title: A Quiet Place Part II

text: In February 2021, Paramount announced that "A Quiet Place Part II" would become available on its streaming service Paramount+ 45 days after its theatrical release. "Deadline Hollywood" reported that it was "a clear sign that Paramount is committed to theatrical, but still open to the future of streaming." Before the COVID-19 pandemic, movie theater operators sought for films to be theatrically released for 90 days before being released on home media. As a result of the pandemic, Warner Bros. opted to release their 2021 slate of films on HBO Max the same day as in theaters, and Universal Pictures made its films available via video-on-demand 17 days after their theatrical releases. "Variety" reported, "Paramount's strategy may be received the most favorably among film exhibitors", with "A Quiet Place Part II" among Paramount's tentpole films having the 45-day frame and its other titles having a 30-day frame. "Boxoffice Pro" reported that the original film grossed 94% of its total of $188 million in the United States and Canada by its 45th day, which indicated that Paramount's "decision works more in favor of exhibitors than against."


title: A Quiet Place Part II

text: On March 4, 2021, director John Krasinski announced that the release date would be moved to May 28, 2021, which is the start of the Memorial Day holiday weekend in the United States. "Boxoffice Pro" wrote, "This marks the first time post-pandemic that a theatrically exclusive major studio tentpole has moved a planned release "up" by this many months rather than "back"." The publication also wrote that the film would be "the first live-action tentpole exclusively in theaters" since "Tenet" was released in August 2020.


title: A Quiet Place Part II

text: Earlier in the day of Krasinski's announcement, Universal Pictures had postponed the action film "F9" from late May 2021 to June 25, 2021. In the move-up process, Paramount postponed another of its films, "Infinite", from the May 28 release date. "Deadline Hollywood" reported that Paramount was encouraged to release "A Quiet Place Part II" earlier due to theaters reopening in New York City starting the weekend of March 5, 2021 and with plans for theaters in Los Angeles to also reopen in the near future.


title: A Quiet Place Part II

text: As a result of Paramount shortening the theatrical run from 90 days to 45, John Krasinski, Emily Blunt, and producers including Michael Bay whose compensation depends on box-office receipts, requested for the studio to compensate them for the shorter run.


title: A Quiet Place Part II

text: For its theatrical release on May 28, 2021, "A Quiet Place Part II" was released in in the United States and Canada.


title: A Quiet Place Part II

text: The film was also released in 12 other markets on its opening weekend, including China as a last-minute addition.


title: A Quiet Place Part II

text: "A Quiet Place Part II" grossed $160.1 million in the United States and Canada, and $137.3 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $297.4 million.


title: A Quiet Place Part II

text: Before "A Quiet Place Part II" was postponed from late March 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, "Boxoffice Pro" predicted the film would gross on its opening weekend, based on the first film's opening weekend () and the continued involvement of Emily Blunt and John Krasinski; but noted that the film would face competition from other titles such as "Mulan". In February, early industry tracking had the film debuting to around $55–60 million. "Deadline Hollywood"s Anthony D'Alessandro wrote, ""A Quiet Place Part II" is currently strong with females under 25, African Americans and Hispanic demos, but overall I hear it's strong with all quads."


title: A Quiet Place Part II

text: For its 2021 theatrical release, "Boxoffice Pro" forecast that the film would gross between $30 million and $50 million on its opening weekend in the United States and Canada, with a total gross between $75 million and $125 million. "IndieWire" wrote, "It has a core male audience that skews younger with minority moviegoers, along with strong interest and critical support", and predicted between $40 to $50 million. According to Fandango, US advance ticket sales were double the sales from the planned March 2020 release and also more than the sales for the first film in 2018. The film made $19.3 million on its first day, including $4.8 million from Thursday night previews, topping the $4.3 million preview figure of the first film; both grosses were the highest of the pandemic. It went on to debut to $48.3 million in its three-day opening weekend and a total of $58.5 million over the four day Memorial Day frame, topping the box office and marking the biggest opening weekend since "Sonic the Hedgehog" in February 2020. In its sophomore weekend the film grossed $19.5 million, finishing second, behind "". The film crossed the $100 million domestic mark on June 11, becoming the first film of the pandemic era to do so. In its third weekend the film regained the top spot, upsetting newcomer "In the Heights" with $12 million.


title: A Quiet Place Part II

text: "A Quiet Place Part II" received mostly positive reviews from film critics. "Screen Rant" wrote that critics liked the film and praised its "two-pronged story" and the introduction of Cillian Murphy's character. Meanwhile, "The Independent" wrote that critics were divided. The film review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes assessed reviews and determined of them to be positive, with an average rating of . The website's critics consensus reads, "A nerve-wracking continuation of its predecessor, "A Quiet Place Part II" expands the terrifying world of the franchise without losing track of its heart." According to review aggregator Metacritic, the film received "generally favorable reviews", with a weighted score of 71 out of 100 based on 57 critics. Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "A−" on an A+ to F scale, an improvement from the first film's B+ score. PostTrak reported 83% of audience members gave it a positive score, with 63% saying they would definitely recommend it.


title: A Quiet Place Part II

text: Peter Bradshaw of "The Guardian" gave the film 4 stars out of 5, stating, "This sequel from writer-director John Krasinski may not quite have all its focus and intimate horror, while the borrowings from "Alien", "Jurassic Park" and "Jaws" are admittedly more obvious this time around. But it’s a really effective and engrossing followup, with an absolutely sensational "prelude" sequence at the top of the movie, a barnstorming shocker equal to anything in "AQP1"." He also praised the performances of Millicent Simmonds and Cillian Murphy, stating that "Simmonds is an excellent performer: bold, confident and forthright, holding her own opposite the alpha-emoting presence of Murphy." Jeannette Catsoulis of "The New York Times" gave the film a positive review, stating, "...while this new installment is, like its predecessor, wonderfully acted and intuitively directed (by John Krasinski, who is solely responsible for the story this time around), it has also largely replaced the hushed horror of the original with full-on action. Faster, coarser and far noisier, "Part II" sacrifices emotional depth for thriller setups that do less to advance the plot than grow the younger characters", and, "Though in many respects an exemplary piece of filmmaking, "Part II" remains hobbled by a script that resolves two separate crises while leaving the movie itself in limbo." Justin Chang of "NPR" said that ""A Quiet Place Part II" [is] an unexpectedly resonant film for the present moment as this country slowly emerges from a crisis that—while surely less terrifying than an alien apocalypse—has revealed humanity at its best and its worst", and praised Krasinski's direction, saying, "Not being able to fall back on verbal exposition has forced Krasinski to become a ruthlessly efficient visual storyteller. It's often said that Alfred Hitchcock's movies are so sharply directed, you could turn the sound off and still follow the action—a truth that applies to these movies as well."


title: A Quiet Place Part II

text: "Bloody Disgusting" rated the film 3.5/5 and called it "a satisfying, worthwhile sequel". "The A.V. Club" gave it a B− and remarked that it was "a part two in the classic, traditional sense, echoing without quite amplifying the pleasures of its predecessor." io9 declared that the film was "a quintessential great sequel." Nick Allen of RogerEbert.com gave the film three out of four stars, criticizing Krasinski for not taking risks but praising its "incredibly robust and kinetic" action scenes.


title: A Quiet Place Part II

text: The series was given the Seal of Authentic Representation from the Ruderman Family Foundation for the portrayal of Regan Abbott by Millicent Simmonds, as an actor with a disability and at least five lines of dialogue. John Krasinski was given an Excellence in Directing prize by The Media Access Awards for a commitment to disability inclusion on the film.


title: A Quiet Place Part II

text: The film was released digitally and on Movies Anywhere on July 13, 2021, while 4K Ultra HD, Blu-ray, and DVD on July 27, 2021. It was also released on Paramount+ on July 13, 2021.


title: A Quiet Place Part II

text: In November 2020, Paramount Pictures hired Jeff Nichols to write and direct a spin-off based on an original idea from John Krasinski, who will produce. However, Nichols exited the project by October 2021. In January 2022, Michael Sarnoski joined production to replace Nichols as the writer and director. On April 28, 2022, Paramount announced that the film will be titled "A Quiet Place: Day One".


title: A Quiet Place Part II

text: Principal photography is scheduled to begin on January 2, 2023 in London. The film is scheduled to be released in the United States on March 8, 2024. It was originally set for September 22, 2023.


title: A Quiet Place Part II

text: In May 2021, Blunt revealed that Krasinski had plans for a third film. Acknowledging that he had wanted to see how the second installment was received before moving forward on the next film, she stated it is intended to be a trilogy. In July 2021, Blunt confirmed that Krasinski is working on a third installment, separate from the spin-off film, with intentions to once again serve as director. In February 2022, "A Quiet Place Part III" was officially announced with a scheduled release date in 2025.


title: A Quiet Place Part II

text: In October 2021, it was announced that a video game set within the same continuity as the film series is in development. The game will reportedly include an untold original story. The developers stated: "The "A Quiet Place" video game will let fans experience the tension of the films with a level of immersion they’ve never felt before." The project which will be published by Saber Interactive, is being created in collaboration by iLLOGIKA, EP1T0ME Studios Inc., and Paramount Pictures.


title: Statue of Unity

text: The Statue of Unity is the world's tallest statue, with a height of , located near Kevadia in the state of Gujarat, India. It depicts Indian statesman and independence activist Vallabhbhai Patel (1875–1950), who was the first deputy prime minister and home minister of independent India and an adherent of Mahatma Gandhi. Patel was highly respected for his leadership in uniting 562 princely states of India to form the single Union of India. The statue is located in Gujarat on the Narmada River in the Kevadiya colony, facing the Sardar Sarovar Dam southeast of the city of Vadodara.


title: Statue of Unity

text: The project was first announced in 2010, and construction started in October 2013 by Indian company Larsen & Toubro, with a total construction cost of ₹27 billion (US$ million). It was designed by Indian sculptor Ram V. Sutar and was inaugurated by the Prime Minister of India, Narendra Modi, on 31 October 2018, the 143rd anniversary of Patel's birth.


title: Statue of Unity

text: Narendra Modi announced the project on 7 October 2013 to mark the beginning of his tenth year as the chief minister of Gujarat.


title: Statue of Unity

text: A society named Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Rashtriya Ekta Trust (SVPRET) was formed under the chairmanship of the Chief Minister of Gujarat, to execute the project.


title: Statue of Unity

text: Statue of Unity Movement was started in 2013 to collect the iron needed for the statue by asking farmers to donate their used farming instruments. By 2016, a total of 135 metric tonnes of scrap iron had been collected and about 109 tonnes of it was used to make the foundation of the statue after processing. A marathon titled "Run For Unity" was held on 15 December 2013 in Surat and Vadodara in support of the project.


