title: Borderlands (series)

text: In "Borderlands 2" and in the "Pre-Sequel", a "Badass Rank" system was added. By completing certain challenges, such as killing a number of enemies with a specific weapon type, the player would be awarded Badass points; for every 100 points, they can then redeem these for one of several small buffs to the player's attributes such as gun damage or shield capacity. Selecting the same buff repeatedly on redemption while using a given character would provide less beneficial rewards. However, these Badass buffs are shared by all characters that the player has so that if the player starts a new character, they will retain all the existing buffs, and new buffs when the points are redeemed will be more beneficial; the "Badass Rank" system has been replaced in "Borderlands 3" by the "guardian" system.


title: Borderlands (series)

text: All the games in the series use a comic book-like rendering approach, frequently mistaken as a cel-shaded technique. Instead, the games use fully realized hand-drawn textures and within the game engine, add noticeable outlines to create the appearance of a comic book setting.


title: Borderlands (series)

text: The games in "Borderlands" primarily take place on the planet Pandora. Pandora is believed to be rich with mineral wealth leading several interstellar megacorporations to send colony ships there to capitalize on it, but once they arrive, they find little of value outside of undecipherable alien artifacts from a long-extinct race known as the Eridians, and numerous native lifeforms make it too dangerous to colonize. Many of the corporations abandon the planet, leaving behind their workforce, former prisoners coerced into employment, who take over much of the planet as bandits and raiders. However, a study of the alien artifacts leads to the discovery of mythical Eridian Vaults filled with untold treasure and wealth, which are guarded by extremely powerful and ancient monsters. Corporations and military forces return to the planet, along with a number of Vault Hunters who seek to find the Vaults themselves. The settings are expanded to include the moon of Pandora in "Borderlands: The Pre-sequel", and other planets in "Borderlands 3" where further Eridian Vaults have been found.


title: Borderlands (series)

text: Several characters appear in multiple "Borderlands" games. The small yellow robot Claptrap (voiced by David Eddings, with Jim Foronda in "Borderlands 3"), the "de facto" mascot for the franchise, has appeared in all games as a non-player character (NPC) and in the "Pre-Sequel" as a playable character. The megalomaniacal CEO of the Hyperion Corporation, Handsome Jack (Dameon Clarke), is first encountered as the principal antagonist of "Borderlands 2", while the "Pre-Sequel" features him as an NPC whose rise to power is assisted by the player. After his death at the end of "Borderlands 2", Jack reappears in "Tales from the Borderlands" as an AI personality and in flashbacks in "Borderlands 3". The enigmatic "Angel" (voiced by Jennifer Green, portrayed in the video by Brittani Johnson) who guides the players through "Borderlands" is, in the sequel, revealed to be Jack's daughter.


title: Borderlands (series)

text: Also appearing across multiple games are several NPCs who act as vendors and quest-givers for the player. They include the erratic researcher Patricia Tannis (Colleen Clinkenbeard), the garage owner and mechanic Scooter (Michael Neumann), Scooter's younger sister and mechanic Ellie (Jamie Marchi), the bartender Mad Moxxi (Brina Palencia), the 13-year-old demolitions expert Tiny Tina (Ashly Burch), the gun company founder Mr. Torgue (Chris Rager), the gentleman hunter Sir Alistair Hammerlock (J. Michael Tatum), the junk dealer Janey Springs (Catherine Moore), the shady surgeon Dr. Zed (Ric Spiegel) and the gun merchant Marcus Kincaid (Bruce DuBose), who also narrates the opening cinematics.


title: Borderlands (series)

text: In each main game, the player chooses one of several player characters – "Vault Hunters" drawn to Pandora by the prospect of the alien riches contained within the Vaults – but as the games support up to four-player co-op gameplay, their continuity presents these characters as having witnessed the events of each game together. Several of these player-characters subsequently appear as non-player characters in future games.


title: Borderlands (series)

text: Shortly after the Dahl corporation leaves the planet Pandora at the start of "Borderlands", four Vault Hunters arrive to seek out the Vault – Roland, Lilith, Mordecai, and Brick. They are guided by a mysterious entity, the Guardian Angel, that lives within the planet's communication EchoNet system, to collect pieces of the Vault Key, but warned that the Vault can only be accessed every 200 years, and that time is soon approaching, urging them onward. They eventually complete the Key, but immediately come into conflict with the Atlas corporation coming back to claim Pandora and the Vault. The Vault Hunters fight Atlas back and locate the Vault, but upon opening, it releases a giant monster, named the "Destroyer". They fight off the monster and push it back into the Vault, which then closes, leaving Pandora safe.


