title: North Sentinel Island

text: Like the Jarawas whose numbers have been decreasing, the Sentinelese population would face the potential threats of infectious diseases to which they have no immunity, as well as violence from intruders. The Indian government has declared the entire island and its surrounding waters extending from the island to be an exclusion zone to protect them from outside interference.


title: North Sentinel Island

text: The Andaman and Nicobar (Protection of Aboriginal Tribes) Regulation, 1956 provides protection to the Sentinelese and other native tribes in the region. The Andaman and Nicobar Administration stated in 2005 that they have no intention to interfere with the lifestyle or habitat of the Sentinelese and are not interested in pursuing any further contact with them or governing the island. Although North Sentinel Island is not legally an autonomous administrative division of India, scholars have referred to it and its people as effectively autonomous, or independent.


title: Joji (musician)

text: , known professionally as Joji and formerly as Filthy Frank and Pink Guy, is a Japanese singer-songwriter, rapper, comedian, and former YouTuber. Miller's music has been described as a mix between R&B, lo-fi, and trip hop.


title: Joji (musician)

text: Miller began his YouTube career in 2011 shortly after moving to the United States, gaining recognition for portraying oddball characters on the comedy channels TVFilthyFrank, TooDamnFilthy, and DizastaMusic. The channels, which featured comedy hip hop, rants, extreme challenges, and ukulele and dance performances, are noted for their shock humor and prolific virality. Miller's videos helped popularize the Harlem Shake, that contributed to the commercial success of Baauer's song of the same name which led to the production of memes and collaborations with YouTubers. As Pink Guy, Miller released two comedy studio albums and an extended play between 2014 and 2017.


title: Joji (musician)

text: In late 2017, Miller retired as a YouTuber to pursue a music career under the name Joji. His debut album, "Ballads 1", was released in 2018 and featured the single "Slow Dancing in the Dark". His second album, "Nectar" (2020), contained the singles "Sanctuary" and "Run". In 2022, he released the US "Billboard" Hot 100 top-ten single "Glimpse of Us", his highest-charting song, then going on to be featured on his third album, "Smithereens" (2022).


title: Joji (musician)

text: George Kusunoki Miller was born in Osaka, Japan. His father is Australian and his mother is Japanese. He attended Canadian Academy, an international school in Kobe, Japan, where he graduated in 2012. At age 18, he left Japan and traveled to the United States.


title: Joji (musician)

text: Miller created the "Filthy Frank" character during his time on his DizastaMusic YouTube channel, on which he created sketch comedy-based content. The channel started gaining popularity after his 2012 conceptualization of Filthy Frank, a character who was described as the anti-vlogger of YouTube by Miller. The first known video on this particular channel (before his creation of the Frank character) was uploaded on 19 June 2008, and was titled "Lil Jon falls off a table". The DizastaMusic channel has over 1 million subscribers and 177 million views . On 15 August 2014, Miller uploaded a video to the DizastaMusic channel announcing that he would not be posting any more video content onto the channel due to the risk of losing the channel due to the numerous copyright and community strikes it received. He also announced that future "Filthy Frank" content would be uploaded to a new channel he had created called TVFilthyFrank.


title: Joji (musician)

text: Miller's channel TVFilthyFrank had many different series, such as "Food" (和食ラップ), "Japanese 101", "Wild Games" and "Loser Reads Hater Comments". This channel currently has a total of 7.76 million subscribers and over one billion views . Miller created a third channel, TooDamnFilthy, on 1 July 2014. On this channel he had two series, "Japanese 101", which was also featured on his main channel, and "Cringe of the Week", which was usually abbreviated to "COTW". , TooDamnFilthy has 2.33 million subscribers and 332 million views.


title: Joji (musician)

text: Miller made attempts to maintain his privacy, such as deleting the video "Filthy Frank Exposes Himself?", where he revealed himself to be a college student in Brooklyn, New York City, and that he did not want to reveal personal information for fear of not being able to get a job later on due to the nature of his show.


title: Joji (musician)

text: On 27 September 2017, Miller announced the release of his first and currently only book, titled "Francis of the Filth", which addresses things uncovered in "The Filthy Frank Show", and serves as a culmination of the series.


title: Joji (musician)

text: On 29 December 2017, Miller released a statement on Twitter explaining that he had stopped producing comedy, including Filthy Frank, due to both "serious health conditions" and his lack of interest in continuing the series. In September 2018, Miller stated in a BBC Radio 1 interview that he had no choice but to stop producing comedy due to his health condition.


title: Joji (musician)

text: Miller always had a passion for music composition. He has expressed that even before his YouTube career, he had an interest in creating music and created his YouTube channel as a means of promoting it. In an interview with "Pigeons and Planes", he said, "I've always wanted to make normal music. I just started the YouTube channel to kind of bump my music. But then Filthy Frank and the Pink Guy stuff ended up getting way bigger than I thought so I had to kind of roll with it."


title: Joji (musician)

text: Miller's music under Pink Guy is often comical, staying true to the nature of his YouTube channel. His debut album, "Pink Season", debuted at number 70 on the "Billboard" 200. Under his comedy rap stage name, Pink Guy, Miller has produced one mixtape, one album, and one extended play, "Pink Guy", "Pink Season", and "", respectively. On 16 March 2017, Miller performed for the first time as Pink Guy at SXSW. Future plans were stated to include a "long overdue" tour, a third Pink Guy album and more progress on his personal music outside of the Pink Guy persona.


title: Joji (musician)

text: However, as of 29 December 2017, Joji has ceased production of all Filthy Frank-related content, including Pink Guy music.


title: Joji (musician)

text: Aside from the comedic and often rap-based music he created under the Pink Guy alias, Miller also created more serious and traditional music under another stage name, Joji, which became his primary focus in late 2017. Speaking on his transition from his YouTube career to his music career as Joji, Miller said to "Billboard" "now I get to do stuff that I want to hear." In the article by "Billboard", he specified that 'Joji' isn't a character like Filthy Frank and Pink Guy. "I guess that's the difference," he continues. "Joji's just me."


title: Joji (musician)

text: During his time growing up in Higashinada-ku, Kobe, Japan, Miller began to produce music and sing with friends as a side-hobby and a way to pass the time. After relocating to Manhattan, New York, Miller expanded upon his music career by starting his Pink Guy persona, which paved the way for his Joji persona. Miller originally announced his Joji album on 3 May 2014 alongside the first Pink Guy album. However, Miller subtly cancelled the project until he began releasing music under the name PinkOmega. Miller released two songs as PinkOmega: "Dumplings" on 4 June 2015 and "wefllagn.ii 5" on 28 August 2015, both of which were later released on the Pink Guy album "Pink Season", the latter being re-titled "We Fall Again".


title: Joji (musician)

text: Miller intended to keep the music made under Joji a secret from his fanbase due to them mainly wanting his comedic music. In late 2015, two singles were released, titled "Thom" and "You Suck Charlie"; both were released under a false alias, but it was quickly leaked that the user behind the account was Miller, which prompted him in January 2016 to publicly announce on Instagram that he was releasing a full-length commercial project titled "Chloe Burbank: Volume 1". In the same post, he linked his SoundCloud account.


title: Joji (musician)

text: Joji began releasing music under 88rising in 2017; the songs "I Don't Wanna Waste My Time" (on 26 April), "Rain on Me" (on 19 July), and "Will He" (on 17 October). Joji was featured in the song "Nomadic" with the Chinese rap group Higher Brothers. Miller performed live as Joji for the first time on 18 May 2017 in Los Angeles. The event was streamed by the Boiler Room. On 17 October 2017, Miller released the debut single from his debut commercial project, "In Tongues." The single, titled "Will He", was released on platforms Spotify and iTunes.


title: Joji (musician)

text: Miller's debut project under the moniker Joji, an EP titled "In Tongues", was released on 3 November 2017 by Empire Distribution. A deluxe version of the EP was released on 14 February 2018 with 8 remixes of songs from the EP along with the release of "Plastic Taste" and "I Don't Wanna Waste My Time" as part of the track listing. Joji released the song "Yeah Right" in May 2018, becoming his first to chart on a "Billboard" chart, peaking at 23 on the "Billboard" R&B Songs chart.


title: Joji (musician)

text: Miller debuted "Ballads 1" under the label 88rising on 26 October 2018, which quickly peaked the "Billboard" Top R&B/Hip Hop Albums Chart. Shortly after its release, Miller announced a North American tour, spanning 9 dates in early 2019. At that time, he was already on tour for "Ballads 1" in Europe. On 4 June 2019, Miller announced his new single titled "Sanctuary" through his Instagram page and released it on 14 June. It was accompanied by a music video, which was uploaded to 88rising's official YouTube channel.


title: Joji (musician)

text: Joji was featured in the song "Where Does the Time Go?" with Indonesian rapper Rich Brian on his second album "The Sailor". On 30 January 2020, Miller announced another new single, "Run", which released at midnight on 6 February, alongside a music video released later that day. On 2 March, he performed the song on "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon". On 16 April, Joji announced another new single, "Gimme Love", which released at midnight, and along with announced his upcoming album "Nectar", which was initially set to be released on 10 July 2020. However, on 12 June 2020, Joji announced that the album had been pushed back to 25 September 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.


title: Joji (musician)

text: On 9 June 2022, Joji released a new single titled "Glimpse of Us", which peaked at number 8 on the Billboard Hot 100. On 26 August, he released a second single called "Yukon (Interlude)". On 4 November, Joji released his album "Smithereens", alongside the single "Die For You". To promote the album, Joji has been touring in North America since September 2022.


title: Joji (musician)

text: Joji's music has been described as trip hop and lo-fi that blends elements of trap, folk, electronic, and R&B. His songs have been characterized as having "down tempo, melancholic themes and soulful vocals" with "minimalistic production". Joji himself classifies his work as dark love songs, with his 2020 album, "Nectar", dissecting cliché tropes and topics.


title: Joji (musician)

text: He has been compared to electronic artist James Blake, whom he has cited as an influence alongside Radiohead, Shlohmo and Donald Glover. In an interview with "Pigeons and Planes", Miller said that his music was inspired by his time growing up in Osaka and by boom bap instrumentals he listened to while attending Canadian Academy.


title: Joji (musician)

text: Miller's Filthy Frank show has had a significant impact on internet culture and is responsible for creating many internet memes. Miller's show has been hailed as "the epitome of odd."


title: Joji (musician)

text: Miller's videos had widespread impact, which included starting a viral dance craze known as the Harlem Shake in 2013, which was directly responsible for the debut of Baauer's "Harlem Shake" song atop the "Billboard" Hot 100.


title: Louis C.K.