title: Statue of Unity

text: After studying statues of Patel across the country, a team of historians, artists, and academics chose a design submitted by the Indian sculptor Ram V. Sutar. The "Statue of Unity" is a larger version of a statue of the leader installed at Ahmedabad International Airport. Commenting on the design, Ram Sutar's son, Anil Sutar explains that, "the expression, posture and pose justify the dignity, confidence, iron will as well as kindness that his personality exudes. The head is up, a shawl flung from shoulders and hands are on the side as if he is set to walk". Three models of the design measuring , , and were initially created. Once the design of the largest model was approved, a detailed 3D-scan was produced which formed the basis for the bronze cladding cast in a foundry in China.


title: Statue of Unity

text: Patel's dhoti-clad legs and the use of sandals for footwear rendered the design thinner at the base than at the top thereby affecting its stability. This was addressed by maintaining a slenderness ratio of 16:19 rather than the customary 8:14 ratio of other tall buildings. The statue is built to withstand winds of up to and earthquakes measuring 6.5 on the Richter scale which are at a depth of 10 km and within a radius of 12 km of the statue. This is aided by the use of two 250 tonne tuned mass dampers ensuring maximum stability.


title: Statue of Unity

text: The total height of the structure is , with a base of and the statue measuring . The height of 182 metres was specifically chosen to match the number of seats in the Gujarat Legislative Assembly.


title: Statue of Unity

text: The "Statue of Unity" was built by a Public Private Partnership model, with most of the money coming from the Government of Gujarat. The Gujarat state government had allotted for the project in its budget from 2012 to 2015. In the 2014–15 Union Budget, was allocated for the construction of the statue. Funds were also contributed by Public Sector Undertakings under the Corporate Social Responsibility scheme.


title: Statue of Unity

text: A consortium comprising Turner Construction, Michael Graves and Associates and the Meinhardt Group supervised the project. The project took 57 months to complete – 15 months for planning, 40 months for construction and 2 months for handing over by the consortium. The total cost of the project was estimated to be about by the Government. The tender bids for the first phase were invited in October 2013 and were closed in November 2013.


title: Statue of Unity

text: Narendra Modi, then serving as the Chief Minister of Gujarat, laid the statue's foundation stone on 31 October 2013, the 138th anniversary of Patel's birth.


title: Statue of Unity

text: Indian infrastructure company Larsen & Toubro won the contract on 27 October 2014 for its lowest bid of for the design, construction and maintenance of the statue. L&T commenced the construction on 31 October 2014. In the first phase of the project, ₹1,347 crore was earmarked for the main statue, ₹235 crore for the exhibition hall and convention centre, ₹83 crore for the bridge connecting the memorial to the mainland and ₹657 crore for the maintenance of the structure for a duration of 15 years after its completion. The Sadhu Bet hillock was flattened from 70 metres to 55 metres to lay the foundation of the statue.


title: Statue of Unity

text: L&T employed over 3000 workers and 250 engineers in the statue's construction. The core of the statue used 210,000 cubic metres (7,400,000 cu ft) of cement and concrete, 6,500 tonnes of structural steel, and 18,500 tonnes of reinforced steel. The outer façade is made up of 1,700 tonnes of bronze plates and 1,850 tonnes of bronze cladding which in turn consists of 565 macro and 6000 micro panels. The bronze panels were cast in Jiangxi Tongqing Metal Handicrafts Co. Ltd (the TQ Art foundry) in China as facilities large enough for such casting were unavailable in India. The bronze panels were transported over sea and then by road to a workshop near the construction site where they were assembled.


title: Statue of Unity

text: Local tribals belonging to the Tadvi tribe opposed the land acquisition for the development of tourism infrastructure around the statue. Around 300 activists were arrested ahead of unveiling of the statue. People of Kevadia, Kothi, Waghodia, Limbdi, Navagam, and Gora villages opposed the construction of the statue and demanded the restitution of the land rights over of land acquired earlier for the dam as well as for the formation of a new Garudeshwar subdistrict. They also opposed the formation of Kevadia Area Development Authority (KADA) and the construction of the Garudeshwar weir-cum-causeway project. The government of Gujarat accepted most of their demands.


title: Statue of Unity

text: Construction of the monument was completed in mid-October 2018; and the inaugural ceremony was held on 31 October 2018 (143rd birth anniversary of Vallabhbhai Patel), and was presided over by Prime Minister Narendra Modi. The statue has been described as a tribute to Indian engineering skills.


title: Statue of Unity

text: The "Statue of Unity" is the world's tallest statue at . It rises higher than the previous record holder, the Spring Temple Buddha in China's Henan province. The previous tallest statue in India was the tall statue of Lord Hanuman at the Paritala Anjaneya Temple near Vijayawada in the state of Andhra Pradesh. The statue can be seen within a radius.


title: Statue of Unity

text: The monument is constructed on a river island named Sadhu Bet, away from and facing the Narmada Dam downstream. The statue and its surroundings occupy more than , and are surrounded by a long artificial lake formed by the Garudeshwar weir downstream on the Narmada river.


title: Statue of Unity

text: The statue is divided into five zones of which only three are accessible to the public. From its base to the level of Patel's shins is the first zone which has three levels and includes the exhibition area, mezzanine and roof. The first zone also contains a memorial garden and a museum. The second zone reaches up to Patel's thighs, while the third extends up to the viewing gallery at a height of 153 metres. The fourth zone is the maintenance area while the final zone comprises the head and shoulders of the statue.


title: Statue of Unity

text: The museum in the first zone catalogues the life of Sardar Patel and his contributions. An adjoining audio-visual gallery provides a 15-minute long presentation on Patel and also describes the tribal culture of the state. The concrete towers which form the statue's legs contain two elevators each. Each lift can carry 26 people at a time to the viewing gallery in just over 30 seconds. The gallery is located at a height of and can hold up to 200 people.


title: Statue of Unity

text: Over 128,000 tourists visited the statue in the 11 days after its opening to the public on 1 November 2018. The daily average tourist footfall at "Statue of Unity" during November 2019 reached 15,036, outpacing the Statue of Liberty (which attracts around 10,000 daily visitors on average). It has been included in the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation’s ‘8 Wonders of SCO’ list. In its first year of operation, the "Statue of Unity" attracted visitors and collected in ticket revenue. By 15 March 2021, tourists visited the venue. It was visited by one crore (10 million) people by November 2022.


title: Luke Perry

text: Coy Luther "Luke" Perry III (October 11, 1966 – March 4, 2019) was an American actor. He became a teen idol for playing Dylan McKay on the Fox television series "Beverly Hills, 90210" from 1990 to 1995, and again from 1998 to 2000. He also starred as Fred Andrews on the CW series "Riverdale." He had guest roles on notable shows such as "Criminal Minds", "", "The Simpsons", and "Will & Grace", and also starred in several films, including "Buffy the Vampire Slayer" (1992), "8 Seconds" (1994), "The Fifth Element" (1997), and "Once Upon a Time in Hollywood" (2019), his final feature performance.


title: Luke Perry

text: Luke Perry was born on October 11, 1966 in Mansfield, Ohio, the second of three children to Ann Perry, a homemaker, and Coy Luther Perry Jr., a steelworker. He had an older brother, Thomas Perry and a younger sister, Amy Coder (nee Perry). His parents divorced in 1972. His biological father died of a heart attack in 1980. Perry was raised in Fredericktown, Ohio, and played Freddie Bird, the school mascot for Fredericktown High School.


title: Luke Perry

text: In 1984, Perry moved to Los Angeles shortly after high school to pursue acting. He worked odd jobs, including for an asphalt paving company and in a doorknob factory. He appeared in the 1985 music video of "Be Chrool to Your Scuel" for the band Twisted Sister, and by 1988, Perry auditioned for 256 acting jobs before receiving his first acceptance. After moving to New York, Perry's earliest roles were on daytime soap operas: one episode of "Loving" (1987–1988) and ten episodes of "Another World" (1988–1989).


title: Luke Perry

text: In 1990, Perry got the role of the brooding millionaire's son Dylan McKay on Fox's teen drama "Beverly Hills, 90210". He originally auditioned for the role of Steve Sanders but lost to Ian Ziering. With this role, Perry became a popular teen idol; a riot broke out when 10,000 teen girls attended an August 1991 autograph session at The Fashion Mall at Plantation, causing him to leave after 90 seconds. While starring in "90210", Perry won a supporting role in the original film version of Joss Whedon's "Buffy The Vampire Slayer" (1992). He also starred in "Terminal Bliss" in 1992, and as Lane Frost in "8 Seconds" in 1994.


title: Luke Perry

text: In an attempt to find more mature roles, he decided to leave "Beverly Hills, 90210" in 1995. That year, he took a part in the Italian film "Vacanze di Natale '95", playing himself. Although he announced that "90210" was behind him, his absence lasted for only three years, and he returned to the show in 1998. During this time, Perry starred in the independent film "Normal Life" opposite Ashley Judd, starred in the TV science fiction movie "Invasion" (1997), and "Riot" (1997), a drama about the 1992 Los Angeles riots. He had a small role in Luc Besson's science fiction adventure film "The Fifth Element" (1997). In 1998, he returned to "90210", where he remained as a permanent special guest star through the show's final season in 2000. In 1999, he starred in the film "Storm."


title: Luke Perry

text: He said of his role on "Beverly Hills, 90210" as Dylan McKay: "I'm going to be linked with him until I die, but that's actually just fine. I created Dylan McKay. He's mine," but did not reprise his role in the spin-off. He stated: "When you're in the professional acting business, you have to look into all these offers, and I don't mean anything bad about it but creatively it's something I have done before and I don't know how it will benefit me if I do it again." Perry said the fact that the show's longtime producer Aaron Spelling was not involved in the revival was critical: "The difference between CW bringing something back and Aaron Spelling doing something is significant. And I cannot do it without Aaron." However, Shannen Doherty, Jennie Garth and Tori Spelling reprised their roles in the 2008 revival of the series.


title: Luke Perry

text: From 2001 to 2002, he starred in the HBO prison drama "Oz", as the Reverend Jeremiah Cloutier. From 2002 to 2004 he starred in the post-apocalyptic television series "Jeremiah". Perry went on to star in a 2002 television movie called "The Triangle". In 2006, Perry co-starred in the ensemble drama series "Windfall", about a group of friends who win the lottery. The series ran for 13 episodes during the summer of 2006 on NBC. In 2007, he landed the role of Tommy "Santa" Santorelli on the film "", and he appeared in the 2008 western "A Gunfighter's Pledge". Perry also appeared in the 2007 HBO series "John from Cincinnati". He also starred in the Swedish film "Äntligen Midsommar" ("Finally Midsummer"), which was released in the summer of 2009.