title: Borderlands (series)

text: In the "Pre-Sequel", Jack, a low-level programmer for Hyperion, discovers another Vault on Pandora's moon, Elpis, and hires six more Vault Hunters – Wilhelm, Athena, Claptrap, Nisha, Timothy, and Aurelia – to seek it in the wake of the First Vault's closure. With the Vault Hunters' help, Jack is able to seize control of Helios, the Hyperion space station in orbit between Pandora and Elpis, and uses its resources to secure the Vault with the help of the Hunters. Inside, there is only a strange artifact in the shape of the Vault symbol, but when Jack touches it, he experiences visions of the imminent release of the "Warrior". Jack starts to go mad with power, and Lilith punches the artifact into his face, disfiguring him forever. Jack assumes his mask, becoming Handsome Jack, and takes over Hyperion as he swears vengeance on the Vault Hunters.


title: Borderlands (series)

text: In "Borderlands 2", six new Hunters have arrived to find a new Vault that has been discovered on Pandora, but Handsome Jack uses his vast array of Hyperion resources to try to stop them. The new Hunters – Axton, Maya, Salvador, Zer0, Gaige, and Krieg – are aided by Roland and his former Vault Hunters, now leading a resistance known as the Crimson Raiders, secured in their base "Sanctuary", and further guided by the Guardian Angel, who is revealed to be Jack's Siren daughter, dying from excessive usage of her powers. Jack had used Angel to trick the former Vault Hunters into opening the Vault on Pandora to gain access to Eridium, a special alien mineral with untold properties. After The Vault Hunters kill Angel in an act of mercy and to disrupt Jack's plan, Jack appears in Angel's chamber and proceeds to kill Roland. Lilith teleports The Vault Hunters to safety before being captured by Jack and used to finish charging the Vault Key. While they find the Vault, Jack arrives and joins them as they open it, and he summons forth the gigantic Warrior, which he wants to use to control Pandora and beyond. The Vault Hunters defeat the Warrior and leave Jack to his death before discovering that the Vault Key contains a map leading to Vaults across the galaxy, with Lilith stating "there's no rest for the wicked".


title: Borderlands (series)

text: Sometime after these events, in "Tales of the Borderlands", the absence of Jack's control leaves a power void on both Pandora and Hyperion. A Hyperion lackey, Rhys, and a con artist Fiona get caught up in events over the sale of a fake Vault Key to Rhys' superior for ten million dollars. They discover that there is another vault, the Vault of the Traveler, controlled by an Atlas prototype robot named Gortys. As they collect the scattered parts of Gortys, Rhys inadvertently downloads an AI copy of Handsome Jack's personality into his cybernetic mind. Rhys and Fiona's group makes to Helios in a makeshift spacecraft, and Scooter sacrifices himself to assure they get there. Once back on Helios, Jack takes over the entire station. Rhys and Fiona stop Jack and cause the station to crash into Pandora, wiping out Jack's personality for good. After going their separate ways for a while, They reunite to help defeat the Traveler, another giant Vault monster, freeing Gortys and leaving the Vault to be explored.


title: Borderlands (series)

text: "Borderlands 3" follows 7 years after the events of "Borderlands 2" and "Tales". After being forced to destroy "Sanctuary" to protect Pandora from a doomsday plot by former Dahl commander, Colonel Hector, Lilith and the Crimson Raiders recover the Vault Key/Map to discover the many Vaults that exist across the galaxy, and travel among planets via their new spacecraft "Sanctuary III". However, the Calypso Twins, Tyreen and Troy, have claimed themselves the rightful owners of the Vaults, creating a cult of personality, the Children of the Vault, from the remnant bandit factions of Pandora to secure these Vaults themselves, and making a strategic partnership with megacorporation Maliwan for military support. Lilith recruits new Vault Hunters – Zane, Amara, FL4K, and Moze – to help secure these Vaults before Tyreen and Troy can. They learn that the pair are Sirens themselves, seeking to absorb the power of the Vault monsters for their own to open the "Great Vault", revealed to be the planet Pandora itself, unaware that it still contains the "Destroyer", which is further explained to be a being intent on destroying the universe. With the help of former and new allies, the Crimson Raiders managed to stop the Calypso Twins and kill the Destroyer but at the cost of Maya and Lilith's lives, although the latter's fate is ambiguous.


title: Borderlands (series)

text: "Borderlands" was released in 2009, and combines traditional first-person shooter gameplay with character-building elements found in role-playing games, leading Gearbox to call the game a "role-playing shooter". Players choose to play as one of four characters: Lilith the Siren, Mordecai the Hunter, Brick the Berserker, and Roland the Soldier. The game awards experience points for enemies killed and objectives completed, as well as encouraging skillful gameplay by granting bonuses to more difficult actions such as headshots. Earned experience builds toward the threshold of the next level. Leveling up provides the player with additional "skill points", which are used to select various skills that allow character specialization.


title: Borderlands (series)

text: In addition to various melee weaponry, the character can wield an array of firearms, grenades, and specialized weaponry, which are procedurally generated to provide a rich variety of loot. The game supports solo play as well as a cooperative mode for up to four players. A New Game Plus mode allows players to replay the game with the same character at a higher difficulty level.