text: Louis Alfred Székely (; born September 12, 1967), known professionally as Louis C.K. (), is an American stand-up comedian, screenwriter, actor, and filmmaker. C.K. won three Peabody Awards, three Grammy Awards, six Primetime Emmy Awards, and a Screen Actors Guild Award as well as numerous awards for "The Chris Rock Show", "Louie", and his stand-up specials "Live at the Beacon Theater" (2011) and "Oh My God" (2013). In 2015, "Rolling Stone" ranked C.K.'s stand-up special "Shameless" number three on their "Divine Comedy: 25 Best Stand-Up Specials and Movies of All Time" list and ranked him fourth on its 2017 list of the 50 best stand-up comics of all time.


title: Louis C.K.

text: C.K. began his career in the 1990s writing for comedians including David Letterman, Conan O'Brien, Dana Carvey, Chris Rock, and "Saturday Night Live". He was also directing surreal short films and directed two features—"Tomorrow Night" (1998) and "Pootie Tang" (2001). In 2001, C.K. released his debut comedy album, "Live in Houston", directly through his website and became among the first performers to offer direct-to-fan sales of tickets to his stand-up shows and DRM-free video concert downloads via his website. He became prolific releasing nine comedy albums, often directing and editing his specials as well. These specials include "Shameless" (2007), "Chewed Up" (2008), "Hilarious" (2010), and "Oh My God" (2013).


title: Louis C.K.

text: He gained prominence and widespread acclaim for his FX semi-autobiographical comedy-drama series "Louie" (2010-2015), which he created, directed and starred in. The series received numerous accolades with C.K. winning two Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Writing in a Comedy Series. In 2016, he created and starred in his self-funded web series "Horace and Pete", and co-created the shows "Baskets" and "Better Things" for FX and voiced the protagonist Max in the animated film "The Secret Life of Pets" in the same year. During this time he also had supporting acting roles in films such as David O. Russell's "American Hustle", Woody Allen's "Blue Jasmine" (both 2013), and the Hollywood blacklist drama "Trumbo" (2015).


title: Louis C.K.

text: In 2017, he admitted to several incidents of sexual misconduct following the release of an article in "The New York Times". This resulted in widespread criticism and caused his 2017 film "I Love You, Daddy" to be pulled from distribution prior to its release, and a halt in his stand-up career. In 2018, he returned to stand-up comedy and in 2019 announced an international tour. In 2020, C.K. released a new comedy special, "Sincerely Louis CK", on his website, for which he received a Grammy Award for Best Comedy Album. In 2021, he embarked on an international comedy tour and released a new comedy special, "Sorry" and co-wrote and directed the 2022 film "Fourth of July" starring Joe List.


title: Louis C.K.

text: Louis Alfred Székely was born in Washington, D.C., U.S., on September 12, 1967, the son of software engineer Mary Louise ("née" Davis) and economist Luis Székely. He has three sisters. His father is of Mexican and Hungarian-Jewish descent. C.K.'s Jewish paternal grandfather, Géza Székely Schweiger, had immigrated from Hungary to Mexico, and to appease his Mexican wife, they raised their children in the Catholic faith. C.K.'s mother, an American, was a Catholic with Irish ancestry.


title: Louis C.K.

text: When C.K. was an infant, his family moved to his father's home country of Mexico, where his father had earned a degree from the National Autonomous University of Mexico prior to graduating from Harvard. C.K.'s first language was Spanish; it was not until after they moved back to the U.S. when he was 7 that he began to learn English. He has said that he has since forgotten much of his Spanish. When C.K. left Mexico with his family, they moved back to the United States and settled in Boston, Massachusetts area, initially for a year in Framingham, Massachusetts.


title: Louis C.K.

text: Upon moving from Mexico to suburban Boston, C.K. wanted to become a writer and comedian, citing George Carlin, Bill Cosby and Richard Pryor as some of his influences. When he was 10, his parents divorced. C.K. said that his father was around but he did not see him much and when he remarried, C.K.'s father converted to Orthodox Judaism, the faith of his new wife. C.K. and his three sisters were raised by their single mother in Newton, Massachusetts. The fact that his mother had only "bad" TV shows to view upon returning home from work inspired him to work on television. C.K.'s mother raised her children as Catholic and they attended after-school Catholic class until they completed communion. C.K. has said that his father's whole family still lives in Mexico. C.K.'s paternal uncle Dr. Francisco Székely is an academic and an international consultant on environmental affairs who served as Mexico's Deputy Minister of Environment (2000–2003).


title: Louis C.K.

text: C.K. attended Newton North High School, and graduated in 1985. He graduated with future "Friends" star Matt LeBlanc. After graduation, C.K. worked as an auto mechanic and at a public access TV cable station in Boston. According to C.K., working in public access TV gave him the tools and technical knowledge to make his short films and later his television shows. "Learning is my favorite thing", he said. He also worked for a time as a cook and in a video store.


title: Louis C.K.

text: In 1984 at 17, C.K. directed the comedic short film "Trash Day". The New York University Tisch School of the Arts showed an interest in him as a filmmaker, but he instead decided to pursue a career in stand-up comedy. C.K.'s first attempt at stand-up was in 1985 at an open mic night at a comedy club in Boston, Massachusetts, during the apex of the comedy boom. He was given five minutes of time, but had only two minutes of material. He was so discouraged by the experience that he did not perform again for two years. As Boston's comedy scene grew, C.K. gradually achieved success, performing alongside acts such as Denis Leary and Lenny Clarke, and eventually he moved up to paid gigs, opening for Jerry Seinfeld and hosting comedy clubs until he moved to Manhattan in 1989. He performed his act on many televised programs, including "Evening at the Improv" and "Star Search". C.K.'s short film "Ice Cream" (1993), was submitted to the Aspen Shortsfest in 1994.


title: Louis C.K.

text: In 1993, he unsuccessfully auditioned for "Saturday Night Live", although he did later work with Robert Smigel, writing on the "TV Funhouse" shorts for the program. C.K.'s earliest writing job was for Conan O'Brien on the late-night talk show "Late Night with Conan O'Brien" from 1993 to 1994, before briefly writing for "Late Show with David Letterman" in 1995. C.K. has stated that Conan O'Brien kept C.K. in comedy by hiring him, as he planned to quit comedy the following day if he had not been hired for "Late Night with Conan O'Brien".


title: Louis C.K.

text: Throughout the spring of 1996, C.K. served as the head writer for "The Dana Carvey Show"; its writers also included Steve Carell, Stephen Colbert, Robert Smigel, and Charlie Kaufman. It was canceled after seven episodes. In 1996, HBO released his first half-hour comedy special. C.K. appeared several times on the animated show "Dr. Katz, Professional Therapist".


title: Louis C.K.

text: From 1997 to 1999, he wrote for "The Chris Rock Show". His work on the show was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award for writing three times, winning "Best Writing in a Variety or Comedy Series" in 1999. He was also nominated for an Emmy for his work writing for "Late Night with Conan O'Brien". He has been quoted as describing his approach to writing as a "deconstruction" that is both painful and frightening.


title: Louis C.K.

text: In 1998, C.K. wrote and directed the independent black-and-white film "Tomorrow Night", which premiered at Sundance, marking his feature film directorial debut after making several shorter films, including six short films for the sketch comedy show "Howie Mandel's Sunny Skies" (1995) on the Showtime cable network. C.K. self-released "Tomorrow Night" in 2014. He hosted the PBS show "ShortCuts" in 1999, which featured independent short films, including some made by C.K. himself. Also that year, C.K. devised and starred in "The Filthy Stupid Talent Show", a mock talent show television special. He had an early acting role in the independent comedy "Tuna", alongside Nick Offerman, in 2000 and performed on the stand-up showcase series "Comedy Central Presents" the following year.


title: Louis C.K.

text: C.K. wrote and directed the feature film "Pootie Tang" (2001), which was adapted from a sketch that was featured on "The Chris Rock Show" and featured Chris Rock in a supporting role. The film received largely negative reviews from critics, but has become a cult classic; in a half-star review, Roger Ebert declared it a "train wreck" and felt the film was "not in a releasable condition". Though C.K. is credited as the director, he was fired at the end of filming with the film being re-edited by the studio. C.K. has since co-written two screenplays with Rock: "Down to Earth" (2001) and "I Think I Love My Wife" (2007). His first comedy album, "Live in Houston", was released in 2001. In 2002, he voiced Brendon Small's estranged father, Andrew Small, in the animated sitcom "Home Movies". C.K. was among the writing staff of the sketch comedy show "Cedric the Entertainer Presents" (2002–03).


title: Louis C.K.

text: In August 2005, C.K. starred in a half-hour HBO special as part of the stand-up series "One Night Stand". Inspired by the work ethic of fellow comedian George Carlin, who had committed to dropping all of his existing material and starting over every year, in June 2006, C.K. starred in and wrote "Lucky Louie", a sitcom he created. The series premiered on HBO and was videotaped in front of a studio audience; it was HBO's first series in that format. "Lucky Louie" is described as a bluntly realistic portrayal of family life. HBO canceled the series after its first season. C.K. was also a part of Opie and Anthony's Traveling Virus Comedy Tour with other comedians in 2007. In 2007, he hosted a three-hour phone-in show on the service at the request of Opie & Anthony, during which he advised callers on their relationship troubles. During an interview with Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld on the show, C.K. repeatedly asked Rumsfeld whether he is in fact a reptilian space alien who "eats Mexican babies". Rumsfeld declined to comment and the video has since gone viral.


title: Louis C.K.

text: He appeared in three films in 2008: "Welcome Home Roscoe Jenkins", "Diminished Capacity", and "Role Models". C.K. launched his first hour-long special, "Shameless", in 2007, which aired on HBO and was later released on DVD. In March 2008, he recorded a second hour-long special, "Chewed Up", which premiered on Showtime Network on October 4, 2008, and was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Writing for a Comedy or Variety Special.


title: Louis C.K.

text: C.K. and his wife Alix Bailey divorced in 2008, with C.K. and Bailey sharing joint custody of their children. In a 2010 interview, C.K. talked about how, after his divorce, he thought, "well, there goes my act." He alluded to the way that his marriage had been central to his act and his life, and he said that it took him approximately a year to realize "I'm accumulating stories here that are worth telling." One element in his preparation for stand-up was training at the same boxing gym as Lowell, Massachusetts fighter Micky Ward, trying to "learn how to ... do the grunt work and the boring, constant training so that you'll be fit enough to take the beating."


title: Louis C.K.

text: A clip from an appearance by C.K. on Late Night with Conan O'Brien in October 2008 titled "Everything's Amazing and Nobody is Happy" became a viral hit on YouTube in 2009, helping his standup career to propel forward.


title: Louis C.K.