title: Luke Perry

text: Perry did considerable voice-over work for various animated series, usually playing himself. He played himself (as Krusty the Clown's half brother) in "Krusty Gets Kancelled", an episode of "The Simpsons" (1993).<ref name="A Star is Burns / 4 Jan 2010 2:43 PM PST Top 25 Simpsons Guest Appearances"></ref> He voiced himself in an episode of "Johnny Bravo", giving Johnny dating advice after Johnny saved him from a stampede of fan girls. Perry parodied himself in "The Story on Page One", an episode of "Family Guy", in which he sues Peter Griffin for calling him gay in a newspaper article. His other voice work includes "The Incredible Hulk", "Biker Mice from Mars" (which also starred fellow 90210 co-star Ian Ziering), "", and "The Night of the Headless Horseman".


title: Luke Perry

text: Perry guest-starred as gay characters in the sitcoms "Spin City" (1997) and "Will & Grace" (2005); in the former, he appeared as Carter Heywood's ex-boyfriend who subsequently fell in love with a woman, and in the latter he played a geeky birdwatcher who catches the eye of Jack McFarland. In 2005, Perry was reunited with former "90210" co-star Jennie Garth when he guest-starred on "What I Like About You" in a loose parody of their "90210" characters' relationship. In 2008, Perry guest-starred as rapist Noah Sibert in the season premiere of the television series "". He also guest-starred as cult leader Benjamin Cyrus in an episode of "Criminal Minds". In late 2009, Perry starred in The Killers' music video for their fourth annual Christmas single, "¡Happy Birthday Guadalupe!".


title: Luke Perry

text: The same year, Perry participated in Thomas Nelson's audio Bible production known as "The Word of Promise". In this dramatized audio, Perry played both Saint Stephen and Judas Iscariot. The project also featured a large ensemble of other well-known Hollywood actors, including Jim Caviezel, Louis Gossett Jr., John Rhys-Davies, Jon Voight, Gary Sinise, Jason Alexander, Christopher McDonald, Marisa Tomei, Stacy Keach, and John Schneider.


title: Luke Perry

text: Perry appeared on Broadway in 2001 in a revival of "The Rocky Horror Show", playing Brad Majors. In 2004, he appeared in the London production of "When Harry Met Sally ..." as Harry, alongside Alyson Hannigan as Sally. He played a con man/psychic in a second-season episode of "Leverage" in 2010, and then appeared as the American version of Inspector Spacetime in an episode of "Community" in 2013, titled "Conventions of Space and Time".


title: Luke Perry

text: From 2017 until his death in 2019, Perry starred as Frederick "Fred" Andrews, Archie's father and owner of Andrews Construction, on the CW series "Riverdale". Starting with "Chapter Forty-Nine: Fire Walk with Me", the first episode to air following his death, all new episodes of the series for that season were dedicated to him. At the time of his death on March 4, 2019, there were still four unaired episodes featuring Perry that would air in the remainder of Season 3. He played actor Wayne Maunder in the 2019 film "Once Upon a Time in Hollywood", about 1960s Hollywood around the time of the Tate-LaBianca murders. Directed by Quentin Tarantino, it was Perry's final film role.


title: Luke Perry

text: Perry married Rachel Minnie Sharp on November 20, 1993, in Beverly Hills. They separated in 2003, and had two children, son Jack Perry (born June 16, 1997) and daughter Sophie Perry (born June 7, 2000). Jack is a professional wrestler, known by his ring name Jungle Boy, and is signed to All Elite Wrestling (AEW).


title: Luke Perry

text: Perry became an advocate for colorectal cancer testing after undergoing a colonoscopy in 2015 that revealed pre-cancerous growths. As a result of the scare, he created a will naming his children as the sole beneficiaries.


title: Luke Perry

text: At the time of his death, Perry was engaged to Wendy Madison Bauer, a therapist and former part-time actress.


title: Luke Perry

text: Perry suffered a massive ischemic stroke at his home in Sherman Oaks, Los Angeles on February 27, 2019. After a second stroke, his family decided to remove him from life support, and he died on March 4, 2019 at age 52 at Providence Saint Joseph Medical Center in Burbank. He was buried at the Perry Family Farm in Vanleer, Tennessee, where he had owned a home since 1995. Perry was buried in an eco-friendly mushroom burial suit which the manufacturer claims is able to remove polluting toxins from the body while naturally breaking it down.


title: Luke Perry

text: In the aftermath of his death, the Reelz channel announced a documentary titled "Luke Perry: In His Own Words." As a result of his death, his "Riverdale" character Fred Andrews also died and the fourth season premiere was a tribute episode dedicated to him and his character, featuring his "Beverly Hills, 90210" co-star Shannen Doherty.


title: Saving Private Ryan

text: Saving Private Ryan is a 1998 American epic war film directed by Steven Spielberg and written by Robert Rodat. Set during the Battle of Normandy in World War II, the film is known for its graphic portrayal of war, especially its depiction of the Omaha Beach assault during the Normandy landings. The film follows United States Army Rangers Captain John H. Miller (Tom Hanks) and his squad (Tom Sizemore, Edward Burns, Barry Pepper, Giovanni Ribisi, Vin Diesel, Adam Goldberg, and Jeremy Davies) as they search for a paratrooper, Private first class James Francis Ryan (Matt Damon), the last surviving brother of four, the three other brothers having been killed in action. The film was a co-production between DreamWorks Pictures, Paramount Pictures, Amblin Entertainment, and Mutual Film Company. DreamWorks distributed the film in North America while Paramount released the film internationally.


title: Saving Private Ryan

text: Rodat first wrote the script in 1994 after reading about the Niland brothers, and by 1996 producer Mark Gordon acquired the rights to Rodat's script. After eleven rewrites, Gordon began developing the project at Paramount. Spielberg, who at the time was forming DreamWorks, was eventually hired by Paramount to direct the film while DreamWorks would co-finance as part of a deal. After the cast went through training supervised by Marine veteran Dale Dye, the film's principal photography started in June 1997 and lasted two months. The film's D-Day scenes were shot in Ballinesker Beach, Curracloe Strand, Ballinesker, just east of Curracloe, County Wexford, Ireland, and used members of the Irish Army reserve as extras to portray infantry for the D-Day landing.


title: Saving Private Ryan

text: "Saving Private Ryan" received publicity for its graphic depiction of violence and war, with Spielberg himself expecting the film to receive a NC-17 rating from the Motion Picture Association of America. On its release, "Saving Private Ryan" became the second highest-grossing film of 1998 worldwide with $485 million worldwide, behind "Armageddon". The film received critical acclaim from critics and audiences, who praised the performances, realism, cinematography, score, screenplay, and Spielberg's direction. Topping many film critics' 1998 top ten lists and winning numerous awards, "Saving Private Ryan" won five Academy Awards, including Spielberg's second Academy Award for Best Director, though it lost the Academy Award for Best Picture to "Shakespeare in Love" in a controversial Oscars upset. The film solidified Damon's rising star power and would strengthen the collaborative relationship between Spielberg and Hanks, while the film also helped Diesel launch his career.


title: Saving Private Ryan

text: In the years since its release", Saving Private Ryan" has maintained its reputation as one of the greatest and most influential films of the 1990s, one of the greatest war and action films of all time, and one of the greatest films ever made, and some declaring it as Spielberg's best film. Hailed as an influential landmark in the war and action film genres, the film helped depict war and action scenes with a stronger emphasis on realism while helping influence cinematography due to its use of desaturated colors, hand-held cameras, and tight angles. It has also been credited for renewing interest in World War II media, particularly World War II-themed first-person shooter games that became popular in the 2000s. In 2007, the American Film Institute ranked "Saving Private Ryan" as the 71st-greatest American movie in AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies (10th Anniversary Edition) and in 2014, the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".


title: Saving Private Ryan

text: An elderly veteran visits the Normandy Cemetery with his family. At a specific grave, he is overcome with emotion and begins to recall his time as a soldier.


title: Saving Private Ryan

text: On the morning of June 6, 1944, the U.S. Army lands at Omaha Beach as part of the Normandy invasion. Captain John H. Miller leads his command, Company C, 2nd Ranger Battalion in a breakout from the beach. The staff at the United States Department of War learns that James Francis Ryan of the 101st Airborne Division is missing and presumed to be the last survivor of four brothers who are all in the military. General George C. Marshall orders Ryan to be found and sent home so that his family will not lose all its sons.


title: Saving Private Ryan

text: Miller is ordered to lead a detachment in finding Ryan. As they arrive in the contested town of Neuville between German defenders and the 101st Airborne, Caparzo is killed by a German sniper. Miller and his men find a paratrooper named Ryan but he is not the one for whom they are searching, and they are directed to a rally point where James Francis Ryan's unit should be. Miller learns that Ryan is defending a key bridge in the town of Ramelle. "En route", Miller decides against the judgment of his soldiers to neutralize a German machine gun nest, which results in Wade's death. A surviving German soldier is spared by the intervention of Upham, the detachment's interpreter, who is unused to the horrors of combat. Miller blindfolds the soldier, who has been nicknamed "Steamboat Willie", and orders him to surrender to the next Allied patrol. When Reiben threatens to desert, Miller defuses the situation by calmly telling a story that reveals his civilian background as a teacher and baseball coach, of which he has not previously spoken, and which has been the subject of much speculation among his men.


title: Saving Private Ryan

text: Upon arriving in Ramelle, Miller's detachment makes contact with Ryan and informs him of his brothers' deaths. Though upset, Ryan refuses to abandon his post defending the town's bridge. The town soon comes under siege by attacking Germans, and Miller assumes command as the only officer present. He and his unit fight alongside the 101st, but the German armor advantage takes a toll on the Americans. Jackson, Mellish and Horvath are killed in the fighting, and Steamboat Willie shoots Miller as he attempts to blow up the bridge with pre-placed explosives. American P-51 Mustang fighter planes and Sherman tanks arrive and halt the German advance. Upham confronts Steamboat Willie, who attempts to talk Upham into letting him go again; now aware of the difficult choices soldiers make during war, Upham shoots and kills him. The mortally wounded Miller tells Ryan to "earn this" referring to the sacrifices others have made so that Ryan can have a postwar life.