title: Borderlands (series)

text: The game is set on the planet Pandora, contested by bandits, mercenaries of interstellar corporations, dangerous wildlife and, eventually, eldritch alien abominations. As a "Vault Hunter", guided by the mysterious "Guardian Angel", the player is searching for a fabled vault full of alien loot. "Borderlands" is characterized by its offbeat humor and a cartoonish, cel-shaded art style.


title: Borderlands (series)

text: About 4.5 million copies of the game had been sold worldwide by 2011, an unexpected success for Gearbox. "Borderlands" received positive reviews, with an aggregate Metacritic score of 81 to 86, depending on the platform. It was complemented by four DLC packs: "The Zombie Island of Dr. Ned", "Mad Moxxi's Underdome Riot", "The Secret Armory of General Knoxx", and "Claptrap's New Robot Revolution".


title: Borderlands (series)

text: A remastered version for PC, PlayStation 4 and Xbox One – "Borderlands: Game of the Year Edition" – was released on April 3, 2019. It was released for Nintendo Switch version, which released on May 29, 2020.


title: Borderlands (series)

text: The sequel to "Borderlands", released in 2012, picked up the setting and gameplay mechanics of its predecessor. Again, players control one of four (or, with DLC, six) Vault Hunters, while the four-player characters of the original game re-appear as non-player characters. The story, written by Anthony Burch, focuses on the players' struggle with Handsome Jack, the megalomaniacal CEO of the Hyperion corporation, who seeks control of Pandora's mineral riches and alien artifacts.


title: Borderlands (series)

text: Gearbox released five DLC campaigns that continue the main game's story ("Captain Scarlett and Her Pirate's Booty", "Mr. Torgue's Campaign of Carnage", "Sir Hammerlock's Big Game Hunt", "Tiny Tina's Assault on Dragon Keep" and "Commander Lilith & the Fight for Sanctuary"). In addition, several DLC packs introducing two new player characters (Gaige the Mechromancer and Krieg the Psycho), more character development possibilities and quests have been released.


title: Borderlands (series)

text: Even more so than the first game, "Borderlands 2" was an unexpected critical and commercial success. It was one of the best-selling games of 2012, and has become the best-selling game in the history of its publisher 2K Games, with 8.5 million copies sold by February 2014. The game received aggregate Metacritic scores of 89 to 91, depending on the platform.


title: Borderlands (series)

text: A port of "Borderlands 2" for the PlayStation Vita handheld was released in 2014, offering the full game and some of its DLC, but limited to two-person multiplayer.


title: Borderlands (series)

text: Announced in April 2014, "Borderlands: The Pre-Sequel" was developed by 2K Australia and released for PS3, Xbox 360 and Windows PC in October 2014, as well as for Mac OS later in 2014. It is set on Elpis, the moon of Pandora, and its story – occurring between the events of the first two games – covers the rise of Handsome Jack to power. The game features four of Jack's henchmen as playable characters: Athena the Gladiator, Wilhelm the Enforcer, Nisha the Lawbringer and the robot Claptrap, "the Fragtrap". Jack's body double Timothy Lawrence and Sir Hammerlock's sister Aurelia were added later as DLC player characters. New game mechanics include the use of oxygen tanks and a boost jump.


title: Borderlands (series)

text: The game was re-released in 2015 as part of "", a compilation and port of "Borderlands 2" and "The Pre-Sequel!" for PlayStation 4 and Xbox One.


title: Borderlands (series)

text: "Borderlands 3" was released on September 13, 2019, for Windows, PlayStation 4 and Xbox One. The game had been in development at Gearbox as early as 2015, and was revealed at PAX East on March 28, 2019. Borderlands 3 was the best selling game in the Borderlands series, selling over five million copies within the first 5 days of its release, and reaching 8 million by the end of 2019.


title: Borderlands (series)

text: As with past games, players select one of four new Vault Hunters – Amara the Siren, Moze the Gunner, Zane the Operative and FL4K the Beastmaster – as they try to stop the Calypso Twins from acquiring the greatest power in the universe, including on planets other than Pandora.


title: Borderlands (series)

text: "" included "Borderlands 2" and "Borderlands the Pre-Sequel" for release on PlayStation 4 and Xbox One, as well as on Microsoft Windows and macOS, in March 2015. Both games were remastered by Iron Galaxy Studios and Armature Studio respectively to support the newer consoles, and included support for importing saves from either original game into the Collection to continue those characters.


title: Borderlands (series)

text: "Borderlands Legendary Collection" includes "Borderlands", "Borderlands 2", and "Borderlands the Pre-Sequel" for the Nintendo Switch, it was released in May 2020.