text: On April 18, 2009, C.K. recorded a concert film titled "Hilarious". Unlike his previous specials—which had all been produced for television networks—"Hilarious" was produced independently, directed by C.K. himself, and sold to Epix and Comedy Central after it was complete. As a result, it was not released until late 2010. It was published on DVD and CD in 2011. It is the first stand-up comedy film accepted into the Sundance Film Festival. From 2009 to 2012, C.K. played Dave Sanderson, a police officer and ex-boyfriend of Leslie Knope (played by Amy Poehler) in the sitcom "Parks and Recreation". He also co-starred in the romantic comedy fantasy film "The Invention of Lying", directed by and starring Ricky Gervais, in 2009.


title: Louis C.K.

text: FX picked up C.K.'s series "Louie" in August 2009, which C.K. stars in, writes, directs, and edits. The show features stand-up routines blended with segments partially based on his offstage experiences which address his life as a divorced, aging father. The show premiered on June 29, 2010. In season three, episodes dealt respectively with a date with an unstable bookshop clerk (played by Parker Posey); a doomed attempt to replace a retiring David Letterman; an aborted visit to C.K.'s father; and a dream-reality New Year's Eve episode in which C.K. ends up in China. These episodes were ranked in critic Matt Zoller Seitz's favorite 25 comedy episodes of 2012. Seitz called the episode "New Year's Eve" "truly audacious". C.K. has been nominated five times for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Comedy Series (2011–2015) for his work in "Louie", and won two Emmys in 2011 for the "Louie" episode "Pregnant" and for his special "Live at the Beacon Theater".


title: Louis C.K.

text: The show was renewed for a fourth season; with a 19-month hiatus after season 3 to accommodate C.K.'s roles in David O. Russell's "American Hustle" and Woody Allen's "Blue Jasmine" in 2013. During the 2014 Television Critics Association presentations, FX Networks' John Landgraf reported that "Louie" would return in spring 2015 for a shortened fifth season of seven episodes—compared to the 13 episodes of prior seasons. The fifth season premiered in April 2015 and an announcement said the series would take an "extended hiatus" in August 2015; C.K. stated in January 2016 that he "just doesn't know" whether it would return or not. In November 2017, in the wake of the misconduct allegations against C.K, FX cut ties with the embattled comic and filmmaker, ending their partnership. In 2018, however, FX CEO John Landgraf stated to "Variety", “I love ‘Louie’ and I love Louis C.K.'s work and I miss him, and I miss it,” and that "the network is ready to welcome C.K. back and is eager for “Louie” season six".


title: Louis C.K.

text: In 2011, C.K. joined fellow comedians Jerry Seinfeld, Chris Rock, and Ricky Gervais for a discussion of comedy in "Talking Funny", a one-hour television special that aired on HBO.


title: Louis C.K.

text: On December 10, 2011, C.K. released his fourth full-length special, "Live at the Beacon Theater". Like "Hilarious", it was produced independently and directed by C.K. However, unlike his earlier work, it was distributed digitally on his website, foregoing both physical and broadcast media. C.K. released the special for $5.00 and without DRM, hoping that these factors and the direct relationship between the artist and consumer would effectively deter illegal downloading. At the end of the special, the release of a new album, recorded at Carnegie Hall the previous year, is mentioned. By December 21, 2011, the sales of the special from C.K.'s website had already earned him over $1 million. C.K. hosted "Saturday Night Live" on November 3, 2012, and was subsequently Primetime Emmy Award-nominated for Outstanding Guest Actor in a Comedy Series.


title: Louis C.K.

text: The success of the special prompted other comedians, including Jim Gaffigan, Joe Rogan, and Aziz Ansari, to release their own specials with a similar business model. On May 11, 2012, C.K. additionally made two audio-only downloads available for $5.00 each: "" (and the audio version of his first HBO stand-up special, "Shameless"), as well as an audio-only version of "Live at the Beacon Theater". C.K.'s fifth one-hour special, "Oh My God", was recorded at the Celebrity Theatre in Phoenix, Arizona, and premiered on HBO April 13, 2013. It was also sold and distributed using the same model as C.K. used for "Live at the Beacon Theater".


title: Louis C.K.

text: In 2013, C.K. appeared in critically acclaimed films the first being Woody Allen's "Blue Jasmine" where he played the romantic interest of Sally Hawkins' character. C.K. originally auditioned for the role that went to Andrew Dice Clay, and Allen offered Louie the role that ended up in the film. Of the experience, C.K. stated, “I had this three-day part and I figured I’m a tourist on this movie. All I want is a little Woody moment to take home with me. It was so fun, and we had lunch, and I thought having lunch with him was my rewarding moment. And then after lunch, we shot one more scene and I got a big laugh on the set, and I thought, that’s my Woody moment".


title: Louis C.K.

text: Later that year, C.K. starred in David O. Russell's black comedy crime film "American Hustle", which was released in December 2013. C.K. played the role of FBI supervisor Stoddard Thorsen, the boss of Bradley Cooper's character. The film was a financial and critical hit, earning 10 Academy Awards nominations including Best Picture. C.K. earned a Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Cast in a Motion Picture.


title: Louis C.K.

text: C.K.'s production company, Pig Newton, where he works with producer Blair Breard, signed a contract to develop and executive produce pilots for FX Networks in 2013. In January 2014, an announcement said C.K. would produce and co-write a Zach Galifianakis–created comedy pilot for FX Networks. The 10-episode single-camera comedy, titled "Baskets", premiered on January 21, 2016. It features Galifianakis as the main character, a struggling clown named Chip Baskets in a pilot episode written by Galifianakis, Louis C.K. and Jonathan Krisel. C.K. released his sixth one-hour special "Live at the Comedy Store" to his website in January 2015, which, unlike his past few specials, was recorded at a club, The Comedy Store in West Hollywood. C.K. said he intended the material as an exercise in creating an act that hearkened back to his early days in comedy clubs. The special premiered exclusively on FX on May 28, 2015.


title: Louis C.K.

text: He returned to host "Saturday Night Live" on March 29, 2014, and May 16, 2015, and received Emmy Award nominations for Outstanding Guest Actor in a Comedy Series for both episodes. C.K. also attended the "Saturday Night Live 40th Anniversary Special", where he was chosen to introduce a montage of the pre-recorded sketches.


title: Louis C.K.

text: In May 2015, it was announced that C.K. would write, direct, and star in the film "I'm a Cop", to be produced by Scott Rudin, Dave Becky, and Blair Breard, with a budget of $8 million, although he later canceled the project. C.K. became the first comedian to sell out Madison Square Garden three times in a single tour in 2015. Audio from the tour was released by C.K. on his website as "Louis C.K.: Live at Madison Square Garden" through the pay what you want model. In November 2015, C.K. co-starred in the biographical drama film "Trumbo" as a composite character based on five different screenwriters who were blacklisted in Hollywood for their alleged ties to the Communist party during the 1940s.


title: Louis C.K.

text: He executive-produced the pilot for the Amazon Video black comedy series "One Mississippi", starring Notaro, in November 2015. It was ordered for a full season by Amazon.


title: Louis C.K.

text: In January 2016 C.K. and actor/comedian Albert Brooks were rumoured to create, write, executive produce, and provide the voices for the two main characters in an animated series pilot for FX. The following January, the series was announced to instead be premiering on TBS in 2018 and titled "The Cops", following two Los Angeles patrolmen. On January 30, 2016, he released the first episode of the tragicomic drama series "Horace and Pete" to his website, without any prior announcements. C.K. directed, wrote, and starred in the series as bar owner Horace, alongside Steve Buscemi, who portrays co-owner Pete. "Horace and Pete" pioneered the genre of 'sadcom'. James Poniewozik of "The New York Times" said the series "may best be described as a "Cheers" spec script by Eugene O'Neill: a snapshot of a family—and a country—suffering a hangover decades in the making." The self-financed series received a significantly positive reaction from critics, who largely focused on the performances of the veteran cast that includes C.K., Buscemi, Edie Falco, Steven Wright, Alan Alda, and Jessica Lange and C.K.'s writing. C.K. has expressed his interest in a second season. C.K. next voiced the lead, Max, a Jack Russell Terrier, in the animated comedy film "The Secret Life of Pets". The film was co-directed by Chris Renaud of the "Despicable Me" series, and was released on July 8, 2016. It grossed over $875 million worldwide. C.K. developed the series "Better Things" with its star Pamela Adlon, who had appeared on "Louie". C.K. co-wrote, co-produced, and directed the pilot. The show is about a single working actress mother and her struggles to raise three daughters. It premiered in September 2016 on FX. His stand-up special "2017" was filmed in Washington, D.C. and released on April 4, 2017, through the streaming service Netflix.


title: Louis C.K.

text: Barry Crimmins's stand-up special, "Whatever Threatens You", directed and produced by C.K., was released through his website in 2016.


title: Louis C.K.

text: On April 8, 2017, he hosted "Saturday Night Live" for a fourth time, where he received strong reviews for his opening monologue in which he tackled white privilege, and bits about a racist chicken, and talking animals. A critic from "The A.V. Club" wrote " no one's better at taking a joke to the edge and tiptoeing nimbly along it". C.K. also honored fellow comedian Don Rickles who died that week, saying during the goodnights portion stating, "I just want to say, Don Rickles was the funniest man in the world and he was also a lovely, beautiful guy. I'll miss him for the rest of my life".


title: Louis C.K.

text: C.K. directed the film "I Love You, Daddy" in secret, shooting entirely on black and white 35 mm film in June 2017. The film follows a television producer and writer played by C.K. called Glen Topher whose teenage daughter, played by Chloë Grace Moretz, is seduced by a much older film director (John Malkovich), causing Topher to become disconcerted. The film also features Charlie Day, Adlon, Rose Byrne, Edie Falco and Helen Hunt. It premiered at the 2017 Toronto International Film Festival in September, whereupon "The Guardian" film critic Peter Bradshaw gave the film a four-star review, calling it a "very funny and recklessly provocative homage to Woody Allen, channeling his masterpiece "Manhattan"."


title: Louis C.K.

text: In 2015, rumors about C.K.'s behavior towards women in his professional life began to appear on various websites, starting with comedian Roseanne Barr, who told "The Daily Beast" in an interview that she had heard stories of C.K., "locking the door and masturbating in front of women comics and writers". Barr added in a subsequent tweet that she had no idea if C.K. was a sexual offender or not, but said that given the number of accusations, he should address them.


title: Louis C.K.

text: Two years later, in a September 2017 "Vanity Fair" interview, comedian Tig Notaro cut ties with C.K., a one-time collaborator and producer on her show "One Mississippi", saying that he should address the rumors of sexual impropriety, and alluding to an unspecified "incident" between herself and C.K. As he had in the past, C.K. denied the allegations in a September 2017 "New York Times" interview, saying: "They're rumors, that's all that is... I don't think talking about that stuff in the press... is a good idea."


title: Louis C.K.