title: Saving Private Ryan

text: Ryan is revealed to be the elderly veteran and the grave to be Miller's. Ryan expresses gratitude for the sacrifices made by Miller and his men, says he hopes he "earned it", and salutes the grave.


title: Saving Private Ryan

text: In 1994, Robert Rodat's wife gave him the bestseller "D-Day: June 6, 1944: The Climactic Battle of World War II" by historian Stephen Ambrose. While reading the book during an early morning walk in a small New Hampshire village, Rodat was "struck by a monument dedicated to those who had died in various wars, particularly because of the repeated last names of brothers who were killed in action". He was inspired by an actual family in Ambrose's book named the Nilands, which had lost two sons in the war and was thought to have lost a third, whose fourth son was "snatched" out of Normandy by the War Department.


title: Saving Private Ryan

text: Rodat proposed the pitch to producer Mark Gordon. Gordon then pitched Rodat's idea to Paramount Pictures, whose executives liked the idea and commissioned Rodat to write the script. While Rodat began rewriting the script, Paramount and Gordon sought to find a director for the film. Michael Bay was approached by Paramount to direct the film, but he declined the offer as he felt that he did not know how to approach the material. Carin Sage at Creative Artists Agency read Rodat's script and made Steven Spielberg, who was one of the agency's clients, aware of it. At the same time, Spielberg, already preparing to direct "" (1997) for Universal Pictures, was finishing establishing the independent studio DreamWorks Pictures with music executive David Geffen and former Disney executive Jeffrey Katzenberg. Spielberg learned of the script from Carin and immediately picked up the script and became interested in the film.


title: Saving Private Ryan

text: Spielberg had already demonstrated his interest in World War II themes with the films "1941", "Empire of the Sun", "Schindler's List", and the "Indiana Jones" series. When asked about this by "American Cinematographer", Spielberg said, "I think that World War II is the most significant event of the last 100 years; the fate of the Baby Boomers and even Generation X was linked to the outcome. Beyond that, I've just always been interested in World War II. My earliest films, which I made when I was about 14 years old, were combat pictures that were set both on the ground and in the air. For years now, I've been looking for the right World War II story to shoot, and when Robert Rodat wrote "Saving Private Ryan", I found it."


title: Saving Private Ryan

text: When Spielberg met with Paramount, he told the studio he would sign on to direct the film for them. However, he conditioned that DreamWorks be involved in the financing and distribution of the film, along with his company Amblin Entertainment and Gordon's Mutual Film Company. Because Paramount owned the rights to Rodat's script, the two studios struggled to determine who would handle domestic distribution for "Saving Private Ryan", as DreamWorks wanted to distribute future films directed by Spielberg. Sumner Redstone, chairman of Viacom (Paramount's parent owner at the time), met with Paramount and DreamWorks executives at a Beverly Hills hotel in April 1997 to determine distribution rights. Through a coin toss organized by Redstone, DreamWorks won domestic distribution (the United States and Canada), while Paramount retained international rights. In exchange for distribution rights for "Saving Private Ryan", Paramount would retain domestic distribution rights to "Deep Impact", while DreamWorks would acquire international distribution.


title: Saving Private Ryan

text: Rodat's earlier drafts were in the spirit of a standard action film, something Spielberg intended on making. After Spileberg met with several World War II veterans prior to pre-production, he realized the film had to be closer to reality. He commissioned Rodat to do extensive rewrites of the script, rearranging the fates of several characters in order to make the tone more realistic. Scott Frank and Frank Darabont were hired by Spielberg to do additional rewrites for the script, though they were uncredited as Rodat was credited for the final draft of the script.


title: Saving Private Ryan

text: In casting the film Spielberg sought to create a cast that "looked" the part, stating in an interview, "You know, the people in World War II actually looked different than people look today," adding to this end that he cast partly based on wanting the cast "to match the faces I saw on the newsreels."


title: Saving Private Ryan

text: Gordon and co-producer Gary Levinsohn were interested in having Tom Hanks appear in the film as Captain Miller. Gordon recounted, "Tom was enormously excited about it and said, 'Steven and I have always wanted to work together." but Hanks also reluctant to do the film as he seen friendship ruined by bad film making. Pete Postlethwaite, Harrison Ford and Mel Gibson were initially considered for the role of Miller.


title: Saving Private Ryan

text: Edward Norton turned down the role of Private Ryan to do the film "American History X". Noah Wyle also passed on the role of Private Ryan, due to not being able to get out of his contract for "ER".


title: Saving Private Ryan

text: Lisa Sanderson alleged in a 2013 lawsuit that Garth Brooks was offered a role in the movie but turned it down as he did not want to be outshone by superstars like Tom Hanks and Matt Damon.


title: Saving Private Ryan

text: Before filming began, several of the film's stars, including Edward Burns, Tom Sizemore, Barry Pepper, Vin Diesel, Adam Goldberg, Giovanni Ribisi, and Tom Hanks, endured ten days of "boot camp" training led by Marine veteran Dale Dye and Warriors, Inc., a California company that specializes in training actors for realistic military portrayals. Matt Damon was trained separately, so the rest of the group, whose characters are supposed to feel resentment towards Damon's character, would not bond with him. Spielberg had stated that his main intention in forcing the actors to go through the boot camp was not to learn the proper techniques but rather "because I wanted them to respect what it was like to be a soldier." During filming, Sizemore was battling drug addiction and Spielberg required him to be drug tested every day. If he failed a test, he would be dismissed and all of his scenes would be reshot with a different actor.


title: Saving Private Ryan

text: Filming began June 27, 1997, and lasted for two months. Spielberg wanted an almost exact replica of the Omaha Beach landscape for the movie, including sand and a bluff similar to the one where German forces were stationed and a near match was found in Ballinesker Beach, Curracloe Strand, Ballinesker, just east of Curracloe, County Wexford, Ireland. Production of the sequence depicting the Omaha Beach landings cost US$12 million and involved up to 1,500 extras, some of whom were members of the Irish Reserve Defence Forces. Members of local reenactment groups such as the Second Battle Group were cast as extras to play German soldiers. In addition, twenty to thirty actual amputees were used to portray American soldiers maimed during the landing. The film's second scene is a sequence over 20 minutes long recounting the landing on the beaches of Normandy on D-Day. Spielberg chose to include this particularly violent sequence in order "to bring the audience onto the stage with me," specifically noting that he did not want the "audience to be spectators," but rather he wanted to "demand them to be participants with those kids who had never seen combat before in real life, and get to the top of Omaha Beach together." Spielberg did not storyboard the sequence, as he wanted spontaneous reactions and for "the action to inspire me as to where to put the camera." Hanks recalled to Roger Ebert that although he realized it was a movie, the experience still hit him hard, stating, "The first day of shooting the D-Day sequences, I was in the back of the landing craft, and that ramp went down and I saw the first 1-2-3-4 rows of guys just getting blown to bits. In my head, of course, I knew it was special effects, but I still wasn't prepared for how tactile it was."


title: Saving Private Ryan

text: Some shooting was done in Normandy, for the Normandy American Cemetery and Memorial in Colleville-sur-Mer and Calvados. Other scenes were filmed in England, such as a former British Aerospace factory in Hatfield, Hertfordshire, Thame Park, Oxfordshire and Wiltshire. Production was due to also take place in Seaham, County Durham, but government restrictions disallowed this. According to both Gordon and Levinsohn, the producers were hardly involved in the production as Spielberg was entrusted with full creative control of the film. Both producers were only involved in raising foreign financing and handling international distribution. Gordon, however, said that Spielberg was "inclusive and gracious and enormously solicitous in terms of the development of the screenplay".


title: Saving Private Ryan

text: The historical representation of Charlie Company's actions, led by its commander, Captain Ralph E. Goranson, is considered to be well-maintained in the opening sequence. The sequence and details of the events are very close to the historical record, including the sea sickness experienced by many of the soldiers as the landing craft moved toward the shoreline, the significant casualties among the men as they disembarked from the boats, and their difficulty linking up with adjacent units on the shore.


title: Saving Private Ryan

text: The distinctive "ping" of the US soldiers' M1 Garand rifles ejecting their ammunition clips is heard throughout the battle sequence. Many details of the company's actions were depicted accurately; for instance, the correct code names for the sector Charlie Company assaulted, and adjacent sectors, were used. Included in the cinematic depiction of the landing was a follow-on mission of clearing a bunker and trench system at the top of the cliffs which was not part of the original mission objectives for Charlie Company, but which was undertaken after the assault on the beach.


title: Saving Private Ryan

text: The landing craft used included twelve actual World War II examples, 10 LCVPs and 2 LCMs, standing in for the British LCAs that the Ranger Companies rode in to the beach during Operation Overlord. The filmmakers used underwater cameras to better depict soldiers being hit by bullets in the water. Forty barrels of fake blood were used to simulate the effect of blood in the seawater. This degree of realism was more difficult to achieve when depicting World War II German armored vehicles, as few examples survive in operating condition. The Tiger I tanks in the film were copies built on the chassis of old, but functional, Soviet T-34 tanks. The two vehicles described in the film as Panzers were meant to portray Marder III tank destroyers. One was created for the film using the chassis of a Czech-built Panzer 38(t) tank similar to the construction of the original Marder III; the other was a cosmetically modified Swedish SAV m/43 assault gun, which also used the 38(t) chassis.


title: Saving Private Ryan

text: There are some historical inaccuracies in the film's depiction of the Normandy campaign. At the time of the mission, US forces from the two American beach areas, Utah and Omaha, had not yet linked up. In reality, a Ranger team operating out of the Omaha Beach area would have had to move through the German-occupied city of Carentan, or swim or boat across the estuary linking Carentan to the English Channel, or transfer by boat to the Utah landing area. On the other hand, US forces moving out of Utah Beach would have had direct and much shorter routes, relatively unencumbered by enemy positions, and were already in contact with some teams from both US airborne divisions landed in the area.


title: Saving Private Ryan

text: In contrast, the Utah Beach landings were relatively uncontested, with assault units landing on largely unoccupied beaches and experiencing far less action than the landings at Omaha. The filmmakers chose to begin the narrative with a depiction of the more dramatic story of Omaha, despite the historical inaccuracies it would create. In addition, the film depicts the 2nd SS Panzer Division Das Reich as the adversary during the fictional Battle of Ramelle; in fact, there is no town called Ramelle and the 2nd SS was not engaged in Normandy until July, and then at Caen against the British and Canadians, 100 miles to the east (160 km). Furthermore, the Merderet River bridges were not an objective of the 101st Airborne Division, but of the 82nd Airborne Division, part of Mission Boston.