title: Borderlands (series)

text: To coincide with the release of "Borderlands 2", the iOS spin-off game "Borderlands Legends" was released on October 31, 2012, for iOS devices. It is more of a strategy game than a RPG and is played from a top-down perspective with players controlling all four Vault hunters from "Borderlands".


title: Borderlands (series)

text: "LootTheWorld" was a free mobile app available for iOS and Android released on December 12, 2013, and shut down on October 18, 2015. The app allowed users to scan barcodes and QR codes which unlocked items for "Borderlands 2" that could be transferred to the users game through their ShiFT account. The app was only available in the United States.


title: Borderlands (series)

text: "Tales from the Borderlands" is a more narrative- and character-driven, episodic game developed by Telltale Games with collaboration from Gearbox Software, featuring returning and new characters from the "Borderlands" games. Its five episodes were published between November 2014 to October 2015 for multiple platforms.


title: Borderlands (series)

text: The game follows two protagonists, the con artist Fiona and the Hyperion company man Rhys, as they somewhat questionably recount the plot of the game. Telltale Games aimed to incorporate two characteristics of the "Borderlands" series, gunplay and offbeat humor, into "Tales from the Borderlands".


title: Borderlands (series)

text: "Borderlands Online" was to be a China-exclusive online shooter game for PC and mobile devices, developed by 2K China and Gearbox Software, and published and operated by Shanda Games. It was slated to be released in 2015, but was cancelled in November 2015 when 2K China was closed because of profitability concerns.


title: Borderlands (series)

text: "Tiny Tina's Wonderlands" is a standalone game based on the "Borderlands" universe, but taking place in a high-fantasy setting, shortly after the events of "Tiny Tina's Assault on Dragon Keep" DLC for "Borderlands 2". Like "Borderlands", "Wonderlands" will support four-player cooperative combat using procedurally-generated weapons and loot, though with additional focus on magic and melee weapons in addition to guns. According to Gearbox's CEO Randy Pitchford, the game's concept had been in development for more than ten years. In addition to Ashly Burch voicing Tiny Tina, it will include voice work from Andy Samberg as Captain Valentine, Wanda Sykes as Frette the robot, and Will Arnett as the Dragon Lord. The game released in March 25, 2022, on Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4 and 5, and Xbox One and Series X/S.


title: Borderlands (series)

text: Ahead of "Wonderlands"s release, Gearbox released the "Assault on Dragon Keep" as a standalone game, "Tiny Tina's Assault on Dragon Keep: A Wonderlands One-Shot Adventure", on November 9, 2021, for Windows, PlayStation 4, and Xbox One.


title: Borderlands (series)

text: A successor to "Tales from the Borderlands", "New Tales from the Borderlands" introduces three new playable characters: Anu, an altruistic scientist, Octavio, Anu's brother who is seeking for fame and fortune, and Fran, the owner of a frozen yogurt store who uses a hoverchair for mobility. The trio must also work together as they seek a vault key which may grant them access to a vault stashed with treasures, while fighting against Tediore, a weapon manufactuer who has invaded Promethra, the home planet of the three protagonists. The game was released on October 21, 2022 for PC, PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Xbox One, Xbox Series X and Series S, and Nintendo Switch.


title: Borderlands (series)

text: The soundtrack for "Borderlands", written by Jesper Kyd, Raison Varner, Cris Velasco and Sascha Dikiciyan (Sonic Mayhem), was published as "Borderlands: Original Soundtrack" in 2009, featuring 27 tracks.


title: Borderlands (series)

text: The soundtrack for the sequel, by the same composers, was published as "Borderlands 2: Original Soundtrack" in 2012, featuring 23 tracks. Soundtrack albums for several DLC campaigns were released separately.


title: Borderlands (series)

text: Four issues of a comic miniseries, Borderlands: Origins, were published in print and digitally in November 2012. The series was written by Mikey Neumann and the artist Agustin Padilla, published by IDW. It tells the story of how the original four Vault Hunters came to be together at the beginning of "Borderlands", filling in their backstory and setting up the events of both games. Those are the titles:


title: Borderlands (series)

text: A second series, Borderlands: Fall of Fyrestone, also by Neumann and Padilla, was published in eight issues between July 2014 and April 2015. It followed the events of the first "Borderlands" game.


title: Borderlands (series)

text: Pocket Books published three "Borderlands" novels by John Shirley, covering Roland and Mordecai's origins and their adventures after the events of "Borderlands":


title: Borderlands (series)

text: A film adaptation of "Borderlands" is in production as of April 2021 as a tentpole movie by Lionsgate, with Avi Arad producing with Erik Feig. Gearbox CEO Randy Pitchford and Take-Two Interactive's CEO Strauss Zelnick will serve as executive producers. Craig Mazin will write the script and Eli Roth is to direct the film and co-write the film with Mazin, The film will star Cate Blanchett and Kevin Hart in the lead roles as Lilith and Roland, and will also include Jamie Lee Curtis, Jack Black, Ariana Greenblatt, Florian Munteanu, Haley Bennett, Edgar Ramirez, Olivier Richters, and Janina Gavankar.


