can drop new music, chat with fans and host live shows from anywhere in the world." Encore enables live music experiences through smart phones, fan interaction, community centered content and merchandise offerings to give fans new ways to reward the artists they love. "The energy from a concert is undeniable, both for the fans and artists. I am excited to launch Encore to help bring the live music experience back to our fans. Encore is committed to empowering both established and new artists and delivering the best mobile music experience out there," Cudi says. Earlier in 2020, Encore closed a $2 million seed round led by global investment firm Battery Ventures.


title: Kid Cudi

text: In 2022, it was revealed Encore Studio was backed by $9 million funding led by Battery Ventures along with investments from 468 Capital, Parade Ventures, Nomad Ventures, Moving Capital, Kayak Ventures, and Gaingels, with Cudi issuing a statement "My number one priority has always been inspiring others and providing them the space to tell their own stories in an authentic and meaningful way," Cudi said in a press release. "We created Encore as a space for artists to share their art, build community, while also being able to pay their rent."


title: Kid Cudi

text: In September 2022, Cudi revealed that he had begun working on his memoir, when he announced he’s started writing the first chapter of his first book. "Started writing the first chapter of my book. Its comin together really well," Cudi wrote on Twitter. "Tellin my story in my own words is scary, but I feel like it needs to be told. I feel like everything will make a lil more sense as to why you all met such a troubled boy in the beginning."


title: Kid Cudi

text: In his early career, Kid Cudi received criticism in the hip hop community for wearing skinny jeans, before they became trendy after being worn by mainstream rappers, such as Lil Wayne and Kanye West. Cudi made headlines when he wore a kilt to a 2010 New Year's Eve party in Miami. In April 2012, he made headlines again in a now-infamous moment when he gave "TMZ" paparazzi the finger, claiming they have never "posted anything to make him look good".


title: Kid Cudi

text: In 2014, Cudi made headlines when he performed in a crop top at the annual Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival. In April 2021, he appeared as the sole musical guest on "Saturday Night Live", where he performed "Tequila Shots" and "Sad People". Both performances were in tribute to Nirvana's late frontman Kurt Cobain, however it was his performance of "Sad People" that made headlines because Cudi wore a dress as a statement against social norms much like his idol Cobain had done.


title: Kid Cudi

text: In September 2021, Cudi made headlines twice; first arriving at New York Fashion Week with electric blue hair, a Nirvana long-sleeve tee and a floor-length black skirt. A few days later, Cudi showed up to the Met Gala wearing fluorescent green hair and dark eye makeup. At the Gala, Cudi was in head-to-toe Louis Vuitton (LV), with a blue sweater, another floor-length skirt and blue-and-green LV sneakers.


title: Kid Cudi

text: On November 10, 2021, Kid Cudi posed for photos at the CFDA Fashion Awards in a custom bridal gown, standing hand-in-hand with its designer, ERL's Eli Russell Linnetz, lace-gloved fingers interlocked, both wearing "American Gothic" expressions. On the red carpet, Linnetz lifted Cudi's veil. "Be yourself, be free, baby, yeah," Cudi said into a microphone, with a grin; he'd paired the dress with a white tux jacket, crystal-covered sneakers, grungy eyeliner, an icy Black Jesus pendant, and Manic Panic-pink hair. The dress was another homage to Kurt Cobain.


title: Kid Cudi

text: In a January 2013 interview, Cudi revealed that he had stopped smoking marijuana in 2011, both for the sake of his child and due to frustration with constantly being associated with the drug and stoner culture.


title: Kid Cudi

text: In a March 2013 interview, Cudi talked about how his initial sudden and unexpected fame drove him to alcohol and drugs:


title: Kid Cudi

text: In a 2013 interview, Cudi revealed he had suffered an addiction to anti-depressant medication, which had been prescribed to help him deal with an "emotional breakdown" after a failed relationship. Cudi has been open about his addiction to pharmaceuticals in his music, namely the songs "Dr. Pill" and "The Nothing". In a 2014 interview, Cudi spoke on his struggles with depression and suicidal ideation: "I've dealt with suicide for the past five years. There wasn't a week or a day that didn't go by where I was just like, 'You know, I wanna check out.' I know what that feels like, I know it comes from loneliness, I know it comes from not having self-worth, not loving yourself."