title: Saving Private Ryan

text: Much has also been said about various "tactical errors" made by both the German and American forces in the film's climactic battle. Spielberg responded by saying that in many scenes he opted to replace sound military tactics and strict historical accuracy for dramatic effect. Some other technical errors were also made, such as reversing the orientation of the German beach barriers and obstructions (metal hedgehogs and wooden stakes and tripod ramps). In the ruined village of Ramelle, a spelling mistake in French can be observed on a mural advertisement, where the word "estomac" is erroneously spelled "estomach".


title: Saving Private Ryan

text: To achieve a tone and quality that were true to the story as well as reflected the period in which it is set, Spielberg once again collaborated with cinematographer Janusz Kamiński, saying, "Early on, we both knew that we did not want this to look like a Technicolor extravaganza about World War II, but more like color newsreel footage from the 1940s, which is very desaturated and low-tech."


title: Saving Private Ryan

text: Kamiński had the protective coating stripped from the camera lenses, making them closer to those used in the 1940s. He explains that "without the protective coating, the light goes in and starts bouncing around, which makes it slightly more diffused and a bit softer without being out of focus." The cinematographer completed the overall effect by putting the negative through bleach bypass, a process that reduces brightness and color saturation. The shutter timing was set to 90 or 45 degrees for many of the battle sequences, as opposed to the standard of 180-degree timing. Kamiński clarifies, "In this way, we attained a certain staccato in the actors' movements and a certain crispness in the explosions, which makes them slightly more realistic."


title: Saving Private Ryan

text: "Saving Private Ryan" was released in 2,463 theaters on July 24, 1998, and grossed $30.5 million on its opening weekend, opening to number one and remained at the top for four weeks until "Blade" topped the film in its fifth week of release. It also became the third R-rated film to reach $200 million at the domestic box office, following "Beverly Hills Cop" and "". The film grossed $216.5 million in the US and Canada and $268.7 million in other territories, bringing its worldwide total to $485 million. It was the second-highest-grossing film of 1998 worldwide, finishing behind "Armageddon". Box Office Mojo estimates that the film sold over 45.74 million tickets in the United States and Canada.


title: Saving Private Ryan

text: "Saving Private Ryan" received acclaim from critics and audiences; much of the praise went to Spielberg's directing, the realistic battle scenes, the actors' performances, Williams' score, Kaminski's cinematography, Kahn's editing, and Rodat's script. On Rotten Tomatoes the film holds an approval rating of 93% based on 143 reviews, with an average rating of 8.70/10. The website's critics consensus reads: "Anchored by another winning performance from Tom Hanks, Steven Spielberg's unflinchingly realistic war film virtually redefines the genre." Metacritic assigned the film a weighted average score of 91 out of 100, based on 35 critics, indicating "universal acclaim". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "A" on an A+ to F scale.


title: Saving Private Ryan

text: Many critics associations, such as New York Film Critics Circle and Los Angeles Film Critics Association, chose "Saving Private Ryan" as Film of the Year. Roger Ebert gave it four stars out of four and called it "a powerful experience". Janet Maslin of "The New York Times" called it "the finest war movie of our time". Gene Siskel, Ebert's co-host and critic of "Chicago Tribune", said that the film "accomplishes something I had been taught was most difficult—making an action-filled anti-war film or, at least, one that doesn't in some way glorify or lie about combat". On their program "At the Movies", Siskel and Ebert each named the film as the fourth- and third-best film of 1998, respectively. Writing for "TIME", Richard Schickel said that was "a war film that, entirely aware of its genre's conventions, transcends them as it transcends the simplistic moralities that inform its predecessors, to take the high, morally haunting ground". Owen Gleiberman of "Entertainment Weekly" praised the film, saying that "Spielberg has captured the hair-trigger instability of modern combat." Kenneth Turan of "Los Angeles Times" praised the film as well, calling it "a powerful and impressive milestone in the realistic depiction of combat, "Saving Private Ryan" is as much an experience we live through as a film we watch on screen."


title: Saving Private Ryan

text: The film earned some negative reviews from critics. Writing for "Chicago Reader", Jonathan Rosenbaum gave the film two stars and felt that "it has a few pretty good action moments, a lot of spilled guts, a few moments of drama that don't seem phony or hollow, some fairly strained period ambience, and a bit of sentimental morphing that reminds me of "Forrest Gump"." Andrew Sarris of "Observer" wrote that the film was "tediously manipulative despite its Herculean energy".


title: Saving Private Ryan

text: The film also earned some criticism for ignoring the contributions of several other countries to the D-Day landings in general and at Omaha Beach specifically. The most direct example of the latter is that during the actual landing, the 2nd Rangers disembarked from British ships and were taken to Omaha Beach by Royal Navy landing craft (LCAs). The film depicts them as being United States Coast Guard-crewed craft (LCVPs and LCMs) from an American ship, the . This criticism was far from universal with other critics recognizing the director's intent to make an "American" film. The film was not released in Malaysia after Spielberg refused to cut the violent scenes; however, the film was finally released there on DVD with an 18SG certificate in 2005.


title: Saving Private Ryan

text: Many World War II veterans stated that the film was the most realistic depiction of combat they had ever seen. The film was so realistic that some combat veterans of D-Day and Vietnam left theaters rather than finish watching the opening scene depicting the Normandy invasion. Their visits to posttraumatic stress disorder counselors rose in number after the film's release, and many counselors advised "'more psychologically vulnerable'" veterans to avoid watching it. The Department of Veterans Affairs set up a nationwide hotline for veterans who were affected by the film, and less than two weeks after the film was released it had already received over 170 calls.


title: Saving Private Ryan

text: The film has gained criticism from some war veterans. Film director and military veteran Oliver Stone has accused the film of promoting "the worship of World War II as the good war," and has placed it alongside films such as "Gladiator" and "Black Hawk Down" that he believes were well-made, but may have inadvertently contributed to Americans' readiness for the 2003 invasion of Iraq. In defense of the film's portrait of warfare, Brian De Palma commented, "The level of violence in something like "Saving Private Ryan" makes sense because Spielberg is trying to show something about the brutality of what happened." Actor Richard Todd, who performed in "The Longest Day" and was among the first Allied soldiers to land in Normandy (Operation Tonga), said the film was "Rubbish. Overdone." American academic Paul Fussell, who saw combat in France during World War II, objected to what he described as, "the way Spielberg's "Saving Private Ryan", after an honest, harrowing, 15-minute opening visualizing details of the unbearable bloody mess at Omaha Beach, degenerated into a harmless, uncritical patriotic performance apparently designed to thrill 12-year-old boys during the summer bad-film season. Its genre was pure cowboys and Indians, with the virtuous cowboys of course victorious." Historian Jim DiEugenio took note that the film was actually "90 percent fiction" and that Tom Hanks knew this, with his goal being to "commemorate World War II as the Good War and to depict the American role in it as crucial".


title: Saving Private Ryan

text: The film was nominated for eleven Academy Awards at the 71st annual ceremony, including Best Picture, Best Actor for Tom Hanks, and Best Original Screenplay. The film won five of these, including Best Cinematography, Best Sound, Best Sound Effects Editing, Best Film Editing, and Best Director for Spielberg, his second win in that category.


title: Saving Private Ryan

text: After the film lost the Best Picture award to "Shakespeare in Love", many film pundits criticized the Academy's decision not to award the film with the Best Picture Oscar and has continued to be considered as one of the biggest snubs in the ceremony's history. In a poll in 2015, Academy members indicated that, given a second chance, they would award the Oscar for Best Picture to "Saving Private Ryan". As of 2021, it is one of only three films to ever win the PGA, DGA, Golden Globe, and Best Director Oscar


title: Saving Private Ryan

text: while not winning Best Picture at the Academy Awards, the others being "Brokeback Mountain" and "La La Land".


title: Saving Private Ryan

text: The film also won the Golden Globes for Best Motion Picture – Drama and Director, the BAFTA Award for Special Effects and Sound, the Directors Guild of America Award, a Grammy Award for Best Film Soundtrack, the Producers Guild of America Golden Laurel Award, and the Saturn Award for Best Action, Adventure, or Thriller Film.


title: Saving Private Ryan

text: Today, "Saving Private Ryan" is widely considered to be one of the greatest films ever made. The film has been frequently lauded as an influential work in the war film genre and is credited with contributing to a resurgence in America's interest in World War II. Old and new films, video games, and novels about the war enjoyed renewed popularity after its release. The film's use of desaturated colors, hand-held cameras, and tight angles has profoundly influenced subsequent films and video games.


title: Saving Private Ryan

text: The American Film Institute has included "Saving Private Ryan" in many of its lists, ranking it as the 71st-greatest American movie in AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies (10th Anniversary Edition), as well as the 45th-most thrilling film in AFI's 100 Years...100 Thrills, the 10th-most inspiring in AFI's 100 Years...100 Cheers, and the eighth-best epic film in "AFI's 10 Top 10". In 2014, the film was selected for preservation in the National Film Registry by the Library of Congress, being deemed "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant". "Saving Private Ryan" was voted as the greatest war film in a 2008 Channel 4 poll of the 100 greatest war films. In a readers’ poll for "Rolling Stone", it was voted as the 18th-best film of the 1990s. "Empire" named the film as the 39th-greatest film of all time.


title: Saving Private Ryan

text: "Saving Private Ryan" has also received critical acclaim for its realistic portrayal of World War II combat. In particular, the sequence depicting the Omaha Beach landings was named the "best battle scene of all time" by "Empire" magazine and was ranked number one on "TV Guide's" list of the "50 Greatest Movie Moments". Filmmaker Robert Altman wrote a letter to Spielberg stating, ""Private Ryan" was awesome – best I've seen." Filmmaker Quentin Tarantino has expressed admiration for the film and has cited it as an influence on his 2009 film, "Inglourious Basterds". Prior to making "Dunkirk", filmmaker Christopher Nolan consulted with Spielberg on how to portray the war scenes.