title: Borderlands (series)

text: Alongside the reveal of "Borderlands 3", Gearbox presented a card game called "Borderlands: Tiny Tina's Robot Tea Party". Designed for two to five players and taking 15 minutes a game, the goal is to collect the necessary cards to assemble a specific Claptrap model, but which can be waylaid by action cards played by other players. The game is being published by Gearbox, XYZ Game Labs, and Nerdvana Games.


title: LG Corporation

text: LG Corporation (or LG Group) (), formerly Lucky-Goldstar from 1983 to 1995 (Korean: "Leokki Geumseong"; ), is a South Korean multinational conglomerate founded by Koo In-hwoi and managed by successive generations of his family. It is the fourth-largest chaebol in South Korea. Its headquarters are in the LG Twin Towers building in Yeouido-dong, Yeongdeungpo District, Seoul. LG makes electronics, chemicals, and telecommunications products and operates subsidiaries such as LG Electronics, Zenith, LG Display, LG Uplus, LG Innotek, LG Chem, and LG Energy Solution in over 80 countries.


title: LG Corporation

text: LG Corporation was established as Lak Hui Chemical Industrial Corp. in 1947 by Koo In-hwoi. In 1952, Lak Hui (락희) (pronounced "Lucky"; now LG Chem) became the first South Korean company to enter the plastics industry. As the company expanded its plastics business, it established GoldStar Co. Ltd. (now LG Electronics Inc.) in 1958. Both companies Lucky and GoldStar merged to form Lucky-Goldstar in 1983.


title: LG Corporation

text: GoldStar produced South Korea's first radio. Many consumer electronics were sold under the brand name GoldStar, while some other household products (not available outside South Korea) were sold under the brand name of Lucky. The Lucky brand was famous for hygiene products such as soaps and HiTi laundry detergents, but the brand was mostly associated with its Lucky and Perioe toothpaste. LG continues to manufacture some of these products for the South Korean market, such as laundry detergent.


title: LG Corporation

text: Koo In-hwoi led the corporation until his death in 1969, at which time, his son Koo Cha-kyung took over. He then passed the leadership to his son, Koo Bon-moo, in 1995. Koo Bon-moo renamed the company to LG in that year. The company also associates the letters LG with the company's tagline "Life's Good". Since 2009, LG has owned the domain name LG.com.


title: LG Corporation

text: Koo Bon-moo died of a brain tumor on 20 May 2018. In July 2018, it was announced that Koo Kwang-mo, the nephew and adopted son of Koo Bon-moo, will be the new CEO of LG. Koo Bon-moo adopted his nephew in 2004, after losing his only son in 1994, citing "a family tradition of male-only succession".


title: LG Corporation

text: LG and Hitachi created joint ventures named Hitachi-LG Data Storage in 2000 and LG Hitachi Water Solutions in 2011; among other partnerships it has had, LG has a long relationship with Hitachi dating back to the early years of Goldstar. Since then Hitachi has transferred technologies for LG's products such as radios, wires, TVs, home appliances, semiconductors, etc. The first JV between the two is LG Hitachi, which has been around since 1980s when it was established to import computers to Korea.


title: LG Corporation

text: LG had two joint ventures with Royal Philips Electronics: LG Philips Display and LG Philips LCD, but Philips sold off its shares in late 2008.


title: LG Corporation

text: In 2020, LG and Canadian auto supplier Magna International launched a joint venture known as LG Magna e-Powertrain. The new joint venture will manufacture components used in electric cars such as electric motors, inverters and onboard chargers.


title: LG Corporation

text: On 30 November 2012, comScore released a report of the October 2012 U.S. Mobile Subscriber Market Share that found LG lost its place as second in the U.S. mobile market share to Apple Inc.


title: LG Corporation

text: On 7 August 2013, comScore released a report of the June 2013 U.S. Smartphone Subscriber Market Share that found LG fell to fifth place in the U.S mobile market share.


title: LG Corporation

text: LG Corporation is a holding company that operates worldwide through more than 30 companies in the electronics, chemical, and telecom fields. Its electronics subsidiaries manufacture and sell products ranging from electronic and digital home appliances to televisions and mobile telephones, from Thin-film-transistor liquid-crystal displays to security devices and semiconductors. In the chemical industry, subsidiaries manufacture and sell products including cosmetics, industrial textiles, rechargeable batteries and toner products, polycarbonates, medicines, and surface decorative materials. Its telecom products include long-distance and international phone services, mobile and broadband telecommunications services, as well as consulting and telemarketing services. LG also operates the Coca-Cola Korea Bottling Company, manages real estate, offers management consulting, and operates professional sports clubs.