title: Kid Cudi

text: In a July 2016 interview, Kid Cudi revealed he suffered from survivor guilt: "I didn't like that I had money and success and I had made it. Everybody I had ever met in my life, good people, weren't able to experience the same, and I wasn't able to truly enjoy my success. Even though I worked hard for it, it bothered me that I had just had so much and my friends didn't."


title: Kid Cudi

text: In October 2016, Cudi revealed on his Facebook page that he had checked himself into rehabilitation for depression and suicidal urges. In a August 2022 interview with "Esquire", Cudi spoke on how two weeks after being admitted to rehab in 2016, he had suffered a stroke, revealing the incident forced him to spend the next few months in physical rehabilitation.


title: Kid Cudi

text: On March 26, 2010, Cudi's daughter, Vada Wamwene Mescudi, was born. Throughout 2012, Cudi was in a custody battle over his daughter. Reports surfaced that Cudi gave up custody after his child's mother accused him of being an absentee father, as well as having violent tendencies and a "long history of consistent drug and alcohol abuse." These claims were disputed by Cudi and his attorney in a statement, which noted: "Cudi did not give up custody but reached an amicable agreement with the mother; that 'both parents are fit and proper persons to have custody of their child,' as stated in the final custody judgment; results came back negative for drugs in a drug test voluntarily taken by Cudi; and that the court acknowledged Cudi attempted to establish a relationship and visit his child since her birth and "voluntarily provided financial support, including child support, rent and other monthly payments, for his daughter since her birth until the time that a child support order was entered as part of the normal course of the case." Details of the official custody agreement remain private. Cudi has since purchased a property in Chicago to be close to his daughter.


title: Kid Cudi

text: In 2009, Cudi began dating entertainment attorney Jamie Baratta. They were in an on-again, off-again relationship, and were a prominent couple in the music industry. They ultimately broke up in 2012, but not before Cudi dedicated a song to her titled "Teleport 2 Me, Jamie", which he recorded as a member of the alternative rock duo, WZRD. In 2020, Cudi wrote "Sept. 16", a song titled after the birthdate of his girlfriend at the time, costume designer and actress Raquel Deriane, to whom the song is dedicated.


title: Kid Cudi

text: In a January 2013 interview, Cudi said that he believes in God, although considers himself spiritual but not religious.


title: Kid Cudi

text: On April 8, 2014, Didi Hirsch Mental Health Services announced that it would recognize mental health advocates Kid Cudi, Ronda Rousey and Natasha Tracy, during its annual Erasing the Stigma Leadership Awards on April 24, at the Beverly Hilton in Los Angeles. Committed to helping depressed and suicidal youth through the power of music, Cudi joined Didi Hirsch's Erasing the Stigma Efforts as a Mental Health Ambassador.


title: Kid Cudi

text: On February 7, 2015, Kid Cudi partnered with TED to give a TED Talk at his former school, Shaker Heights High School, to help inspire the students with his story, for the school's independently organized "TEDxSHHS" conference.


title: Kid Cudi

text: Kid Cudi has also been a volunteer for Musicians on Call (MOC), a charity with the mission of bringing live and recorded music to the bedsides of patients in healthcare facilities. In December 2015, Cudi arranged a dance party for the teenage participants of the Children's Hospital At Montefiore's (CHAM) B-N-Fit program, in the Bronx. Kid Cudi also hosted a group of young patients and their families from CHAM, at his sold-out Roseland Ballroom shows in April 2016.


title: Kid Cudi

text: In June 2016, 49 celebrities, including Kid Cudi, honored the 49 victims killed in the Orlando nightclub shooting in a video tribute.


title: Kid Cudi

text: In 2019, Kid Cudi teamed up with delivery service Postmates to deliver $10,000 worth of Popeyes takeout to the Coachella Valley Rescue Mission. Hundreds in need at the Indio shelter were presented with Popeyes' chicken, biscuits, mashed potatoes, and fries the evening before Cudi's second set at Coachella.


title: Kid Cudi

text: In June 2022, at an event organized by Tory Burch, Brent Saunders, and Anna Wintour, supporting the New York-Presbyterian Hospital’s Youth Anxiety Center, Cudi led the conversation on youth anxiety, depression, and the importance of self-care and treatment.