text: On November 9, 2017, The Orchard, distributor of C.K.'s upcoming film "I Love You, Daddy", canceled the New York premiere of the film due to "unexpected circumstances", while a scheduled appearance by C.K. on "The Late Show with Stephen Colbert" promoting the movie was also canceled. "The Hollywood Reporter" ran an article claiming that a very damaging story on the comedian was about to be published in the "New York Times", and the premiere was canceled to mitigate the damage. Later that day, the "Times" published allegations of sexual misconduct from five women against C.K. The women who spoke out in the article included comedy duo Dana Min Goodman and Julia Wolov, who claimed that C.K. had invited them to his hotel room in 2002 during the US Comedy Arts Festival, where he asked them if he could take out his penis. The two women assumed he was joking, but C.K. masturbated to completion in front of them. They relayed the incident to ImprovOlympics founder Charna Halpern. The comedian Rebecca Corry described that, on the set of a television pilot in 2005, she reported an incident to the show's producers where C.K. offered to masturbate in front of her, and no action was taken. Comedian Abby Schachner said that during a 2003 telephone conversation, C.K. began speaking about his sexual fantasies and masturbating. Schachner felt C.K.'s conduct was "unprofessional and inappropriate" given that she was inviting him as an established comedian to one of her comedy shows, and that C.K. was working in a writers room with Schachner's then-boyfriend. Schachner said that C.K. apologized for his past behavior several years later.


title: Louis C.K.

text: C.K. initially declined to answer the allegations in public. In a subsequent statement on November 10, after the "Times" article, C.K. admitted to behavior that he initially thought "was okay because I never showed a woman my dick without asking first", and went on to express remorse, stating, "the power I had over these women is that they admired me. And I wielded that power irresponsibly."


title: Louis C.K.

text: After C.K. exposed himself to Goodman and Wolov, his manager, Dave Becky, made it known to their manager that they might suffer professional consequences if they continued talking about the incident. Becky initially denied making any threats but later apologized for statements that he said could have been perceived as threats. He claimed to have no knowledge of any other incidents. He dropped C.K. as a client and apologized for a perceived "cover up". In subsequent days, Pamela Adlon and John Mulaney fired Becky as a manager for his role in the cover up. Separately, the comedian and journalist Megan Koester claims to have been threatened by Just for Laughs president Dave Hills when she asked several prominent comedians about the allegations at the festival in 2015.


title: Louis C.K.

text: The sexual misconduct had negative professional and personal consequences to known parties. Schachner decided not to pursue comedy; Goodman and Wolov were limited in their choice of work projects after what they described as threats by C.K.'s manager of facing professional consequences for speaking about C.K.'s behavior. Corry faced death threats for speaking about her experiences.


title: Louis C.K.

text: In the wake of the scandal, C.K. suffered severe repercussions, stating in 2018 that the fallout had taken him through "hell and back" and cost him approximately $35 million in lost income. The Orchard announced it would not distribute the film "I Love You, Daddy", and co-stars Chloë Grace Moretz and Charlie Day said they would not participate in the film's promotion. FX Networks announced it was cutting ties with C.K., and Netflix announced that it would not be moving forward with a second planned stand-up special featuring the comedian. HBO dropped C.K.'s appearance on an upcoming "Night of Too Many Stars" television special and removed his content from their on-demand services. TBS suspended production of, and eventually scrapped, its animated series "The Cops," co-created with Albert Brooks. Illumination, about to produce the animated children's film "The Secret Life of Pets 2" in which C.K. was to reprise his starring role from the previous film, terminated their relationship with him and hired Patton Oswalt as his replacement. The Disney Channel also removed C.K. from reruns of "Gravity Falls", redubbing his character's voice with series creator Alex Hirsch.


title: Louis C.K.

text: On August 26, 2018, C.K. made an unannounced appearance at the Comedy Cellar in Manhattan, New York. It was reported that he received an ovation from the audience, and performed a typical set making no reference to the sexual controversy.


title: Louis C.K.

text: His return to stand-up comedy was criticized by comedians including Aparna Nancherla, Ian Karmel, Allie Goertz, and Judd Apatow as being premature, whereas Dave Chappelle, Chris Rock, Bill Burr, Michael Che, Jim Gaffigan, Janeane Garofalo, Sarah Silverman, Wanda Sykes, Judy Gold, Marlon Wayans, Joe Rogan, and Kurt Metzger supported C.K.'s right to continue standup. Comedian Jerry Seinfeld also supported C.K.'s return to standup but opined that the public may have felt that C.K. had not owned up to his actions enough, saying in October 2018, "We know the routine: The person does something wrong. The person's humiliated. They're exiled. They suffer, we want them to suffer. We love the tumble, we love the crash and bang of the fall. And then we love the crawl-back. The grovel. Are you going to grovel? How long are you going to grovel?" Seinfeld added, "We, the court of public opinion, decided if he's going to come back, he'd better show a lot of pain. Because he denied (the public) that." Edie Falco, who starred in C.K.'s "Horace and Pete" and "I Love You, Daddy", expressed her hope that he would receive a second chance saying: "He's someone who admitted that he did what he was accused of doing and admitted that it wasn't right" and that "people who are committed to becoming aware of what they've done and changing, they can be our strongest proponents in an issue like this."


title: Louis C.K.

text: On December 31, 2018, an audience member secretly recorded C.K. working out new material and posted it online which drew media controversy. Included in his set, were jokes about school shootings which drew condemnation from Parkland survivors and a divided reaction from fellow comedians. Ricky Gervais defended C.K.'s jokes saying "[C.K.'s] got nothing against those [Parkland] kids. It was him pretending to be angry for comedy."


title: Louis C.K.

text: In October 2019, C.K. announced in an e-mail to subscribers of his website an international tour of his new material. Following the leak of his new material in December 2018, his future shows would require audience members to lock cell phones and other devices in Yondr cases which has become the norm with comedians Dave Chappelle, John Mulaney, and Aziz Ansari using them as well. Canadian comedian Mark Breslin and owner of Canadian comedy club chain Yuk Yuk's defended his decision to book C.K. again in Toronto, citing sold out tickets for five shows and a lack of controversy.


title: Louis C.K.

text: In January 2020, C.K. performed an unannounced set, receiving a standing ovation for the eighth annual benefit show for late comedian Patrice O'Neal, a yearly benefit of which comedian Bill Burr is the organizer.


title: Louis C.K.

text: Beginning in March 2020, most of C.K.'s shows were canceled due to the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States.


title: Louis C.K.

text: On April 4, 2020, C.K. self-released a new stand-up special entitled "Sincerely Louis CK" through his website without advance notice. In the credits, C.K. thanked various people, including comedians Dave Chappelle, Chris Rock, Bill Burr, Norm Macdonald and Joe Rogan, and his girlfriend Blanche Gardin, and dedicated the special to his mother who died in 2019. The special drew a divided response from audiences, including fellow comedian Amy Schumer, who said, "I laughed at a lot of it. But it's hard to not think of what he has done, what he has and hasn't learned, but I definitely laughed."


title: Louis C.K.

text: In July 2020, C.K. released an audio series of conversations between himself and then-girlfriend Blanche Gardin titled "Long Distance Relationship". Proceeds would go toward the Fistula Foundation and French charity Fondation Abbé Pierre.


title: Louis C.K.

text: On August 4, 2020, C.K. was invited by his longtime friend Dave Chappelle to join him in an installment of his standup series "An Intimate Socially Distanced Affair" at the Wirrig Pavilion in Yellow Springs, Ohio, during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. Photos emerged from the event of C.K. with Chappelle, Sarah Silverman, Michelle Wolf, Tiffany Haddish and Common. In October 2020, C.K. appeared in a docu-series titled "The Comedy Store" about the Los Angeles comedy club of the same name, directed by Mike Binder.


title: Louis C.K.

text: In May 2021, following the easing of restrictions in New York City due to the COVID-19 pandemic, C.K. made an unannounced stop at the Village Underground. He then announced upcoming tour-dates for summer 2021 in Atlanta, Nashville and Minneapolis.


title: Louis C.K.

text: In August 2021, C.K. announced a tour of the United States in the year 2021 and international dates for the year 2022. American dates include two nights at the Hulu Theater at Madison Square Garden. The tour rescheduled dates canceled due to COVID-19, acknowledging the ongoing pandemic and safety concerns. On "The Joe Rogan Experience" in November 2021, comedian Shane Gillis revealed that C.K. had filmed a new special at the Hulu Theater at Madison Square Garden. On 18 December 2021 C.K. announced the release of a new stand-up comedy special, titled "Sorry". The special was released for sale through his website, similar to other releases he has done in the past. He also offered a bundling of previous specials for a larger fee.


title: Louis C.K.

text: In April 2022, C.K. won the Grammy Award for Best Comedy Album for his special "Sincerely, Louis C.K."


title: Louis C.K.

text: In April and May 2022, C.K. appeared as a guest in a series of episodes of "Matt and Shane's Secret Podcast", a history podcast hosted by comedians Shane Gillis and Matt McCusker. The series is a four-part, six hour long discussion on the stories of each U.S. president in order.


title: Louis C.K.

text: June 2022 saw the premiere of C.K.'s film "Fourth of July", which he produced, directed, and co-wrote with fellow comedian Joe List. The film is a comedy drama that stars List as a recovering alcoholic jazz musician who confronts his emotionally abusive family. To promote the film, rather than using traditional talk shows, C.K. appeared on a number of well-known podcasts like The Joe Rogan Experience, Your Mom's House, Long Days with Yannis Pappas, Ari Shaffir's Skeptic Tank, Flagrant 2 and "Are You Garbage?".


title: Louis C.K.

text: C.K. has cited many comedians who have had an influence on him, including George Carlin, Woody Allen, Larry David, Joan Rivers, Robin Williams, Steve Martin, Richard Pryor and Bill Cosby.


title: Louis C.K.

text: C.K. innovated direct-to-consumer distribution in 2001 when he released his debut comedy album, "Live in Houston", directly through his website. He became one of the first performers to use his website to offer direct-to-fan ticket sales for his shows, as well as DRM-free video concert downloads. In this way, C.K. sold tickets for his stand-up tour, circumventing large ticket outlets, bypassing their overhead and the venues they control. C.K. has said the ticket outlets create barriers to consumers, whereas direct distribution is easy—and has effectively "closed the gap between how easy it was to steal it [versus] how easy it was to buy it". The success of the special prompted other comedians, including Jim Gaffigan, Joe Rogan, and Aziz Ansari, to release their own specials with a similar business model.


title: Louis C.K.

text: C.K. married artist Alix Bailey in 1995. Together, they have two daughters: Kitty Wees Székely (born 2002) and Mary Louise Székely (born 2005). The couple divorced in 2008. C.K.'s mother, Mary Louise Székely, died on June 3, 2019.


title: Louis C.K.

text: C.K. confirmed he was dating Blanche Gardin in 2018. In August 2022, he mentioned that they had broken up.


title: Louis C.K.