title: LG Corporation

text: LG owns the South Korean professional baseball team LG Twins, and is the main sponsor of basketball team Changwon LG Sakers. LG is also a partner of the American professional baseball team Texas Rangers.


title: Engine

text: An engine or motor is a machine designed to convert one or more forms of energy into mechanical energy.


title: Engine

text: Available energy sources include potential energy (e.g. energy of the Earth's gravitational field as exploited in hydroelectric power generation), heat energy (e.g. geothermal), chemical energy, electric potential and nuclear energy (from nuclear fission or nuclear fusion). Many of these processes generate heat as an intermediate energy form, so heat engines have special importance. Some natural processes, such as atmospheric convection cells convert environmental heat into motion (e.g. in the form of rising air currents). Mechanical energy is of particular importance in transportation, but also plays a role in many industrial processes such as cutting, grinding, crushing, and mixing.


title: Engine

text: Mechanical heat engines convert heat into work via various thermodynamic processes. The internal combustion engine is perhaps the most common example of a mechanical heat engine, in which heat from the combustion of a fuel causes rapid pressurisation of the gaseous combustion products in the combustion chamber, causing them to expand and drive a piston, which turns a crankshaft. Unlike internal combustion engines, a reaction engine (such as a jet engine) produces thrust by expelling reaction mass, in accordance with Newton's third law of motion.


title: Engine

text: Apart from heat engines, electric motors convert electrical energy into mechanical motion, pneumatic motors use compressed air, and clockwork motors in wind-up toys use elastic energy. In biological systems, molecular motors, like myosins in muscles, use chemical energy to create forces and ultimately motion (a chemical engine, but not a heat engine).


title: Engine

text: Chemical heat engines which employ air (ambient atmospheric gas) as a part of the fuel reaction are regarded as airbreathing engines. Chemical heat engines designed to operate outside of Earth's atmosphere (e.g. rockets, deeply submerged submarines) need to carry an additional fuel component called the oxidizer (although there exist super-oxidizers suitable for use in rockets, such as fluorine, a more powerful oxidant than oxygen itself); or the application needs to obtain heat by non-chemical means, such as by means of nuclear reactions.


title: Engine

text: All chemically fueled heat engines emit exhaust gases. The cleanest engines emit water only. Strict zero-emissions generally means zero emissions other than water and water vapour. Only heat engines which combust pure hydrogen (fuel) and pure oxygen (oxidizer) achieve zero-emission by a strict definition (in practice, one type of rocket engine). If hydrogen is burnt in combination with air (all airbreathing engines), a side reaction occurs between atmospheric oxygen and atmospheric nitrogen resulting in small emissions of , which is adverse even in small quantities. If a hydrocarbon (such as alcohol or gasoline) is burnt as fuel, large quantities of are emitted, a potent greenhouse gas. Hydrogen and oxygen from air can be reacted into water by a fuel cell without side production of , but this is an electrochemical engine not a heat engine.


title: Engine

text: The word "engine" derives from Old French , from the Latin –the root of the word . Pre-industrial weapons of war, such as catapults, trebuchets and battering rams, were called "siege engines", and knowledge of how to construct them was often treated as a military secret. The word "gin", as in "cotton gin", is short for "engine". Most mechanical devices invented during the industrial revolution were described as engines—the steam engine being a notable example. However, the original steam engines, such as those by Thomas Savery, were not mechanical engines but pumps. In this manner, a fire engine in its original form was merely a water pump, with the engine being transported to the fire by horses.


title: Engine

text: In modern usage, the term "engine" typically describes devices, like steam engines and internal combustion engines, that burn or otherwise consume fuel to perform mechanical work by exerting a torque or linear force (usually in the form of thrust). Devices converting heat energy into motion are commonly referred to simply as "engines". Examples of engines which exert a torque include the familiar automobile gasoline and diesel engines, as well as turboshafts. Examples of engines which produce thrust include turbofans and rockets.


title: Engine

text: When the internal combustion engine was invented, the term "motor" was initially used to distinguish it from the steam engine—which was in wide use at the time, powering locomotives and other vehicles such as steam rollers. The term "motor" derives from the Latin verb which means 'to set in motion', or 'maintain motion'. Thus a motor is a device that imparts motion.


title: Engine

text: "Motor" and "engine" are interchangeable in standard English. In some engineering jargons, the two words have different meanings, in which "engine" is a device that burns or otherwise consumes fuel, changing its chemical composition, and a motor is a device driven by electricity, air, or hydraulic pressure, which does not change the chemical composition of its energy source. However, rocketry uses the term rocket motor, even though they consume fuel.


title: Engine

text: A heat engine may also serve as a "prime mover"—a component that transforms the flow or changes in pressure of a fluid into mechanical energy. An automobile powered by an internal combustion engine may make use of various motors and pumps, but ultimately all such devices derive their power from the engine. Another way of looking at it is that a motor receives power from an external source, and then converts it into mechanical energy, while an engine creates power from pressure (derived directly from the explosive force of combustion or other chemical reaction, or secondarily from the action of some such force on other substances such as air, water, or steam).