title: Kid Cudi

text: A number of publications have noted Kid Cudi's impact on contemporary hip hop music since his mainstream debut in 2009. "IBTimes" writer Alex Garofaro states "Since the beginning of Cudi's career, his music has been extremely influential. His unique blend of dark, introspective lyrics, melancholy melody, psychedelic instrumentation and stoner cool made him a crossover sensation with rap, R&B and indie music fans alike." Luke Hinz of "HotNewHipHop" said "Cudi has inspired a generation of young artists to be unafraid to explore a wide array of emotions, and many have sought to adapt elements of Cudi's music into their own. Never caring to fit into the conventional boundaries of music, Cudi became a voice for those who felt unrepresented and alone."


title: Kid Cudi

text: In a 2015 article titled "KiD CuDi – A Forgotten Influence on Psychedelic Introspection in Hip-Hop", the author wrote "Cudi helped bring about a new era of electronic, psychedelic driven production. And his dark, drug-riddled approach to introspection has already taken hold in the up-and-comers in the hip-hop world." "Revolt" writer Preezy Brown noted "His knack for displaying vulnerability and addressing bouts with mental health has made him an inspiration for a long list of artists including Juice WRLD, Logic, Lil Yachty, and other leaders of the new school."


title: Kid Cudi

text: Eric Diep of "Complex" said "Cudi is an omnipresent figure in pop culture who has inspired many. He's a voice for young creatives who don't fit in. He's a therapeutic light for people who need a helping hand. He's a fashion icon. He's more than a cool cameo in television and movies, but a full-fledged actor." "Uproxx" stated "Compared to modern icons like Drake, West, and Wayne, Cudi doesn't have a boatload of sales, or a room full of accolades, but his weighty impact is reflected in adulation from the people, which is the intangible, everlasting achievement that most artists live for. He's one of the first artists to be unabashed about his depressive ruminations and did so in a melodically intriguing manner that progressed alternative rock aesthetics into the hip-hop world one cadence at a time."


title: Kid Cudi

text: Paul Thompson of "Rolling Stone" wrote Cudi has "dozens of stylistic children". Several artists have gone on to credit Kid Cudi as influence or inspiration, such as rappers Kanye West, Travis Scott, Kendrick Lamar, Schoolboy Q, Chance the Rapper, Childish Gambino, Logic, ASAP Rocky, ASAP Nast, Allan Kingdom, Kyle, Isaiah Rashad, Raury, Key!, Denzel Curry, Kevin Abstract, Saba and Jaden Smith, as well as singers Willow Smith, Jhene Aiko, Lissie and Tinashe, among others.


title: Kid Cudi

text: In 2009, Canadian recording artist Drake shared his admiration for Cudi on Twitter with a picture of him holding both his and Cudi's respective projects, stating "We are rarely proud when we are alone. But to have another artist who pushes me and inspires me is a blessing."


title: Kid Cudi

text: In a 2010 interview with "Billboard", Kanye West called Cudi his "personal favorite artist in the world right now. His whole take on the game is just unfiltered, uncensored artistry." In 2016, Kanye West went on to call Cudi "the most influential artist of the past 10 years".


title: Kid Cudi

text: West Coast hip hop duo Audio Push have also praised Cudi, in 2016, saying "The thing I love about Cudi is he's unapologetically real. He birthed so much of, not even the new generation of artists, but a lot of [your] favorite artists wouldn't be [your] favorite artists if it wasn't for Cudi." In November 2016, Atlanta-based rapper OG Maco, who has cited Cudi as a major influence on several occasions, released an EP titled "For Scott", as a tribute to Kid Cudi.


title: Kid Cudi

text: In October 2018, American musician and high-profile producer Pharrell Williams, spoke on his collaborations with Cudi in an interview with "Complex," saying: "He's so inspiring, and I'm only as good as my collaborations anyway. I love the stuff that we did. Love, love [...] So to me, Cudi is a GOAT. His melodies and his concepts—he's a timeless alien." In another interview with "Complex", Williams also stated "When they say Cudi is the [greatest of all time], they're talking about the consistency of his convictions and how that's played out into the choices that he makes, the taste that he has, and the tone that he takes with everything that he does. That's my idea of Cudi."