text: About political partisanship, C.K. stated, "Some things I think are very conservative, or very liberal. I think when someone falls into one category for everything, I'm very suspicious. It doesn't make sense to me that you'd have the same solution to every issue."


title: Louis C.K.

text: In March 2016, C.K. sent an email to those subscribed to his mailing list which was critical of the 2016 presidential race. C.K. stated he hoped for a conservative president but likened Republican Party presidential candidate Donald Trump to Adolf Hitler. He labeled Trump an "insane bigot" also adding, "He's not a monster. He's a sad man." C.K. later referred to the e-mail as "irrational". But he clarified to Stephen Colbert in April 2017 that Trump is not "some new kind of evil" but rather "a gross, crook, dirty, rotten, lying sack of shit", to boisterous approving applause from the "Late Show" audience.


title: Louis C.K.

text: In March 2020, C.K. donated to the Joe Biden 2020 presidential campaign. However, the campaign said that it has refunded the $2,800 donation from C.K. Neither Biden nor C.K. has released statements regarding the matter.


title: Louis C.K.

text: In 2011, by selling "Live at the Beacon Theater" on his website, C.K. earned a "million dollars in a matter of days, half of which he [gave] away to his staff and charities." Recipients included the Fistula Foundation, Green Chimneys, the Pablove Foundation, , and Kiva.


title: Louis C.K.

text: In 2016, he selected the Fistula Foundation as the beneficiary of his "Jeopardy!" Power Players Week appearance, and won $50,000 for the charity.


title: Louis C.K.

text: In April 2020, C.K. donated $30,000 to the wait staff at the Comedy Cellar in Greenwich Village during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States as part of a GoFundMe program called "Tip Your Wait Staff".


title: Louis C.K.

text: Louis C.K. is known as a writer, director, producer and actor who has acted in many television series, including "Lucky Louie" (2006), "Louie" (2010–2015) and "Horace and Pete" (2016). He has hosted "Saturday Night Live" four times, in 2012, 2014, 2015 and 2017. He has also appeared in television shows such as "Parks and Recreation" and "Portlandia". C.K. has also starred in a number of films such as Woody Allen's "Blue Jasmine", David O. Russell's "American Hustle" (both 2013) and Jay Roach's Hollywood blacklist drama "Trumbo" (2015).


title: Louis C.K.

text: For his work performing stand-up, writing, acting, directing, producing and editing, C.K. has received several awards and nominations. Among them are 39 Emmy Award nominations, with six wins. C.K. has won three Grammy Awards for Best Comedy Album for "Hilarious" in 2012, "Live at Madison Square Garden" in 2016 and "Sincerely Louis CK" in 2022. C.K. has also been nominated for two Golden Globes, and five Screen Actors Guild Awards winning one with the ensemble cast of "American Hustle" in 2013. C.K. has won three Peabody Awards in the area of Excellence in Entertainment for his shows, "Louie", "Better Things", and "Horace and Pete". For his work on "Louie" C.K. earned three Writers Guild of America Awards alongside his writing partner Pamela Adlon.


title: 2030 FIFA World Cup

text: The 2030 FIFA World Cup will be the 24th FIFA World Cup, a quadrennial international football tournament contested by the men's national teams of the member associations of FIFA. The event will mark the centennial of the first World Cup.


title: 2030 FIFA World Cup

text: The first proposed bid for the 2030 World Cup was by joint bid from the Argentine Football Association and Uruguayan Football Association. The second was by The Football Association of England. On 8 October 2020, the Royal Spanish Football Federation and the Portuguese Football Federation confirmed that the two countries would be putting forward a joint Iberian bid to host the World Cup. It was officially presented on 4 June 2021. Under FIFA rules as of 2017, the 2030 World Cup cannot be held in Asia (AFC) or in North America (CONCACAF), following the selection of Qatar for 2022, and Canada, Mexico and the United States for 2026.


title: 2030 FIFA World Cup

text: The joint bid by Argentina and Uruguay was announced on 29 July 2017. Before a match between Uruguay and Argentina in Montevideo four weeks later, Uruguay's Luis Suárez and Argentina's Lionel Messi – then teammates at FC Barcelona – promoted the bid with commemorative shirts. On 31 August, it was suggested that Paraguay would join as a third host. CONMEBOL, the South American confederation, confirmed the joint three-way bid in September. The Uruguay–Argentina–Paraguay bid would coincide with the centennial anniversary of the first FIFA World Cup final hosted by Uruguay as well as the bicentennial of the first Constitution of Uruguay. On 14 February 2019, Chile revealed their plans to join the three confirmed countries in hosting the tournament. Chile was accepted in the bid and will become the first-ever quartet to bid for the World Cup.


title: 2030 FIFA World Cup

text: In 2015, vice-chairman of The Football Association David Gill stated that his country could potentially bid for 2030, provided that the bidding process was made more transparent. Journalist Ben Rumsby wrote, "England is one of few countries that could stage even a 48-nation event in its entirety, while Football Association chief executive Martin Glenn made it clear earlier that year bidding for 2030 was an option." In June 2017, UEFA's president Aleksander Čeferin stated that Europe (UEFA) would definitely fight for its "turn" to host the World Cup in 2030. The same month, UEFA stated that "it would support a pan-British bid for 2030 or even a single bid from England."


title: 2030 FIFA World Cup

text: The bidding timeline was announced by the FIFA Council at their meeting in Shanghai, China, on 24 October 2019. The bidding process was launched in the second quarter of 2022 and the host will be chosen at the 74th FIFA Congress in 2024.


title: 2030 FIFA World Cup

text: On 17 June 2018, the Royal Moroccan Football Federation announced its co-bidding for the 2030 World Cup. There are two possible joint bids: one with Tunisia and Algeria, and another with Spain and Portugal.


title: 2030 FIFA World Cup

text: On 29 September, the executive board of the Union of North African Football Federations (UNAF) announced its interest in submitting a joint North African bid for the 2030 World Cup.


title: 2030 FIFA World Cup

text: In July 2019, Egyptian Football Association president Hany Abo Rida said Egypt would be ready to host a 48-team World Cup.


title: 2030 FIFA World Cup

text: Cameroonian then-presidential candidate Joshua Osih's political program included nominating his country along with two sub-Saharan African countries to host the 2030 World Cup. Interest had been thought to be high among many sub-Saharan African countries with the most likely being the Republic of the Congo, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gabon, the Central African Republic, Nigeria or Angola to join Cameroon in bidding for the 2030 World Cup. At the 2018 Cameroonian presidential election, Osih lost to re-elected long-time incumbent Paul Biya.


title: 2030 FIFA World Cup

text: On 13 September 2018, Prime Minister of Spain Pedro Sánchez discussed the possibility of Spain bidding for the 2030 World Cup with FIFA President Gianni Infantino and Royal Spanish Football Federation (RFEF) President Luis Rubiales.


title: 2030 FIFA World Cup

text: On 8 October 2020, Spain and Portugal confirmed that the two countries would be putting forward a joint bid to host the World Cup.


title: 2030 FIFA World Cup

text: The RFEF and the Portuguese Football Federation (FPF) jointly announced their intentions to bid for the tournament during a goalless friendly match between the two countries' national teams on 7 October. Before another goalless friendly between the two teams on 4 June 2021 (which also marked the centenary of Portugal's first international fixture, against Spain) the agreement to jointly support a bid was formalised. The respective presidents of the RFEF and FPF, Luis Rubiales and Fernando Gomes, ratified the agreement on behalf of their respective federations. Also in attendance to support the bid were King of Spain Felipe VI, President of Portugal Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa, Prime Minister of Spain Pedro Sánchez, Prime Minister of Portugal António Costa, and multiple government ministers and officials from both countries.


title: 2030 FIFA World Cup

text: On 5 October 2022, it was announced that Ukraine would join the co-host bid with Spain and Portugal. The bid was endorsed by Volodymyr Zelenskyy, the President of Ukraine. It is expected that if the bid is successful, Ukraine will host some of the group stage games. This would be the second major football tournament Ukraine has co-hosted, the first being UEFA Euro 2012, which was co-hosted with Poland.


title: 2030 FIFA World Cup

text: On 7 September 2019, the president of Ecuador Lenín Moreno proposed a joint bid for organising the 2030 World Cup alongside Colombia and Peru. On 14 September, the president of Colombia Iván Duque confirmed that Colombia would bid to host the World Cup along with Ecuador and Peru. He also claimed the president of Peru Martín Vizcarra said this World Cup was important.


title: 2030 FIFA World Cup

text: The intended bid had initially been shared between only Uruguay and Argentina. The intended bid followed an earlier web movement claiming that FIFA should give Uruguay hosting rights for the 100th anniversary of the first World Cup, which was held in Uruguay.


title: 2030 FIFA World Cup

text: The Uruguay–Argentina intention to bid was officially confirmed on 29 July 2017 before Paraguay was confirmed as the third host on 4 October 2017. Chile confirmed their bid to host with the group on 14 February 2019 as a joint communique from the confirmed nations.


title: 2030 FIFA World Cup

text: Current FIFA rules prevent Asian Football Confederation nations from hosting any World Cup until 2034, following the selection of Qatar for the 2022 event. Nevertheless, South Korea's President Moon Jae-in suggested in June 2017 that the 2030 World Cup be hosted by a Northeast Asian block including both South Korea and North Korea, saying it would improve relations in the region. Chung Mong-gyu, the head of the Korea Football Association, renewed the offer to the DPR Korea Football Association, the Chinese Football Association, and the Japan Football Association at the FIFA Congress in June 2018. President Moon discussed the proposal again with Infantino during the 2018 FIFA World Cup.


title: 2030 FIFA World Cup

text: On 5 June 2019, FIFA President Gianni Infantino referred to the FIFA Council meeting in October 2019 when he was asked for an update on the rules and timeline for the bidding process adding "We'll also see if there can be a bid from China".


title: 2030 FIFA World Cup

text: On 12 August 2021, it was reported that Football Australia had begun preliminary discussions with state-based major events officials, with Sydney 2000 Olympics bid chief Rod McGeoch beginning work on a bid. Brisbane will already host the 2032 Summer Olympics.


title: 2030 FIFA World Cup

text: Saudi Arabia (an AFC member) has been linked with a bid to host the 2030 World Cup. Saudi Arabia has never hosted a World Cup before. It has been thought Saudi Arabia's bid would involve a co-host, with rumored possibilities including Morocco or Egypt (both CAF members who also have never hosted a World Cup before) or Italy (a UEFA member which previously hosted the World Cup in 1934 and 1990). However, recent rumours have suggested that Saudi Arabia would bid to host the World Cup with Egypt and Greece as co-hosts.