title: Saving Private Ryan

text: On Veterans Day in 2001, 2002, and 2004, ABC aired the film uncut and with limited commercial interruption. The network airings were given a TV-MA rating as the violent battle scenes and the profanity were left intact. The 2004 airing was marred by pre-emptions in many markets because of the language in the backlash of Super Bowl XXXVIII's halftime show controversy. However, critics and veterans' groups such as the American Legion and the Veterans of Foreign Wars assailed those stations and their owners, including Hearst-Argyle Television (which owned twelve ABC affiliates, plus three satellite stations and operated one at the time); Sinclair Broadcast Group (which owned eight ABC affiliates and operated one at the time); Scripps Howard Broadcasting and Young Broadcasting (which each owned six); Liberty Corporation and Bluestone Television (which each owned five); Belo (which owned four); Cox Enterprises, Citadel Communications and Media General (which each owned three), The Manship Family and McKinnon Broadcasting (which each owned two) and Pappas Telecasting and Tribune Broadcasting (which each owned only one, but in Pappas' case, owned two satellite stations) for allegedly putting profits ahead of programming and honoring World War II soldiers, saying the stations made more money running their own programming instead of being paid by the network to carry the film, especially during a sweeps period.


title: Saving Private Ryan

text: A total of 65 ABC affiliates—28% of the network—did not clear the available timeslot for the film, even with The Walt Disney Company, ABC's parent, offering to pay all their fines for broadcasting the movie's strong language to the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). In the end, however, no complaints were lodged against ABC affiliates who showed "Saving Private Ryan", perhaps because even conservative watchdogs like the Parents Television Council (PTC) supported the unedited rebroadcast of the film. Additionally, some ABC affiliates in other markets that were near affected markets, such as Youngstown affiliate WYTV (channel 33, which is viewable in parts of the Columbus, Cleveland, and Pittsburgh markets, none of which aired the film), Gainesville affiliate WCJB-TV (channel 20, which is viewable in parts of the Orlando and Tampa markets), the network's O&O in Raleigh/Durham and an affiliate in Myrtle Beach (which are viewable in parts of the Wilmington, Charlotte and Greensboro markets) and the network's affiliates in Hartford and Providence (which are viewable in parts of the Boston and Springfield markets) still aired the film and gave those nearby markets the option of viewing the film. TNT and Turner Classic Movies have also broadcast the film. AMC Networks holds broadcast rights to the film as of 2021.


title: Saving Private Ryan

text: The film was released on home video in May 1999 with a VHS release that earned over $44 million. The DVD release became available in November of the same year, and was one of the best-selling titles of the year, with over 1.5 million units sold. The DVD was released in two separate versions: one with Dolby Digital and the other with DTS 5.1 surround sound. Besides the different 5.1 tracks, the two DVDs are identical. The film was also issued in a limited 2-disc LaserDisc in November 1999, making it one of the last feature films to be issued in this format, as LaserDiscs ceased manufacturing and distribution by year's end.


title: Saving Private Ryan

text: In 2004, a "Saving Private Ryan" special-edition DVD was released to commemorate the 60th anniversary of D-Day. This two-disc edition was also included in a box set titled "World War II Collection", along with two documentaries produced by Spielberg, "Price For Peace" (about the Pacific War) and "Shooting War" (about war photographers, narrated by Tom Hanks). The film was released on Blu-ray Disc on April 26, 2010, in the UK and on May 4, 2010, in the US, as part of Paramount Home Video's premium Sapphire Series. However, only weeks after its release, Paramount issued a recall due to audio synchronization problems. The studio issued an official statement acknowledging the problem, which they attributed to an authoring error by Technicolor that escaped the quality control process, and that they had already begun the process of replacing the defective discs.


title: Saving Private Ryan

text: On May 8, 2018, Paramount Home Entertainment released "Saving Private Ryan" on Ultra HD Blu-ray to celebrate the 20th anniversary of the release of the film.


title: David Fincher

text: David Andrew Leo Fincher (born August 28, 1962) is an American film director. His films, mostly psychological thrillers and biographical dramas, have received 40 nominations at the Academy Awards, including three for him as Best Director. Fincher was the co-founder of Propaganda Films, a film and music video production company.


title: David Fincher

text: Born in Denver, Colorado, Fincher was interested in filmmaking at an early age. He directed numerous music videos, most notably Madonna's "Express Yourself" in 1989 and "Vogue" in 1990, both of which won him the MTV Video Music Award for Best Direction. He made his feature film debut with "Alien 3" (1992), which garnered mixed reviews, followed by the thriller "Seven" (1995), which was better received. Fincher found success with "The Game" (1997) and greater success with "Fight Club" (1999), with the latter eventually becoming a cult classic. In 2002, he returned to prominence with the thriller "Panic Room" starring Jodie Foster.


title: David Fincher

text: Fincher also directed "Zodiac" (2007), "The Social Network" (2010), "The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo" (2011), and "Mank" (2020). For "The Social Network", he won the Golden Globe Award for Best Director and BAFTA Award for Best Direction. His biggest commercial successes are "The Curious Case of Benjamin Button" (2008) and "Gone Girl" (2014), both of which grossed more than $300 million worldwide, with the former earning thirteen nominations at the Academy Awards, and eleven at the British Academy Film Awards.


title: David Fincher

text: In television series, he served as an executive producer and director for the Netflix series "House of Cards" (2013–18) and "Mindhunter" (2017–19), winning the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Directing for a Drama Series for the pilot episode of "House of Cards". He also served as an executive producer and co-creator with Tim Miller for their work, "Love, Death & Robots", garnered several Emmys including Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Short Form Animated Program three times.


title: David Fincher

text: David Andrew Leo Fincher was born on August 28, 1962, in Denver, Colorado. His mother, Claire Mae (née Boettcher), was a mental health nurse from South Dakota who worked in drug addiction programs. His father, Howard Kelly "Jack" Fincher (December 6, 1930 – April 10, 2003), was an author from Oklahoma who worked as a reporter and bureau chief for "Life" magazine. When he was two years old, the family moved to San Anselmo, California, where filmmaker George Lucas was one of his neighbors. Fincher was fascinated with filmmaking from the age of eight, when he began making films with an 8mm camera. He has said:In his teens, Fincher moved to Ashland, Oregon, where he attended Ashland High School. He directed plays and designed sets and lighting after school, and was a non-union projectionist at Varsity Theatre, as well as a production assistant at the local television news station, KOBI in Medford, Oregon. He supported himself by working as a busboy, dishwasher and fry cook.


title: David Fincher

text: While establishing himself in the film industry, Fincher was employed at John Korty's studio as a production head. Gaining further experience, he became a visual effects producer, working on the animated "Twice Upon a Time" (1983) with George Lucas. He was hired by Industrial Light & Magic (ILM) in 1983 as an assistant cameraman and matte photographer and worked on "Return of the Jedi" (1983) and "Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom" (1984). In 1984, he left ILM to direct a television commercial for the American Cancer Society that depicted a fetus smoking a cigarette. This quickly brought Fincher to the attention of producers in Los Angeles, and he was soon given the opportunity to direct Rick Springfield's 1985 documentary, "The Beat of the Live Drum". Set on a directing career, Fincher co-founded production company Propaganda Films and started directing commercials and music videos. Other directors such as Michael Bay, Antoine Fuqua, Michel Gondry, Spike Jonze, Alex Proyas, Paul Rachman, Mark Romanek, Zack Snyder and Gore Verbinski also honed their skills at Propaganda Films before moving on to feature films.


title: David Fincher

text: Fincher directed TV commercials for many companies including Levi's, Converse, Nike, Pepsi, Revlon, Sony, Coca-Cola and Chanel, although he loathed doing them. Starting in 1984, Fincher began his foray into music videos. He directed videos for various artists including singer-songwriters Rick Springfield, Don Henley, Martha Davis, Paula Abdul, rock band the Outfield, and R&B singer Jermaine Stewart. Fincher's 1990 music video for "Freedom! '90" was one of the most successful for George Michael. In addition, he directed Michael Jackson's "Who Is It", Aerosmith's "Janie's Got A Gun" and Billy Idol's "Cradle of Love". For Madonna, he directed some of her iconic music videos: "Express Yourself", "Oh Father", "Vogue" and "Bad Girl". Between 1984 and 1993, Fincher was credited as a director for 53 music videos. He referred to the production of music videos as his own "film school", in which he learned how to work efficiently within a small budget and time frame.


title: David Fincher

text: In 1990, 20th Century Fox hired Fincher to replace Vincent Ward as the director for the science-fiction horror "Alien 3" (1992), his film directorial debut. It was the third installment in the "Alien" franchise starring Sigourney Weaver. The film was released in May 1992 to a mixed reception from critics and was considered weaker than the preceding films. From the beginning, "Alien 3" was hampered by studio intervention and several abandoned scripts. Peter Travers of the "Rolling Stone" called the film "bold and haunting", despite the "struggle of nine writers" and "studio interference". The film received an Academy Award nomination for Best Visual Effects. Years later, Fincher publicly expressed his dismay and subsequently disowned the film. In the book "Director's Cut: Picturing Hollywood in the 21st Century", Fincher blames the producers for their lack of trust in him. In an interview with "The Guardian" in 2009, he stated, "No one hated it more than me; to this day, no one hates it more than me."


title: David Fincher

text: After this critical disappointment, Fincher eschewed reading film scripts or directing another project. He briefly retreated to directing commercials and music videos, including the video for the song "Love Is Strong" by the Rolling Stones in 1994, which won the Grammy Award for Best Music Video. Shortly, Fincher decided to make a foray back into film. He read Andrew Kevin Walker's original screenplay for "Seven" (1995), which had been revised by Jeremiah Chechik, the director attached to the project at one point. Fincher expressed no interest in directing the revised version, so New Line Cinema agreed to keep the original ending. Starring Brad Pitt, Morgan Freeman, Gwyneth Paltrow, R. Lee Ermey, and Kevin Spacey, it tells the story of two detectives who attempt to identify a serial killer who bases his murders on the Christian seven deadly sins. "Seven" was positively received by film critics and was one of the highest-earning films of 1995, grossing more than $320 million worldwide. Writing for "Sight and Sound", John Wrathall said it "stands as the most complex and disturbing entry in the serial killer genre since "Manhunter"" and Roger Ebert opined that "Seven" is "one of the darkest and most merciless films ever made in the Hollywood mainstream."


title: David Fincher

text: Following "Seven", Fincher directed a music video for "6th Avenue Heartache" by the Wallflowers and went on to direct his third feature film, the mystery thriller "The Game" (1997), written by the duo John Brancato and Michael Ferris. Fincher also hired "Seven" screenwriter Andrew Kevin Walker to contribute and polish the script. Filmed on location in San Francisco, the story follows an investment banker, played by Michael Douglas, who receives an unusual gift from his younger brother (Sean Penn), where he becomes involved in a "game" that integrates with his everyday life, making him unable to differentiate between game and reality. Almar Haflidason of the BBC was critical of the ending, but praised the visuals—"Fincher does a marvelous job of turning ordinary city locations into frightening backdrops, where every corner turned is another step into the unknown". Upon "The Game"'s release in September 1997, the film received generally favorable reviews but performed moderately at the box office. "The Game" was later included in the Criterion Collection.