title: Kid Cudi

text: American comedian and actor Pete Davidson, who called Cudi "the best musician that's ever lived" in a 2019 interview on "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon", has also shared his own struggles with his mental health and claims Cudi's music has saved his life. Travis Scott, whose stage name is derived from Cudi's first name, has also claimed Cudi's music saved his life and has a tattoo of the word "rager" in honor of Cudi. American musician 070 Shake shared with "Pigeons & Planes", "All my life I grew up listening to […] Kid Cudi. I've cried to their music. They've definitely changed my life, and saved me from a lot of stuff." Brockhampton's Kevin Abstract has said "I love how he incorporated melody into his raps," Kevin explained. "A kid like me would say, like, Kid Cudi saved my life."


title: Kid Cudi

text: American rapper Logic, who has interpolated Kid Cudi's records in his own songs, has also spoke about how Cudi's music inspired him to open up about mental health in his own music. "He was the dude that was like, 'It's okay to be sad. It's okay to talk about these things, and go through these things.'" In a 2019 interview, then-up-and-coming rapper Baby Keem, cited Cudi as a major influence: "I was inspired by Cudi's cadences and shit like that. Kid Cudi's one of my favorite artists."


title: Kid Cudi

text: In an interview with New York City radio station Hot 97, Jaden Smith spoke on Cudi's influence on him: "Cudi would always say things that just would, like, change my life [...] I thought it was just me and my brother for a while. Then I got older and started going to festivals and then I realized, oh man, everybody has felt that from Cudi. Everybody says that Cudi saved their life. ... Everybody had that same experience listening to Cudi. If someone listened to Cudi, you knew something about them. You could tell certain things about them."


title: Kid Cudi

text: Kid Cudi has been featured in several feature films and television shows. He is often credited by his birth name Scott Mescudi.


title: D. B. Cooper

text: D. B. Cooper is a media epithet for an unidentified man who hijacked Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 305, a Boeing 727 aircraft operated by Northwest Orient Airlines, in United States airspace on November 24, 1971. During the flight from Portland, Oregon, to Seattle, Washington, the hijacker told a flight attendant he was armed with a bomb, demanded $200,000 in ransom, () and requested four parachutes upon landing in Seattle. After releasing the passengers in Seattle, the hijacker instructed the flight crew to refuel the aircraft and begin a second flight to Mexico City, with a refueling stop in Reno, Nevada. Approximately thirty minutes after taking off from Seattle, the hijacker opened the aircraft's aft door, deployed the staircase, and parachuted into the night over southwestern Washington. The hijacker was never identified, apprehended, or found.


title: D. B. Cooper

text: In 1980, a small portion of the ransom money was found along the banks of the Columbia River. The discovery of the money renewed public interest in the mystery but yielded no additional information about the hijacker's identity or fate, and the remaining money was never recovered. The hijacker identified himself as Dan Cooper but, because of a reporter's mistake, became known as "D. B. Cooper".


title: D. B. Cooper

text: For 45 years after the hijacking, the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) maintained an active investigation and built an extensive case file but ultimately did not reach any definitive conclusions. The crime remains the only unsolved case of air piracy in the history of commercial aviation. The FBI speculates Cooper did not survive his jump, for several reasons: the inclement weather on the night of the hijacking; Cooper's lack of proper skydiving equipment; his drop zone was a heavily wooded area; Cooper's apparent lack of detailed knowledge of his landing area; and the disappearance of the remaining ransom money, suggesting it was never spent. In July 2016, the FBI officially suspended active investigation of the NORJAK (Northwest hijacking) case, although reporters, enthusiasts, professional investigators, and amateur sleuths continue to pursue numerous theories for Cooper's identity, success, and fate.


title: D. B. Cooper

text: Cooper's hijacking—and several imitators in the following year—led to immediate and major changes for commercial aviation and stricter airport security measures. Metal detectors were installed, baggage inspection became mandatory, and passengers who paid cash for tickets on the day of departure were selected for additional scrutiny. 727s were retrofitted with eponymous "Cooper Vanes", specifically designed to prevent the aft staircase from being lowered in-flight. By 1973, aircraft hijacking incidents had decreased as the new security measures successfully dissuaded would-be hijackers whose only motive was money.