title: 2030 FIFA World Cup

text: On 13 October 2021, FIFA President Gianni Infantino and Israeli Prime Minister Naftali Bennett released a statement announcing that Israel, a member of UEFA, had been exploring a potential joint bid with other signatories of the Abraham Accords, including the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Bahrain, both members of the AFC. Israel, Bahrain and the United Arab Emirates have never hosted a World Cup before. However, both Israel and the UAE have hosted editions of the Asian Cup, which was held in Israel in 1964, and in the UAE in 1996 and 2019.


title: 2030 FIFA World Cup

text: On 17 June 2018, England's The Football Association announced that they were in talks with home nations over a UK-wide bid to host the 2030 World Cup. On 1 August, it was reported that the FA was preparing a bid for England to host the World Cup in 2030. A decision was expected to be made in 2019, after the FA conducted a feasibility study on a potential bid. UEFA President Aleksander Čeferin wanted only one European bid to host the World Cup. He also considered the British bid as the wisest idea. There are also talks about the Football Association of Ireland joining a possible British bid. The Scottish Football Association considered the potential British bid as a great opportunity to get funds to renovate and redevelop Hampden Park in Glasgow, the Scotland national football team's home stadium. On 19 September, the Football Association of Ireland confirmed it joined the feasibility study for co-hosting the 2030 World Cup with England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. On 28 September, the then British Prime Minister Theresa May announced that the British Government would back any British and Irish FIFA World Cup bid. Furthermore, The Football Association and the Football Association of Wales confirmed that the five national governing bodies were in discussions about the feasibility of bidding to host the World Cup.


title: 2030 FIFA World Cup

text: On 15 July, deputy leader of the UK Labour Party, Tom Watson, earlier said that he and his party backed a 2030 World Cup bid for the UK. On 16 July, the then British Prime Minister Theresa May expressed her support for the bid. Although there had been no prior discussion with the Football Association, the Scottish FA also expressed an interest in joining a Home Nations bid. Former Scottish First Minister Henry McLeish called on the Scottish government and the Scottish Football Association to bid for the 2030 World Cup with the other British nations.


title: 2030 FIFA World Cup

text: On 1 March 2021, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, Boris Johnson, expressed interest in the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland hosting this World Cup, with the Treasury expected to pump £2.8 million into a bid for 2030. Feasibility studies by the Irish government and the UK government (including the devolved governments of Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales) have subsequently been initiated.


title: 2030 FIFA World Cup

text: Johnson added "We are very, very keen to bring football home in 2030." The football associations of the bidding nations issued a joint statement saying that they were delighted with the government's commitment to the bid.


title: 2030 FIFA World Cup

text: Following scenes of crowd disorder at the UEFA Euro 2020 final between England and Italy held on 11 July 2021 at Wembley Stadium Boris Johnson reiterated his hope that the UK and Ireland could still host the 2030 World Cup.


title: 2030 FIFA World Cup

text: On 5 January 2022, the five football associations announced a joint United Kingdom and Ireland bid for the Euro 2028, which made their own World Cup bid "unlikely to succeed" and rendered it doubtful. On 7 February, it was also announced that the 2030 bid would be abandoned and that the UK and Ireland would instead focus on a bid to host Euro 2028.


title: 2030 FIFA World Cup

text: On 2 November 2018, the leaders of Bulgaria, Greece, Romania and Serbia confirmed their intention to compete to host the tournament considering a combined bid. On 25 February 2019, it was officially confirmed that Romania, Bulgaria, Serbia and Greece would submit joint candidacy for the organisation of the UEFA Euro 2028 and the 2030 World Cup. The ministers signed a memorandum of understanding on 10 April. The project has been quietly abandoned, mainly due to Greece bidding with Egypt and Saudi Arabia.


title: Django Unchained

text: Django Unchained () is a 2012 American revisionist Western film written and directed by Quentin Tarantino, starring Jamie Foxx, Christoph Waltz, Leonardo DiCaprio, Kerry Washington, and Samuel L. Jackson, with Walton Goggins, Dennis Christopher, James Remar, Michael Parks, and Don Johnson in supporting roles. Set in the Old West and Antebellum South, it is a highly stylized, heavily revisionist tribute to Spaghetti Westerns, in particular the 1966 Italian film "Django" by Sergio Corbucci (the star of which, Franco Nero, has a cameo appearance). The story follows a black slave who trains under a German bounty hunter, with the ultimate goal of reuniting with his long-lost wife.


title: Django Unchained

text: Development of "Django Unchained" began in 2007 when Tarantino was writing a book on Corbucci. By April 2011, Tarantino sent his final draft of the script to The Weinstein Company. Casting began in the summer of 2011, with Michael K. Williams and Will Smith being considered for the role of the title character before Foxx was cast. Principal photography took place from November 2011 to March 2012 in California, Wyoming, and Louisiana.


title: Django Unchained

text: The premiere of "Django Unchained" took place at the Ziegfeld Theatre in New York City on December 11, 2012, and was theatrically released on December 25, 2012, in the United States, grossing over $425 million worldwide against its $100 million budget, becoming Tarantino's highest-grossing movie to date. The film received acclaim from critics, mainly for Waltz's performance and Tarantino's direction and screenplay, though the film's usage of the word "nigger" and its depiction of violence drew controversy. The film received numerous awards and nominations, winning two out of five nominations at the 85th Academy Awards. Waltz won several awards for his performance, among them Best Supporting Actor at the Academy Awards, Golden Globes and BAFTAs. For his screenplay, Tarantino won an Academy Award, a Golden Globe, and a BAFTA.


title: Django Unchained

text: In 1858 Texas, brothers Ace and Dicky Speck drive a group of shackled black slaves on foot. Among them is Django, sold off and separated from his wife von Shaft, a house slave who speaks German and English. They are stopped by Dr. King Schultz, a German dentist-turned-bounty hunter seeking to buy Django for his knowledge of the three outlaw Brittle brothers, overseers at the plantation of Django's previous owner and for whom Schultz has a warrant. When Ace refuses to sell Django to Schultz and levels his gun at him, Schultz kills him and shoots Dicky's horse in order to pin him to the ground. Schultz insists on paying a fair price for Django before leaving the other slaves to kill Dicky. Schultz offers Django his freedom and $75 in exchange for help tracking down the Brittles.


title: Django Unchained

text: Django and Schultz kill the Brittle brothers at Spencer "Big Daddy" Bennett's Tennessee plantation. Bennett lets Django and Schultz leave due to the warrant, but later tries attacking them with a posse. Schultz ambushes the posse with explosives and Django kills Bennett. Feeling responsible for Django, Schultz agrees to help him find and rescue . They return to Texas where Django collects his first bounty, keeping the handbill as a memento. He and Schultz rack up several bounties before spring, when they travel to Mississippi and learn that 's new owner is Calvin J. Candie, the charming but cruel owner of the Candyland plantation, where slaves are forced to wrestle to the death in brutal "Mandingo" fights. Schultz and Django hatch a plan: deciding that Candie will price Broomhilda beyond their reach if they try to buy her upfront, they will instead offer for one of his best fighters as a pretext to acquiring Broomhilda for a nominal sum. They meet Candie at his gentlemen's club and make the offer. Intrigued, Candie invites them to Candyland. En route, the group encounters Candie's slave trackers who have cornered D'Artagnan, an escapee Mandingo fighter. Schultz attempts to save him, but Django intervenes to prevent him from blowing their cover. Candie has the trackers' dogs maul D'Artagnan to death, visibly upsetting Schultz.


title: Django Unchained

text: Having told of their plan, Schultz offers to buy her as his escort while negotiating the initial deal during dinner. Candie's staunchly loyal and suspicious head house slave Stephen realizes that knows Django, deduces their plan and alerts Candie. Candie alters the deal at gunpoint to sell Broomhilda for $12,000 instead of the fighter; Schultz reluctantly agrees. During the sale's finalization, Candie threatens to kill Broomhilda if Schultz does not shake his hand to seal the deal. Having had enough of Candie's arrogance, Schultz shoots and kills Candie. Butch Pooch, Candie's bodyguard, kills Schultz, and Django kills Pooch, Candie's lawyer Leonide Moguy, and several of Candie's henchmen, but is forced to surrender when is taken hostage.


title: Django Unchained

text: The next morning, the chained Django is tortured and about to be castrated by Candie's henchman Billy Crash when Stephen arrives, informing him that Candie's sister Lara, who has taken charge of the plantation, has ordered him to be sold to a mining company and worked to death. En route there, Django devises an escape plan and uses his first handbill to prove to his escorts that he is a bounty hunter. He falsely says the men on the handbill are at Candyland and promises the escorts a share of the reward money. Once released, Django kills his escorts and returns to Candyland with dynamite. Recovering 's freedom papers from Schultz's corpse, Django bids him goodbye and avenges him and D'Artagnan by killing the trackers, and frees just as Candie's mourners return from his burial. At the mansion, Django kills Lara, Crash and the remaining henchmen, releases the two remaining house slaves, and kneecaps Stephen before igniting the dynamite he had planted throughout the mansion. Django and watch from a distance as the mansion explodes before riding off together.


title: Django Unchained

text: Other roles include James Russo as Dicky Speck, brother of Ace Speck and erstwhile owner of Django. Tom Wopat, Omar J. Dorsey and Don Stroud play U.S. Marshal Gill Tatum, Chicken Charlie and as Sheriff Bill Sharp respectively. Bruce Dern appears as Old Man Carrucan, the owner of the Carrucan Plantation. M. C. Gainey, Cooper Huckabee and Doc Duhame portray brothers Big John Brittle, Roger "Lil Raj" Brittle and Ellis Brittle respectively, overseers of both Carrucan and Big Daddy's plantations.


title: Django Unchained

text: In 2007, Tarantino discussed an idea for a type of Spaghetti Western set in the United States' pre-Civil War Deep South. He called this type of film "a Southern", stating that he wanted: Tarantino later explained the genesis of the idea:


title: Django Unchained

text: Tarantino finished the script on April 26, 2011, and handed in the final draft to The Weinstein Company. In October 2012, frequent Tarantino collaborator RZA said that he and Tarantino had intended to cross over "Django Unchained" with RZA's Tarantino-presented martial-arts film "The Man with the Iron Fists." The crossover would have seen a younger version of the blacksmith character from RZA's film appear as a slave in an auction. However, scheduling conflicts prevented RZA's participation.


title: Django Unchained

text: One inspiration for the film is Corbucci's 1966 Spaghetti Western "Django", whose star Franco Nero has a cameo appearance in "Django Unchained". Another inspiration is the 1975 film "Mandingo", about a slave trained to fight other slaves. Tarantino included scenes in the snow as a homage to "The Great Silence". ""Silenzio" takes place in the snow. I liked the action in the snow so much, "Django Unchained" has a big snow section in the middle," Tarantino said in an interview. Tarantino credits the character and attitude of the German dentist turned bounty hunter King Schultz to the German Karl May Wild West films of the 1960s, namely their hero Old Shatterhand.