title: Engine

text: Simple machines, such as the club and oar (examples of the lever), are prehistoric. More complex engines using human power, animal power, water power, wind power and even steam power date back to antiquity. Human power was focused by the use of simple engines, such as the capstan, windlass or treadmill, and with ropes, pulleys, and block and tackle arrangements; this power was transmitted usually with the forces multiplied and the speed reduced. These were used in cranes and aboard ships in Ancient Greece, as well as in mines, water pumps and siege engines in Ancient Rome. The writers of those times, including Vitruvius, Frontinus and Pliny the Elder, treat these engines as commonplace, so their invention may be more ancient. By the 1st century AD, cattle and horses were used in mills, driving machines similar to those powered by humans in earlier times.


title: Engine

text: According to Strabo, a water-powered mill was built in Kaberia of the kingdom of Mithridates during the 1st century BC. Use of water wheels in mills spread throughout the Roman Empire over the next few centuries. Some were quite complex, with aqueducts, dams, and sluices to maintain and channel the water, along with systems of gears, or toothed-wheels made of wood and metal to regulate the speed of rotation. More sophisticated small devices, such as the Antikythera Mechanism used complex trains of gears and dials to act as calendars or predict astronomical events. In a poem by Ausonius in the 4th century AD, he mentions a stone-cutting saw powered by water. Hero of Alexandria is credited with many such wind and steam powered machines in the 1st century AD, including the Aeolipile and the vending machine, often these machines were associated with worship, such as animated altars and automated temple doors.


title: Engine

text: Medieval Muslim engineers employed gears in mills and water-raising machines, and used dams as a source of water power to provide additional power to watermills and water-raising machines. In the medieval Islamic world, such advances made it possible to mechanize many industrial tasks previously carried out by manual labour.


title: Engine

text: In 1206, al-Jazari employed a crank-conrod system for two of his water-raising machines. A rudimentary steam turbine device was described by Taqi al-Din in 1551 and by Giovanni Branca in 1629.


title: Engine

text: In the 13th century, the solid rocket motor was invented in China. Driven by gunpowder, this simplest form of internal combustion engine was unable to deliver sustained power, but was useful for propelling weaponry at high speeds towards enemies in battle and for fireworks. After invention, this innovation spread throughout Europe.


title: Engine

text: The Watt steam engine was the first type of steam engine to make use of steam at a pressure just above atmospheric to drive the piston helped by a partial vacuum. Improving on the design of the 1712 Newcomen steam engine, the Watt steam engine, developed sporadically from 1763 to 1775, was a great step in the development of the steam engine. Offering a dramatic increase in fuel efficiency, James Watt's design became synonymous with steam engines, due in no small part to his business partner, Matthew Boulton. It enabled rapid development of efficient semi-automated factories on a previously unimaginable scale in places where waterpower was not available. Later development led to steam locomotives and great expansion of railway transportation.


title: Engine

text: As for internal combustion piston engines, these were tested in France in 1807 by de Rivaz and independently, by the Niépce brothers. They were theoretically advanced by Carnot in 1824. In 1853–57 Eugenio Barsanti and Felice Matteucci invented and patented an engine using the free-piston principle that was possibly the first 4-cycle engine.


title: Engine

text: The invention of an internal combustion engine which was later commercially successful was made during 1860 by Etienne Lenoir.


title: Engine

text: In 1877 the Otto cycle was capable of giving a far higher power to weight ratio than steam engines and worked much better for many transportation applications such as cars and aircraft.


title: Engine

text: The first commercially successful automobile, created by Karl Benz, added to the interest in light and powerful engines. The lightweight gasoline internal combustion engine, operating on a four-stroke Otto cycle, has been the most successful for light automobiles, while the more efficient Diesel engine is used for trucks and buses. However, in recent years, turbo Diesel engines have become increasingly popular, especially outside of the United States, even for quite small cars.


title: Engine

text: In 1896, Karl Benz was granted a patent for his design of the first engine with horizontally opposed pistons. His design created an engine in which the corresponding pistons move in horizontal cylinders and reach top dead center simultaneously, thus automatically balancing each other with respect to their individual momentum. Engines of this design are often referred to as flat engines because of their shape and lower profile. They were used in the Volkswagen Beetle, the Citroën 2CV, some Porsche and Subaru cars, many BMW and Honda motorcycles, and propeller aircraft engines.


title: Engine

text: Continuance of the use of the internal combustion engine for automobiles is partly due to the improvement of engine control systems (onboard computers providing engine management processes, and electronically controlled fuel injection). Forced air induction by turbocharging and supercharging have increased power outputs and engine efficiencies. Similar changes have been applied to smaller diesel engines giving them almost the same power characteristics as gasoline engines. This is especially evident with the popularity of smaller diesel engine propelled cars in Europe. Larger diesel engines are still often used in trucks and heavy machinery, although they require special machining not available in most factories. Diesel engines produce lower hydrocarbon and emissions, but greater particulate and pollution, than gasoline engines. Diesel engines are also 40% more fuel efficient than comparable gasoline engines.