title: D. B. Cooper

text: On Thanksgiving Eve, November 24, 1971, a man carrying a black attaché case approached the flight counter of Northwest Orient Airlines at Portland International Airport. Using cash, the man bought a one-way ticket on , a thirty-minute trip north to "Sea-Tac" (Seattle–Tacoma International Airport). On his ticket, the man listed his name as "Dan Cooper". Eyewitnesses described Cooper as a white male in his mid-40s, with dark hair and brown eyes, wearing a black or brown business suit, a white shirt and a thin black tie, a black raincoat, and brown shoes. Carrying a briefcase and a brown paper bag, Cooper boarded Flight 305, a (FAA registration N467US). Cooper took seat 18-E in the last row, and ordered a drink: bourbon and 7-Up.


title: D. B. Cooper

text: With a crew of six and thirty-seven passengers aboard, Flight 305 left Portland on-schedule at 2:50 p.m. PST. Shortly after takeoff, Cooper handed a note to flight attendant Florence Schaffner, sitting in the jump seat directly behind Cooper. Assuming the note was a lonely businessman's phone number, Schaffner dropped the note unopened into her purse. Cooper then leaned toward her and whispered, "Miss, you'd better look at that note. I have a bomb."


title: D. B. Cooper

text: Schaffner opened the note. In neat, all-capital letters printed with a felt-tip pen, Cooper had written, "Miss—I have a bomb in my briefcase and want you to sit by me." Schaffner returned the note to Cooper, sat down as Cooper requested, and quietly asked to see the bomb. Cooper opened his briefcase, and Schaffner saw two rows of four red cylinders she assumed was dynamite. Attached to the cylinders was a wire and a large cylindrical battery.


title: D. B. Cooper

text: Cooper closed the briefcase, and told Schaffner his demands. Schaffner wrote a note with Cooper's demands, carried the note to the cockpit, and informed the flight crew of the situation. Captain Scott directed Schaffner to remain in the cockpit for the remainder of the flight and take notes of events as they unfolded. Scott then contacted Northwest Flight Operations in Minnesota, and relayed the hijacker's demands: "[Cooper] requests $200,000 in a knapsack by 5:00pm. He wants two front parachutes, two back parachutes. He wants the money in negotiable American currency."


title: D. B. Cooper

text: With Schaffner in the cockpit, flight attendant Tina Mucklow sat next to Cooper to act as a liaison between Cooper and the flight crew in the cockpit. Cooper then made additional demands: upon landing in Seattle, the fuel trucks must meet the plane and all passengers must remain seated while Mucklow brought the money aboard. After he had the money, said Cooper, he would release the passengers. The last items brought aboard would be the four parachutes.


title: D. B. Cooper

text: Captain William A. Scott informed Seattle–Tacoma Airport air traffic control (ATC) of the situation, and Sea-Tac ATC contacted local police and the FBI. The passengers were told their arrival in Seattle would be delayed because of a "minor mechanical difficulty". Donald Nyrop, the president of Northwest Orient, authorized payment of the ransom and ordered all employees to cooperate with the hijacker and comply with his demands. For approximately two hours, Flight 305 circled Puget Sound to give Seattle police and the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) sufficient time to assemble Cooper's ransom money and parachutes, and to mobilize emergency personnel.


title: D. B. Cooper

text: During the flight from Portland to Seattle, Cooper demanded flight attendant Mucklow remain by his side at all times. Mucklow said Cooper appeared familiar with the local terrain: while looking out the window, Cooper remarked, "Looks like Tacoma down there", as the aircraft flew above it. Cooper also correctly noted McChord Air Force Base was only a twenty-minute drive from Seattle-Tacoma Airport. Mucklow later described the hijacker's demeanor: "[Cooper] was not nervous. He seemed rather nice and he was not cruel or nasty."


title: D. B. Cooper

text: While the plane circled Seattle, Mucklow chatted with Cooper and asked why he picked Northwest Airlines to hijack. Cooper replied, "It's not because I have a grudge against your airlines, it's just because I have a grudge." Cooper then asked where Mucklow was from, and Mucklow said she was originally from Pennsylvania, but was living in Minneapolis at the time. Minnesota was very nice country, Cooper responded. Mucklow then asked Cooper where he was from, but he became upset and refused to answer. Cooper then asked Mucklow if she smoked and offered her a cigarette. Mucklow said she had quit, but accepted the cigarette from Cooper.