title: Django Unchained

text: The title "Django Unchained" alludes to the titles of the 1966 Corbucci film "Django"; "Hercules Unchained", the American title for the 1959 Italian epic fantasy film "Ercole e la regina di Lidia," about the mythical hero's escape from enslavement to a wicked master; and to "Angel Unchained", the 1970 American biker film about a biker exacting revenge on a large group of rednecks.


title: Django Unchained

text: Among those considered for the title role of Django, Michael K. Williams and Will Smith were mentioned as possibilities, but in the end Jamie Foxx was cast in the role. Smith later said he turned down the role because it "wasn't the lead". Tyrese Gibson sent in an audition tape as the character. Franco Nero, the original Django from the 1966 Italian film, was rumored for the role of Calvin Candie, but instead was given a cameo appearance as a minor character. Nero suggested that he play a mysterious horseman who haunts Django in visions and is revealed in an ending flashback to be Django's father; Tarantino opted not to use the idea. Kevin Costner was in negotiations to join as Ace Woody, a Mandingo trainer and Candie's right-hand man, but Costner dropped out due to scheduling conflicts. Kurt Russell was cast instead but also later left the role. When Kurt Russell dropped out, the role of Ace Woody was not recast; instead, the character was merged with Walton Goggins's character, Billy Crash.


title: Django Unchained

text: Jonah Hill was offered the role of Scotty Harmony, a gambler who loses to Candie in a poker game, but turned it down due to scheduling conflicts with "The Watch." Sacha Baron Cohen was also offered the role, but declined in order to appear in "Les Misérables". Neither Scotty nor the poker game appear in the final cut of the film. Hill later appeared in the film in a different role. Joseph Gordon-Levitt said that he "would have loved, loved to have" been in the film but would be unable to appear because of a prior commitment to direct his first film, "Don Jon."


title: Django Unchained

text: In a January 2013 interview with "Vanity Fair", costume designer Sharen Davis said much of the film's wardrobe was inspired by spaghetti westerns and other works of art. For Django's wardrobe, Davis and Tarantino watched the television series "Bonanza" and referred to it frequently. The pair even hired the hatmaker who designed the hat worn by the "Bonanza" character Little Joe, played by Michael Landon. Davis described Django's look as a "rock-n-roll take on the character". Django's sunglasses were inspired by Charles Bronson's character in "The White Buffalo" (1977). Davis used Thomas Gainsborough's 1770 oil painting "The Blue Boy" as a reference for Django's valet outfit.


title: Django Unchained

text: In the final scene, wears a dress similar to that of Ida Galli's character in "Blood for a Silver Dollar" (1965). Davis said the idea of Calvin Candie's costume came partly from Rhett Butler, and that Don Johnson's signature "Miami Vice" look inspired Big Daddy's cream-colored linen suit in the film. King Schultz's faux chinchilla coat was inspired by Telly Savalas in "Kojak". Davis also revealed that many of her costume ideas did not make the final cut of the film, leaving some unexplained characters such as Zoë Bell's tracker, who was intended to drop her bandana to reveal an absent jaw.


title: Django Unchained

text: Principal photography for "Django Unchained" started in California in November 2011 continuing in Wyoming in February 2012 and at the National Historic Landmark Evergreen Plantation in Wallace, Louisiana, outside of New Orleans, in March 2012. The film was shot in the anamorphic format on 35 mm film. Although originally scripted, a sub-plot centering on Zoë Bell's masked tracker was cut, and remained unfilmed, due to time constraints. After 130 shooting days, the film wrapped up principal photography in July 2012.


title: Django Unchained

text: "Django Unchained" was the first Tarantino film not edited by Sally Menke, who died in 2010. Editing duties were instead handled by Fred Raskin, who had worked as an assistant editor on Tarantino's "Kill Bill". Raskin was nominated for a BAFTA Award for Best Editing but lost to William Goldenberg for his work on "Argo".


title: Django Unchained

text: Kerry Washington sought to bring authenticity to her performance in several ways. The actor playing her overseer used a fake whip, but Washington insisted the lashings really hit her back. And to dramatize her punishment inside an underground, coffin-size metal container, she and Tarantino agreed she would spend time barely clothed in the "hot box" before the filming began so the feeling of confinement would be as realistic as possible.


title: Django Unchained

text: During the scene when DiCaprio's character explains phrenology, DiCaprio cut his left hand upon striking the table and smashing a small glass. Despite his hand profusely bleeding, DiCaprio barely reacted and remained in character under the astonished eyes of his fellow actors. He is seen taking out pieces of broken glass from his hand during the scene. After Tarantino's cut, there was a standing ovation by the other actors to praise DiCaprio's performance despite the incident; Tarantino therefore decided to keep this sequence in the final cut. DiCaprio is seen with his left hand bandaged in the scene after when he is signing Broomhilda's papers. Contrary to popular belief, DiCaprio wiped fake blood on Washington's face in a separate take.


title: Django Unchained

text: The film features both original and existing music tracks. Tracks composed specifically for the film include "100 Black Coffins" by Rick Ross and produced by and featuring Jamie Foxx, "Who Did That To You?" by John Legend, "Ancora Qui" by Ennio Morricone and Elisa, and "Freedom" by Anthony Hamilton and Elayna Boynton. The theme, "Django", was also the theme song of the 1966 film. Musician Frank Ocean wrote an original song for the film's soundtrack, but it was rejected by Tarantino, who explained that "Ocean wrote a fantastic ballad that was truly lovely and poetic in every way, but there just wasn't a scene for it." Ocean later published the song, entitled "Wiseman", on his Tumblr blog. The film also features a few famous pieces of western classical music, including Beethoven's "Für Elise" and "Dies Irae" from Verdi's Requiem. Tarantino has stated that he avoids using full scores of original music: "I just don't like the idea of giving that much power to anybody on one of my movies." The film's soundtrack album was released on December 18, 2012. Morricone made statements criticizing Tarantino's use of his music in "Django Unchained" and stated that he would "never work" with the director after this film, but later agreed to compose an original film score for Tarantino's "The Hateful Eight" in 2015. In a scholarly essay on the film's music, Hollis Robbins notes that the vast majority of film music borrowings come from films made between 1966 and 1974 and argues that the political and musical resonances of these allusions situate "Django Unchained" squarely in the Vietnam and Watergate era, during the rise and decline of Black Power cinema. Jim Croce's hit "I Got a Name" was featured in the soundtrack.


title: Django Unchained

text: The first teaser poster was inspired by a fan-art poster by Italian artist Federico Mancosu. His artwork was published in May 2011, a few days after the synopsis and the official title were released to the public. In August 2011, at Tarantino's request, the production companies bought the concept artwork from Mancosu to use for promotional purposes as well as on the crew passes and clothing for staff during filming.


title: Django Unchained

text: "Django Unchained" was released on December 25, 2012, in the United States by The Weinstein Company and released on January 18, 2013, by Sony Pictures Releasing in the United Kingdom. The film was screened for the first time at the Directors Guild of America on December 1, 2012, with additional screening events having been held for critics leading up to the film's wide release. The premiere of "Django Unchained" was delayed by one week following the shooting at an elementary school in Newtown, Connecticut, on December 14, 2012.


title: Django Unchained

text: The film was released on March 22, 2013, by Sony Pictures in India. In March 2013, "Django Unchained" was announced to be the first Tarantino film approved for official distribution in China's strictly controlled film market. Lily Kuo, writing for "Quartz", wrote that "the film depicts one of America's darker periods, when slavery was legal, which Chinese officials like to use to push back against criticism from the United States". The film was released in China on May 12, 2013.


title: Django Unchained

text: The film was released on DVD, Blu-ray, and Digital Download on April 16, 2013. In the United States, the film has grossed $31,939,733 from DVD sales and $30,286,838 from Blu-ray sales, making a total of $62,226,571.


title: Django Unchained

text: "Django Unchained" grossed $162.8 million in the United States and Canada and $262.6 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $425.4 million, against a production budget of $100 million. , "Django Unchained" is Tarantino's highest-grossing film, surpassing his 2009 film "Inglourious Basterds", which grossed $321.4 million worldwide.


title: Django Unchained

text: In North America, the film made $15 million on Christmas Day, finishing second behind fellow opener "Les Misérables". It was the third-biggest opening day figure for a film on Christmas, following "Sherlock Holmes" ($24.6 million) and "Les Misérables" ($18.1 million). It went on to make $30.1 million in its opening weekend (a six-day total of $63.4 million), finishing second behind holdover "".


title: Django Unchained

text: On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 87% based on 291 reviews, and an average rating of 8.00/10. The website's critical consensus reads, "Bold, bloody, and stylistically daring, "Django Unchained" is another incendiary masterpiece from Quentin Tarantino." Metacritic, which assigns a rating to reviews, gives the film a weighted average score of 81 out of 100, based on 42 critics, indicating "universal acclaim". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "A−" on an A+ to F scale.


title: Django Unchained

text: Roger Ebert of the "Chicago Sun-Times" gave the film four stars out of four and said: "The film offers one sensational sequence after another, all set around these two intriguing characters who seem opposites but share pragmatic, financial and personal issues." Ebert also added, "had I not been prevented from seeing it sooner because of an injury, this would have been on my year's best films list." Peter Bradshaw, film critic for "The Guardian", awarded the film five stars, writing: "I can only say "Django" delivers, wholesale, that particular narcotic and delirious pleasure that Tarantino still knows how to confect in the cinema, something to do with the manipulation of surfaces. It's as unwholesome, deplorable and delicious as a forbidden cigarette." Writing in "The New York Times", critic A. O. Scott compared "Django" to Tarantino's earlier "Inglourious Basterds": "Like "Inglourious Basterds", "Django Unchained" is crazily entertaining, brazenly irresponsible and also ethically serious in a way that is entirely consistent with its playfulness." Designating the film a "Times" "critics" pick, Scott said "Django" is "a troubling and important movie about slavery and racism." Filmmaker Michael Moore praised "Django", tweeting that the movie "is one of the best film satires ever."


title: Django Unchained

text: To the contrary, Owen Gleiberman, film critic for the "Entertainment Weekly", wrote: ""Django" isn't nearly the film that "Inglourious" was. It's less clever, and it doesn't have enough major characters – or enough of Tarantino's trademark structural ingenuity – to earn its two-hour-and-45-minute running time." In his review for the "Indy Week", David Fellerath wrote: ""Django Unchained" shows signs that Tarantino did little research beyond repeated viewings of Sergio Corbucci's 1966 spaghetti Western "Django" and a blaxploitation from 1975 called "Boss Nigger", written by and starring Fred Williamson." "New Yorker"s Anthony Lane was "disturbed by their [Tarantino's fans'] yelps of triumphant laughter, at the screening I attended, as a white woman was blown away by Django's guns."