title: David Fincher

text: In August 1997, Fincher agreed to direct "Fight Club," based on the 1996 novel of the same name by Chuck Palahniuk. It was his second film with 20th Century Fox after the troubled production of "Alien 3". Starring Brad Pitt, Edward Norton and Helena Bonham Carter, the film is about a nameless office worker suffering from insomnia, who meets a salesman, and together form an underground fighting club as a form of therapy. Fox struggled with the marketing of the film, and were concerned that it would have a limited audience. "Fight Club" premiered on October 15, 1999 in the United States to a polarized response and modest box office success; the film grossed $100.9 million against a budget of $63 million. Initially, many critics thought the film was "a violent and dangerous express train of masochism and aggression." However, in following years, "Fight Club" became a cult favorite and gained acknowledgement for its multilayered themes; the film has been the source of critical analysis from academics and film critics.


title: David Fincher

text: In 1999, Fincher was shortlisted by Columbia Pictures, as one of the potential directors to helm "Spider-Man" (2002)"," a live-action adaptation of the fictional comic-book character of the same name. Fincher's pitch featured an older, experienced version of the titular character in his adult years and the post-adolescent portion of his life as a photographer and his crime-fighting double life as a vigilante, with a more grounded, character-driven and drama-oriented tone and direction. Fincher later said of his pitch, "I went in and told them what I might be interested in doing, and they hated it". Sam Raimi was chosen as director instead.


title: David Fincher

text: In 2001, Fincher served as an executive producer for the first season of "The Hire", a series of short films to promote BMW automobiles. The films were released on the internet in 2001. Next in 2002, Fincher returned to another feature film, a thriller titled "Panic Room". The story follows a single mother and her daughter who hide in a safe room of their new home, during a home invasion by a trio. Starring Jodie Foster (who replaced Nicole Kidman), Forest Whitaker, Kristen Stewart, Dwight Yoakam, and Jared Leto, it was theatrically released on March 29, 2002, after a month delay, to critical acclaim and commercial success. In North America, the film earned $96.4 million. In other countries, it grossed $100 million for a worldwide $196.4 million. Mick LaSalle of the "San Francisco Chronicle" praised the filmmakers for their "fair degree of ingenuity... for 88 minutes of excitement" and the convincing performance given by Foster. Fincher acknowledged "Panic Room" for being more mainstream, describing the film, "It's supposed to be a popcorn movie—there are no great, overriding implications. It's just about survival."


title: David Fincher

text: Five years after "Panic Room", Fincher returned on March 2, 2007, with "Zodiac", a thriller based on Robert Graysmith's books about the search for the Zodiac, a real life serial murderer who terrorized communities between the late 1960s and early 1970s. Fincher first learned of the project after being approached by producer Brad Fischer; he was intrigued by the story due to his childhood personal experience. "The highway patrol had been following our school buses", he recalled. His father told him, "There's a serial killer who has killed four or five people... who's threatened to... shoot the children as they come off the bus." After extensive research on the case with fellow producers, Fincher formed a principal cast of Jake Gyllenhaal, Mark Ruffalo, Robert Downey Jr., Anthony Edwards and Brian Cox. It was the first of Fincher's films to be shot in digital, with a Thomson Viper FilmStream HD camera. However, high-speed film cameras were used for particular murder scenes. "Zodiac" was well received, appearing in more than two hundred top ten lists (only "No Country for Old Men" and "There Will Be Blood" appeared in more). However, the film struggled at the United States box office, earning $33 million, but did better overseas with a gross of $51.7 million. Worldwide, "Zodiac" was a moderate success. Despite a campaign by Paramount Pictures, the film did not receive any Academy Award or Golden Globe nominations.


title: David Fincher

text: In 2008, Fincher was attached to a film adaptation of the science-fiction novel, "Rendezvous with Rama" by Arthur C. Clarke, however, Fincher said the film is unlikely to go ahead due to problems with the script. His next project was "The Curious Case of Benjamin Button" (2008), an adaptation of F. Scott Fitzgerald's eponymous 1923 short story, about a man who is born as a seventy-year-old baby and ages in reverse. The romantic-drama marked Fincher's third collaboration with Brad Pitt, who stars opposite Cate Blanchett. The budget for the film was estimated to be $167 million, with very expensive visual effects utilized for Pitt's character. Filming started in November 2006 in New Orleans, taking advantage of Louisiana's film incentive. The film was theatrically released on December 25, 2008, in the United States to a commercial success and warm reception. Writing for the "USA Today", Claudia Puig praises the "graceful and poignant" tale despite it being "overlong and not as emotionally involving as it could be". The film received thirteen Academy Award nominations, including Best Picture, Best Director for Fincher, Best Actor for Pitt, and Best Supporting Actress for Taraji P. Henson, and won three, for Best Art Direction, Best Makeup, and Best Visual Effects.


title: David Fincher

text: Fincher directed the 2010 film "The Social Network", a biographical drama about Facebook founder, Mark Zuckerberg and his legal battles. The screenplay was written by Aaron Sorkin, who adapted it from the book "The Accidental Billionaires". It stars Jesse Eisenberg as Zuckerberg, with a supporting cast of Andrew Garfield, Justin Timberlake, Armie Hammer and Max Minghella. Principal photography started in October 2009 in Cambridge, Massachusetts and the film was released one year later. "The Social Network" was also a commercial success, earning $224.9 million worldwide. At the 83rd Academy Awards, the film received eight nominations and won three awards; soundtrack composers Trent Reznor and Atticus Ross won for Best Original Score, and the other two awards were for Best Adapted Screenplay and Best Film Editing. The film also received awards for Best Motion Picture – Drama, Best Director, Best Screenplay, and Best Original Score at the 68th Golden Globe Awards. Critics including Roger Ebert, complimented the writing, describing the film as having "spellbinding dialogue. It makes an untellable story clear and fascinating".


title: David Fincher

text: In 2011, Fincher followed the success of "The Social Network" with "The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo", a psychological thriller based on the novel by Swedish writer Stieg Larsson"." Screenwriter Steven Zaillian spent three months analyzing the novel, writing notes and deleting elements to achieve a suitable running time. Featuring Daniel Craig as journalist Mikael Blomkvist and Rooney Mara as Lisbeth Salander, it follows Blomkvist's investigation to solve what happened to a woman from a wealthy family who disappeared four decades ago. To maintain the novel's setting, the film was primarily shot in Sweden. The soundtrack, composed by collaborators Trent Reznor and Atticus Ross, was described by A. O. Scott of "The New York Times" as, "unnerving and powerful". Upon the film's release in December, reviews were generally favorable, according to review aggregator Metacritic. Scott adds, "Mr. Fincher creates a persuasive ambience of political menace and moral despair". Philip French of "The Guardian" praises the "authentic, quirky detail" and faithful adaptation. The film received five Academy Award nominations, including Best Actress for Mara, and won the award for Best Film Editing. In 2012, Fincher signed a first look deal with Regency Enterprises.


title: David Fincher

text: In 2013, Fincher served as an executive producer for the Netflix television series "House of Cards", a political thriller about a Congressman's quest for revenge, of which he also directed the first two episodes. The series received positive reviews, earning nine Primetime Emmy nominations, including Outstanding Drama Series. Fincher won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Directing for a Drama Series for the first episode. He also directed a music video for the first time since 2005, "Suit & Tie" by Justin Timberlake and Jay-Z, which won a Grammy Award for Best Music Video. Following the publication of Dave Cullen's book, "Columbine," which was adapted into a play in 2014, Fincher considered making it into a film, however, the idea was dropped due to its sensitive nature. That same year, Fincher signed a deal with HBO for three television series - "Utopia" (an adaptation of the British series, to be written by Gillian Flynn), "Shakedown", and "Videosyncrazy". In August 2015, budget disputes between him and the network halted production. Three years later, in 2018, "Utopia" was picked up by Amazon Studios, with Gillian Flynn as creator.


title: David Fincher

text: Fincher directed "Gone Girl" (2014), an adaptation of Gillian Flynn's novel of the same name, starring Ben Affleck and Rosamund Pike. He even met with Flynn to discuss his interest in the project before a director was selected. Set in Missouri, the story begins as a mystery that follows the events surrounding Nick Dunne (Affleck), who becomes the prime suspect in the sudden disappearance of his wife Amy (Pike). A critical and commercial success, the film earned $369 million worldwide against a $61 million budget, making it Fincher's highest-grossing work to date. Writing for "Salon" magazine, Andrew O'Hehir praises the "tremendous ensemble cast who mesh marvelously", adding, "All the technical command of image, sound and production design for which Fincher is justly famous is here as well." "Gone Girl" garnered awards and nominations in a various categories; Pike earned an Academy Award nomination for Best Actress and Fincher received his third Golden Globe nomination for Best Director.Since 2016, Fincher has directed, produced and served as showrunner for another series, crime thriller "Mindhunter", starring Holt McCallany and Jonathan Groff. The series, based on the book "Mind Hunter: Inside the FBI's Elite Serial Crime Unit", debuted on Netflix worldwide on October 13, 2017. In June 2017, Jim Gianopulos of Paramount Pictures announced that a sequel to "World War Z" was "in advanced development" with Fincher and Brad Pitt. Producers Dede Gardner and Jeremy Kleiner said that Fincher would begin directing it in June 2019. However, in February 2019, Paramount cancelled the project. As of 2019, Fincher also serves as an executive producer for "Love, Death & Robots", an animated science-fiction web series for Netflix. In July 2019, Fincher signed on to direct "Mank", a biopic about "Citizen Kane" screenwriter Herman J. Mankiewicz. "Mank" received a limited theatrical release on November 13, 2020, and was made available on Netflix on December 4. Gary Oldman portrayed Mankiewicz, and the film received ten Academy Award nominations, winning two for Best Cinematography and Best Production Design.


title: David Fincher

text: Fincher also served as an executive producer on a series titled "Voir" (2021) for Netflix. In 2022, Fincher made his first foray in animation directing an episode from the third season of "Love, Death & Robots". The episode is titled "Bad Travelling" and was written by "Seven" screenwriter Andrew Kevin Walker.


title: David Fincher

text: In late 2019, Fincher began developing a television prequel to the 1974 film "Chinatown" with its screenwriter Robert Towne, and he has also expressed interest in eventually making a third season of "Mindhunter", which was put on indefinite hold in 2020.