title: D. B. Cooper

text: FBI records note Cooper briefly spoke to an unidentified passenger while the plane maintained its holding pattern over Seattle. In his interview with FBI agents, passenger George Labissoniere said he visited the restroom directly behind Cooper on several occasions. After one restroom visit, Labissoniere said his path to his seat was blocked by a passenger wearing a cowboy hat, questioning Mucklow about the alleged mechanical issue with the aircraft. Labissoniere said Cooper was initially amused by the interaction, then became irritated and told the man to return to his seat, but "the cowboy" ignored Cooper and continued to question Mucklow. Labissoniere claimed he eventually persuaded "the cowboy" to return to his seat.


title: D. B. Cooper

text: Mucklow's version of the interaction differed from Labissoniere's. Mucklow said a passenger approached her, and asked for a sports magazine to read because he was bored. Mucklow and the passenger moved to an area directly behind Cooper, where she and the passenger looked for magazines. The passenger took a copy of "The New Yorker" and returned to his seat. When Mucklow returned to sit with Cooper, he said, "If that is a Sky Marshal, I don't want any more of that." Despite his brief interaction with Cooper, "the cowboy" was not interviewed by the FBI and was never identified.


title: D. B. Cooper

text: FBI agents used several banks in the Seattle area to assemble the ransom. The money—10,000 unmarked twenty-dollar bills, most of which had serial numbers beginning with "L" (indicating issuance by the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco)—was photographed on microfilm by the FBI. Cooper rejected the military-issue parachutes offered by McChord AFB personnel, and demanded four civilian parachutes with manually operated ripcords. Seattle police obtained the two front (reserve) parachutes from a local skydiving school and the two back (main) parachutes from a local stunt pilot.


title: D. B. Cooper

text: At approximately 5:24 PST, Captain Scott was informed the parachutes had been delivered to the airport, and notified Cooper they would soon be landing. At 5:46 PST, Flight 305 landed at Seattle-Tacoma Airport. Scott asked Cooper's permission—and Cooper agreed—to park the aircraft on a partially-lit runway, away from the main terminal. Cooper demanded only one representative of the airline could approach the plane with the parachutes and money, and the only entrance and exit would be through the aircraft's front door via the mobile air stairs. With the passengers remaining seated, a ground crew attached the mobile staircase. Per Cooper's directive, Mucklow exited the aircraft through the front door, and retrieved the ransom money. When Mucklow returned, she carried the money bag past the seated passengers to Cooper, seated in the last row.


title: D. B. Cooper

text: Cooper then agreed to release the passengers. As the passengers debarked, Cooper inspected the money. In an attempt to break the tension, Mucklow jokingly asked Cooper if she could have some of the money. Cooper readily agreed, handed Mucklow a packet of bills, but she immediately returned the money and explained accepting gratuities was against company policy. Mucklow said Cooper had tried to tip her and the other two flight attendants earlier in the flight with money from his own pocket, but they too had declined, citing the company policy.


title: D. B. Cooper

text: With the passengers safely debarked, only Cooper and the six crew members remained aboard Flight 305. In accordance with Cooper's demands, Mucklow made three trips outside the aircraft to retrieve the parachutes, and brought them to Cooper in the rear of the plane. While Mucklow brought aboard the parachutes, Schaffner asked Cooper if she could retrieve her purse, stored in a compartment behind his seat. Cooper agreed and told Schaffner, "I won't bite you." Flight attendant Alice Hancock then asked Cooper if the flight attendants could leave, to which Cooper replied, "Whatever you girls would like," so Hancock and Schaffner debarked. When Mucklow brought the final parachute to Cooper, she gave him printed instructions for using the parachutes, but Cooper said he didn't need them.


title: D. B. Cooper

text: A problem with the refueling process caused a delay, so a second truck, and then a third was brought to the aircraft to complete the refueling. During the delay, Mucklow said Cooper complained the money was delivered in a cloth bag instead of a knapsack as he'd directed, and he now had to improvise a new way to transport the money. Using a pocketknife, Cooper cut the canopy from one of the reserve parachutes, and stuffed some of the money into the empty parachute bag.


title: D. B. Cooper

text: An FAA official requested a face-to-face meeting with Cooper aboard the aircraft, but Cooper denied the request. Cooper became impatient, saying, "This shouldn't take so long", and, "Let's get this show on the road." Cooper then gave the cockpit crew his flight plan and directives: a southeast course toward Mexico City at the minimum airspeed possible without stalling the aircraft—approximately —at a maximum altitude. Cooper also specified the landing gear must remain deployed, the wing flaps must be lowered 15 degrees, and the cabin must remain unpressurized.