title: Django Unchained

text: An entire issue of the academic journal "Safundi" was devoted to "Django Unchained" in ""Django Unchained and the Global Western"," featuring scholars who contextualize Tarantino's film as a classic "western". Dana Phillips writes: "Tarantino's film is immensely entertaining, not despite but because it is so very audacious—even, at times, downright lurid, thanks to its treatment of slavery, race relations, and that staple of the Western, violence. No doubt these are matters that another director would have handled more delicately, and with less stylistic excess, than Tarantino, who has never been bashful. Another director also would have been less willing to proclaim his film the first in a new genre, the 'Southern'."


title: Django Unchained

text: "Django Unchained" garnered several awards and nominations. The American Film Institute named it one of their Top Ten Movies of the Year in December 2012. The film received five Golden Globe Award nominations, including Best Picture, and Best Director and Best Screenplay for Tarantino. Tarantino won an Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay. Christoph Waltz received the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor, the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor, and the BAFTA Award for Best Supporting Actor, his second time receiving all three awards, having previously won for his role in Tarantino's "Inglourious Basterds". The NAACP Image Awards gave the film four nominations, while the National Board of Review named DiCaprio their Best Supporting Actor. "Django Unchained" earned a nomination for Best Theatrical Motion Picture from the Producers Guild of America.


title: Django Unchained

text: Some commentators thought that the film's heavy usage of the word "nigger" is inappropriate, affecting them to an even greater extent than the depicted violence against the slaves. Other reviewers have defended the usage of the language in the historical context of race and slavery in the United States.


title: Django Unchained

text: African-American filmmaker Spike Lee, in an interview with "Vibe", said he would not see the film, explaining "All I'm going to say is that it's disrespectful to my ancestors. That's just me ... I'm not speaking on behalf of anybody else." Lee later wrote, "American slavery was not a Sergio Leone Spaghetti Western. It was a Holocaust. My ancestors are slaves stolen from Africa. I will honor them."


title: Django Unchained

text: Actor and activist Jesse Williams has contrasted accuracy of the racist language used in the film with what he sees as the film's lack of accuracy about the general lives of slaves, too often portrayed as "well-dressed Negresses in flowing gowns, frolicking on swings and enjoying leisurely strolls through the grounds, as if the setting is Versailles, mixed in with occasional acts of barbarism against slaves ... That authenticity card that Tarantino uses to buy all those 'niggers' has an awfully selective memory." He also criticizes the lack of solidarity between slave characters, and their general lack of a will to escape from slavery, with Django as the notable exception.


title: Django Unchained

text: Wesley Morris of "The Boston Globe" compared Samuel L. Jackson's Stephen character to black Republicans like Clarence Thomas or Herman Cain. Jackson said that he believed his character to have "the same moral compass as Clarence Thomas does". Jackson defended heavy use of the word "nigger": "Saying Tarantino said 'nigger' too many times is like complaining they said 'kyke' [sic] too many times in a movie about Nazis." The review by Jesse Williams notes, however, that these antisemitic terms were not used nearly as frequently in Tarantino's film about Nazis, "Inglourious Basterds", suggesting the Jewish community would not have accepted it.


title: Django Unchained

text: Marc Lamont Hill, a professor at Temple University, compared the fugitive ex–Los Angeles police officer Christopher Dorner to a real-life Django, saying "It's almost like watching 'Django Unchained' in real life. It's kind of exciting." Writing in the "Los Angeles Times", journalist Erin Aubry Kaplan noted the difference between Tarantino's "Jackie Brown" and "Django Unchained": "It is an institution whose horrors need no exaggerating, yet "Django" does exactly that, either to enlighten or entertain. A white director slinging around the n-word in a homage to '70s blaxploitation à la "Jackie Brown" is one thing, but the same director turning the savageness of slavery into pulp fiction is quite another."


title: Django Unchained

text: While hosting NBC's "Saturday Night Live", Jamie Foxx joked about being excited "to kill all the white people in the movie". Conservative columnist Jeff Kuhner wrote a reaction to the "SNL" skit for "The Washington Times", saying: "Anti-white bigotry has become embedded in our postmodern culture. Take "Django Unchained". The movie boils down to one central theme: the white man as devil—a moral scourge who must be eradicated like a lethal virus."


title: Django Unchained

text: Samuel L. Jackson told "Vogue Man" that ""Django Unchained" was a harder and more detailed exploration of what the slavery experience was than "12 Years a Slave", but director Steve McQueen is an artist and since he's respected for making supposedly art films, it's held in higher esteem than "Django", because that was basically a blaxploitation movie."


title: Django Unchained

text: Some reviews criticized the movie for being too violent. The originally planned premiere of "Django" was postponed following the Sandy Hook school shooting on December 14, 2012. Thomas Frank criticized the film's use of violence as follows:


title: Django Unchained

text: Not surprisingly, Quentin Tarantino has lately become the focus for this sort of criticism (about the relationship between the movies and acts of violence). The fact that "Django Unchained" arrived in theaters right around the time of the Sandy Hook massacre didn't help. Yet he has refused to give an inch in discussing the link between movie violence and real life. Obviously I don't think one has to do with the other. Movies are about make-believe. It's about imagination. Part of the thing is trying to create a realistic experience, but we are faking it. Is it possible that anyone in our cynical world credits a self-serving sophistry like this? Of course an industry under fire will claim that its hands are clean, just as the NRA has done – and of course a favorite son, be it Tarantino or LaPierre, can be counted on to make the claim louder than anyone else. But do they really believe that imaginative expression is without consequence?


title: Django Unchained

text: "The Independent" said the movie was part of "the new sadism in cinema" and added, "There is something disconcerting about sitting in a crowded cinema as an audience guffaws at the latest garroting or falls about in hysterics as someone is beheaded or has a limb lopped off".


title: Django Unchained

text: Adam Serwer from "Mother Jones" said, ""Django", like many Tarantino films, also has been criticized as cartoonishly violent, but it is only so when Django is killing slave owners and overseers. The violence against slaves is always appropriately terrifying. This, if nothing else, puts "Django" in the running for Tarantino's best film, the first one in which he discovers violence as horror rather than just spectacle. When Schultz turns his head away from a slave being torn apart by dogs, Django explains to Calvin Candie—the plantation owner played by Leo DiCaprio—that Schultz just isn't used to Americans."


title: Django Unchained

text: Although Tarantino has said about Mandingo fighting, "I was always aware those things existed", there is no definitive historical evidence that slave owners ever staged gladiator-like fights to the death between male slaves like the fight depicted in the movie. Historian Edna Greene Medford notes that there are only undocumented rumors that such fights took place. David Blight, the director of Yale's center for the study of slavery, said it was not a matter of moral or ethical reservations that prevented slave owners from pitting slaves against each other in combat, but rather economic self-interest: slave owners would not have wanted to put their substantial financial investments at risk in gladiatorial battles.


title: Django Unchained

text: The non-historical term "Mandingo" for a fine fighting or breeding slave comes not from Tarantino, but the 1975 film ""Mandingo"" which was itself based on a 1957 novel with the same title.


title: Django Unchained

text: Writing in "The New Yorker", William Jelani Cobb observed that Tarantino's occasional historical elasticity sometimes worked to the film's advantage. "There are moments," Cobb wrote, "where this convex history works brilliantly, like when Tarantino depicts the Ku Klux Klan a decade prior to its actual formation in order to thoroughly ridicule its members' veiled racism." However, Tarantino holds that the masked marauders depicted in the film were not the KKK, but a group known as "The Regulators". They were depicted as spiritual forebears of the later post-civil war KKK and not as the actual KKK.


title: Django Unchained

text: On the matter of historical accuracy, Christopher Caldwell wrote in the "Financial Times": "Of course, we must not mistake a feature film for a public television documentary", pointing out that the film should be treated as entertainment, not as a historical account of the period it is set in. ""Django" uses slavery the way a pornographic film might use a nurses' convention: as a pretext for what is really meant to entertain us. What is really meant to entertain us in "Django" is violence." Richard Brody, however, wrote in "The New Yorker" that Tarantino's "vision of slavery's monstrosity is historically accurate... Tarantino rightly depicts slavery as no mere administrative ownership but a grievous and monstrous infliction of cruelty."


title: Django Unchained

text: In December 2015, a $100 million lawsuit was filed against Tarantino by filmmakers Oscar Colvin Jr. and Torrance J. Colvin, who claimed that the script for "Django Unchained" bears extensive similarities to their film, titled "Freedom". The lawsuit was filed in a federal court in Washington, DC. On January 24, 2017, the lawsuit was dismissed.


title: Django Unchained

text: A comic book adaptation of "Django Unchained" was released by DC Comics in 2013. In 2015, a sequel crossover comic entitled "Django"/"Zorro" was released by Dynamite Entertainment, co-written by Tarantino and Matt Wagner, the latter being the first comic book sequel to a Quentin Tarantino film.


title: Django Unchained

text: Tarantino has said in an interview that he has 90 minutes of unused material and considered re-editing "Django Unchained" into a four-hour, four-night cable miniseries. Tarantino said that breaking the story into four parts would be more satisfying to audiences than a four-hour movie: "... it wouldn't be an endurance test. It would be a miniseries. And people love those."


title: Django Unchained

text: Tarantino’s first attempt at a "Django Unchained" sequel was with the unpublished paperback novel titled "Django in White Hell". However, after Tarantino decided that the tone of the developing story did not fit with the character's morals, he began re-writing it as an original screenplay which later became the director’s follow-up film, "The Hateful Eight".


title: Django Unchained

text: In June 2019, Tarantino had picked Jerrod Carmichael to co-write a film adaptation based on the "Django/Zorro" crossover comic book series. Tarantino and Jamie Foxx have both expressed interest in having Antonio Banderas reprise his role as Zorro from "The Mask of Zorro" and "The Legend of Zorro" in the film in addition to Foxx himself reprising his role as Django.


title: Cyberpunk 2077

text: Cyberpunk 2077 is an action role-playing video game developed by CD Projekt Red and published by CD Projekt. The story takes place in Night City, an open world set in the "Cyberpunk" universe. Players assume the first-person perspective of a customisable mercenary known as V, who can acquire skills in hacking and machinery with options for melee and ranged combat. The story follows V's struggle as he deals with a mysterious cybernetic implant that threatens to overwrite his body with the personality and memories of a deceased celebrity only perceived by V; the two must work together if there is any hope to separate the two and save V's life.


title: Cyberpunk 2077

text: The game was developed using the REDengine 4 by a team of around 500 people, exceeding the number that worked on the studio's previous game "" (2015). CD Projekt launched a new division in Wrocław, Poland, and partnered with Digital Scapes, Nvidia, QLOC, and Jali Research to aid the production. "Cyberpunk" creator Mike Pondsmith was a consultant, and actor Keanu Reeves has a starring role. The original score was led by Marcin Przybyłowicz, featuring the contributions of several licensed artists.