title: David Fincher

text: In February 2021, it was reported that Fincher will direct an adaptation of the graphic novel "The Killer" for Netflix, with Andrew Kevin Walker writing the screenplay and Michael Fassbender attached to star.


title: David Fincher

text: Fincher did not attend film school, but he cites Alfred Hitchcock as a major influence, as well as filmmakers Martin Scorsese, George Roy Hill and Alan J. Pakula. His personal favorite films include: "All the President's Men" (1976), "Taxi Driver" (1976), "Rear Window" (1954), "Zelig" (1983), "Paper Moon" (1973), "Lawrence of Arabia" (1962), "American Graffiti" (1973), "The Graduate" (1967), "Jaws" (1975) and "Close Encounters of the Third Kind" (1977). Fincher suggested that "Panic Room" is a combination of ""Rear Window" meets "Straw Dogs" (1971)". For "Seven", Fincher and cinematographer Darius Khondji were inspired by films "The French Connection" (1971) "and Klute" (1971), as well as the work by photographer Robert Frank. He has cited graphic designer Saul Bass as an inspiration for his own film title sequences; Bass designed many of them for prominent directors including Hitchcock and Stanley Kubrick.


title: David Fincher

text: Fincher's filmmaking process always begins with extensive research and preparation, although he said the process is different every time. "I enjoy reading a script that you can see in your head, and then I enjoy the casting and I enjoy the rehearsal, and I enjoy all the meetings about what it should be, what it could be, what it might be", he said. Fincher admits he has autocratic tendencies and likes to micro-manage every part of the production. “He was always a rebel... Always challenging the status quo,” colleague Sigurjon Sighvatsson said.


title: David Fincher

text: Known for his meticulous eye for detail and perfectionist qualities, Fincher performs thorough research when casting actors to ensure their suitability for the part. "He's really good at finding the one detail that was missed. He knows more than anybody", said colleague Max Daly. "He's just scary smart, sort of smarter than everyone else in the room", said producer Laura Ziskin. In addition, the director approaches editing like "intricate mathematical problems". "Zodiac" editor, Angus Wall, said it was like "putting together a Swiss watch... All the pieces are so beautifully machined. He's incredibly specific. He never settles. And there's a purity that shows in his work."


title: David Fincher

text: When working with actors, Fincher demands a grueling retake after retake to capture a scene perfectly. For instance, the "Zodiac" cast-members were required to do an upward of seventy takes for certain scenes, much to the displeasure of Jake Gyllenhaal. Rooney Mara had to endure ninety-nine takes for a scene in "The Social Network," and said that the director enjoys challenging people. "Gone Girl" averaged fifty takes per scene. In one of the episodes for "Mindhunter," it was reported that a nine-minute scene took eleven hours to shoot. When asked about this method, Fincher said "I hate earnestness in performance... usually by Take 17 the earnestness is gone", adding that he wants a scene to be as natural and authentic as possible. Some actors appreciate this approach, arguing that the subtle adjustments have a big difference in the way a scene is carried. Others have been critical however, "[Fincher] wants puppets. He doesn't want actors that are creative", said R. Lee Ermey.


title: David Fincher

text: He prefers shooting with Red digital cameras, under natural or pre-existing light conditions rather than using elaborate light setups. Fincher is also known to use computer-generated imagery, which is mostly unnoticeable to the viewer. He does not normally use hand-held cameras during filming, instead preferring cameras on a tripod. Fincher said, "Handheld has a powerful psychological stranglehold. It means something specific and I don't want to cloud what's going on with too much meaning." He has also experimented with the disembodied camera movement, notably in "Panic Room", where the camera glides around the house to give the impression of surveillance by an unseen observer.


title: David Fincher

text: One element of Fincher's visual style is the specific way in which he uses tilt, pan and track in the camera movements. When a character is in motion or expressing emotions, the camera moves at the exact same speed and direction as their body. The movements are choreographed precisely between the actors and camera operators. The resulting effect helps the audience connect with the character to understand their feelings. Similarly, in his music videos, Fincher appreciated that the visuals should enhance the listening experience. He would cut around the vocals, and let the choreography finish before cutting the shot. Camera movements are also synchronized to the beat of the music.


title: David Fincher

text: Some regard Fincher as an auteur filmmaker, although he dislikes being associated with that term. Much of his work is influenced by classical film noir and neo noir genres. Fincher's visual style also includes using monochromatic and desaturated colors of blue, green and yellow, representing the world that the characters are in. In "The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo", Fincher uses heavy desaturation for certain scenes, and increases or decreases the effect based on the story or characters emotions. Erik Messerschmidt, cinematographer for "Mindhunter" explains the color palette, "The show has a desaturated green-yellow look... [it] helps give the show its period feel". He states the effect is achieved through production design, costumes and filming locations—not necessarily through lighting used on set. Fincher also favors detailed and pronounced shadows, as well as using minimal light. When asked about his use of dim lighting, he said bright lights make the color of skin appear unnatural. "That's the way the world looks to me", he said.


title: David Fincher

text: Fincher has explored themes of martyrdom, alienation and dehumanization of modern culture. In addition to the wider themes of good and evil, his characters are often troubled, discontented and flawed, unable to socialize and suffer from loneliness. In "Seven", "Zodiac" and "The Social Network", themes of pressure and obsession are explored, leading to the character's downfall. Quoting historian Frank Krutnik, the writer Piers McCarthy, argues, "that the protagonists of these films are not totally in control of their actions but are subject to darker, inner impulses". In a 2017 interview, Fincher explained his fascination of sinister themes, "There was always a house in any neighborhood that I ever lived in that all the kids on the street wondered, “What are those people up to?” We sort of attach the sinister to the mundane in order to make things interesting... I think it's also because in order for something to be evil, it almost has to cloak itself as something else." Fincher once stated, "I think people are perverts. I've maintained that. That's the foundation of my career."


title: David Fincher

text: Over the course of his career, the director has shown loyalty to his performers and production crew. As a music video director, he collaborated with Paula Abdul five times, and Madonna and Rick Springfield four times each. Once he made the transition to feature films, he cast Brad Pitt in three of them. "On-screen and off-screen, Brad's the ultimate guy... He has such a great ease with who he is", Fincher remarked. Bob Stephenson, Michael Massee, Christopher John Fields, John Getz, Elias Koteas, Zach Grenier, Charles Dance, Rooney Mara, Jared Leto, and Richmond Arquette have also appeared in at least two of his films.


title: David Fincher

text: "Fight Club" was scored by the Dust Brothers, who at that point had never scored for a film. Describing their working relationship with Fincher, they said he "was not hanging over our shoulders telling us what to do"; the only direction he gave was to make the music sound as great as the score from "The Graduate" (1967). Trent Reznor and Atticus Ross composed the music for "The Social Network," "The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo", "Gone Girl", and "Mank". The musicians describe their working relationship as "collaborative, respectful and inspiring" although it "hasn't gotten any easier". Fincher even used a remix of Reznor's Nine Inch Nails song "Closer" in the opening credits of "Seven". Howard Shore composed the scores for three films; "Seven", "The Game" and "Panic Room".


title: David Fincher

text: Darius Khondji and Jeff Cronenweth have served as cinematographers for Fincher's films. Khondji said, "Fincher deserves a lot of credit. It was his influence that pushed me to experiment and got me as far as I did". The director has hired sound designer Ren Klyce in all his films since 1995, whom Fincher trusts "implicitly". Fincher has also worked with film editor Angus Wall since 1988, who has worked on seven of his films, five of which he has edited. Donald Graham Burt has served as a production designer for six films and Bob Wagner has served as an assistant director for six. Lastly, casting director Laray Mayfield has worked with Fincher for more than twenty years. In a 2010 interview, Fincher said, "you don't have to love all of your co-collaborators, but you do have to respect them. And when you do, when you realize that people bring stuff to the table that's not necessarily your experience, but if you allow yourself to relate to it, it can enrich the buffet that you're going to bring with you into the editing room."


title: David Fincher

text: Fincher married model Donya Fiorentino in 1990 and divorced in 1995. They have one daughter together, born in 1994, Phelix Imogen. In 1996, he married producer Ceán Chaffin.


title: David Fincher

text: Tim Walker of "The Independent" praised Fincher's work, stating "His portrayals of the modern psyche have a power and precision that few film-makers can match." In 2003, Fincher was ranked 39th in "The Guardian"'s 40 best directors. In 2012, "The Guardian" listed him again in their ranking of 23 best film directors in the world, applauding "his ability to sustain tone and tension". In 2016", Zodiac" and "The Social Network" appeared in the BBC's 100 Greatest Films of the 21st Century list. In addition to films, Fincher has often been admired for producing some of the most creative music videos.


title: David Fincher

text: For his work of "The Social Network", Fincher is one of the four directors (alongside Quentin Tarantino, Steven Soderbergh, and Barry Jenkins) to ever sweep "The Big Four" critics awards for directing category (LA, NBR, NY, NSFC).


title: 6ix9ine

text: Daniel Hernandez (born May 8, 1996), known professionally as 6ix9ine (stylized 6IX9INE and pronounced "six nine") and also as Tekashi69, is an American rapper. His music has been marked by an aggressive style of rapping, while his controversial public persona is characterized by his distinctive rainbow-colored hair, extensive tattoos, legal issues, and publicized celebrity feuds.


title: 6ix9ine

text: Hernandez became widely known in late 2017 after the release of his debut single, "Gummo", which was a sleeper hit. He subsequently released the mixtape "Day69" (2018), which was supported by the singles "Kooda", "Keke" (featuring Fetty Wap and A Boogie wit da Hoodie), and "Gotti", all of which charted on the "Billboard" Hot 100. "Fefe" (featuring Nicki Minaj and Murda Beatz), the second single from his debut album "Dummy Boy" (2018), peaked at number three on the Hot 100. Despite negative critical reception, "Dummy Boy" peaked at number 2 on the "Billboard" 200 and was certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).


title: 6ix9ine

text: In 2015, Hernandez pleaded guilty to a felony count of use of a child in a sexual performance and received a four-year probation period and a 1,000-hour community service order. In 2018, he was arrested on racketeering and other weapons and drugs charges. Facing a minimum of 47 years in prison, he pleaded guilty to nine charges including conspiracy to commit murder and armed robbery in February 2019. During the trial, Hernandez testified for the prosecution against other Nine Trey gang members and was sentenced to two years in prison. In April 2020, he was granted early release during the COVID-19 pandemic following fears over his vulnerability to the disease due to his asthma condition. He was put on house arrest for the remainder of his term and was released in early August 2020.