title: D. B. Cooper

text: First officer William J. Rataczak informed Cooper the flight configuration Cooper had specified limited the aircraft's range to approximately , so a second refueling would be necessary before entering Mexico. Cooper and the crew discussed options, and agreed on Reno–Tahoe International Airport as the refueling stop. Cooper further directed the aircraft take off with the rear exit door open and its airstair extended. Northwest's home office objected: leaving the aft staircase deployed during takeoff was unsafe. Cooper countered the procedure was safe, saying, "It can be done, do it," but Cooper did not argue the point and said he would lower the staircase once they were airborne. Cooper demanded Mucklow remain aboard to assist the operation.


title: D. B. Cooper

text: At approximately 7:40 p.m., Flight 305 took off, with only Cooper, Mucklow, Captain Scott, First Officer Rataczak, and Flight Engineer Harold E. Anderson aboard the aircraft. Two F-106 fighters from McChord Air Force Base and a Lockheed T-33 trainer—diverted from an unrelated Air National Guard mission—followed the 727. All three jets maintained "S" flight patterns to stay behind the slow-moving 727 and out of Cooper's view.


title: D. B. Cooper

text: After takeoff, Cooper told Mucklow to lower the aft staircase. Mucklow told Cooper and the flight crew she feared being sucked out of the aircraft. The flight crew suggested Mucklow come to the cockpit and retrieve an emergency rope with which she could tie herself to a seat. Cooper rejected the suggestion, stating he didn't want Mucklow going up front or the flight crew coming back to the cabin. Mucklow continued to express her fear to Cooper, and asked him to cut some cord from one of the parachutes to create a safety line for her. Cooper then told Mucklow he would lower the stairs himself, instructed Mucklow to go to the cockpit, to close the curtain partition (separating the Coach and First Class sections), and not to return.


title: D. B. Cooper

text: Before she left, Mucklow begged Cooper, "Please, please take the bomb with you." Cooper responded he would either disarm the bomb or take it with him. As Mucklow walked to the cockpit and turned to close the curtain partition, she saw Cooper standing in the aisle tying what appeared to be the money bag around his waist. From the moment of takeoff to when Mucklow entered the cockpit, only four to five minutes had elapsed. For the rest of the flight to Reno, Mucklow remained in the cockpit. Mucklow was the last person to see the hijacker.


title: D. B. Cooper

text: At approximately 8:00 p.m., a cockpit warning light flashed, indicating the aft staircase had been activated. The pilot used the cabin intercom to ask Cooper if he needed assistance, but Cooper's last message was a one-word reply: "No." Suddenly, the crew's ears popped: the cabin air pressure had dropped because the aft door was open. At approximately 8:13 p.m., the aircraft's tail section suddenly pitched upward, forcing the pilots to trim and return the aircraft to level flight. In his interview with the FBI, Co-Pilot Bill Rataczak said the sudden upward pitch occurred while the flight was near the suburbs north of Portland.


title: D. B. Cooper

text: With the aft cabin door open and the staircase deployed, the flight crew remained in the cockpit but were now unsure if Cooper was still aboard. Mucklow used the cabin intercom to inform Cooper they were approaching Reno, and he needed to raise the stairs so the plane could land safely. Mucklow repeated her requests as the pilots made the final approach to land, but neither Mucklow nor the flight crew received a reply from the hijacker.


title: D. B. Cooper

text: At 11:02 p.m., with the aft staircase still deployed, Flight 305 landed at Reno–Tahoe International Airport. FBI agents, state troopers, sheriff's deputies, and Reno police established a perimeter around the aircraft but, fearing the hijacker and the bomb were still aboard, did not approach the plane. Captain Scott searched the cabin, confirmed Cooper was no longer aboard, and after a thirty-minute search, an FBI bomb squad declared the cabin safe.


title: D. B. Cooper

text: In addition to 66 latent fingerprints aboard the airliner, FBI agents recovered Cooper's black clip-on tie, tie clip, and two of the four parachutes, one of which had been opened and had two shroud lines cut from the canopy. FBI agents interviewed eyewitnesses in Portland, Seattle, and Reno, and developed a series of composite sketches.