title: Engine

text: In the first half of the 20th century, a trend of increasing engine power occurred, particularly in the U.S models. Design changes incorporated all known methods of increasing engine capacity, including increasing the pressure in the cylinders to improve efficiency, increasing the size of the engine, and increasing the rate at which the engine produces work. The higher forces and pressures created by these changes created engine vibration and size problems that led to stiffer, more compact engines with V and opposed cylinder layouts replacing longer straight-line arrangements.


title: Engine

text: Optimal combustion efficiency in passenger vehicles is reached with a coolant temperature of around .


title: Engine

text: Earlier automobile engine development produced a much larger range of engines than is in common use today. Engines have ranged from 1- to 16-cylinder designs with corresponding differences in overall size, weight, engine displacement, and cylinder bores. Four cylinders and power ratings from 19 to 120 hp (14 to 90 kW) were followed in a majority of the models. Several three-cylinder, two-stroke-cycle models were built while most engines had straight or in-line cylinders. There were several V-type models and horizontally opposed two- and four-cylinder makes too. Overhead camshafts were frequently employed. The smaller engines were commonly air-cooled and located at the rear of the vehicle; compression ratios were relatively low. The 1970s and 1980s saw an increased interest in improved fuel economy, which caused a return to smaller V-6 and four-cylinder layouts, with as many as five valves per cylinder to improve efficiency. The Bugatti Veyron 16.4 operates with a W16 engine, meaning that two V8 cylinder layouts are positioned next to each other to create the W shape sharing the same crankshaft.


title: Engine

text: The largest internal combustion engine ever built is the Wärtsilä-Sulzer RTA96-C, a 14-cylinder, 2-stroke turbocharged diesel engine that was designed to power the "Emma Mærsk", the largest container ship in the world when launched in 2006. This engine has a mass of 2,300 tonnes, and when running at 102 rpm (1.7 Hz) produces over 80 MW, and can use up to 250 tonnes of fuel per day.


title: Engine

text: An engine can be put into a category according to two criteria: the form of energy it accepts in order to create motion, and the type of motion it outputs.


title: Engine

text: The "internal combustion engine" is an engine in which the combustion of a fuel (generally, fossil fuel) occurs with an oxidizer (usually air) in a combustion chamber. In an internal combustion engine the expansion of the high temperature and high pressure gases, which are produced by the combustion, directly applies force to components of the engine, such as the pistons or turbine blades or a nozzle, and by moving it over a distance, generates mechanical work.


title: Engine

text: An "external combustion engine" (EC engine) is a heat engine where an internal working fluid is heated by combustion of an external source, through the engine wall or a heat exchanger. The fluid then, by expanding and acting on the mechanism of the engine produces motion and usable work. The fluid is then cooled, compressed and reused (closed cycle), or (less commonly) dumped, and cool fluid pulled in (open cycle air engine).


title: Engine

text: "Combustion" refers to burning fuel with an oxidizer, to supply the heat. Engines of similar (or even identical) configuration and operation may use a supply of heat from other sources such as nuclear, solar, geothermal or exothermic reactions not involving combustion; but are not then strictly classed as external combustion engines, but as external thermal engines.


title: Engine

text: The working fluid can be a gas as in a Stirling engine, or steam as in a steam engine or an organic liquid such as n-pentane in an Organic Rankine cycle. The fluid can be of any composition; gas is by far the most common, although even single-phase liquid is sometimes used. In the case of the steam engine, the fluid changes phases between liquid and gas.


title: Engine

text: "Air-breathing combustion engines" are combustion engines that use the oxygen in atmospheric air to oxidise ('burn') the fuel, rather than carrying an oxidiser, as in a rocket. Theoretically, this should result in a better specific impulse than for rocket engines.


title: Engine

text: A continuous stream of air flows through the air-breathing engine. This air is compressed, mixed with fuel, ignited and expelled as the exhaust gas. In reaction engines, the majority of the combustion energy (heat) exits the engine as exhaust gas, which provides thrust directly.


title: Engine

text: The operation of engines typically has a negative impact upon air quality and ambient sound levels. There has been a growing emphasis on the pollution producing features of automotive power systems. This has created new interest in alternate power sources and internal-combustion engine refinements. Though a few limited-production battery-powered electric vehicles have appeared, they have not proved competitive owing to costs and operating characteristics. In the 21st century the diesel engine has been increasing in popularity with automobile owners. However, the gasoline engine and the Diesel engine, with their new emission-control devices to improve emission performance, have not yet been significantly challenged. A number of manufacturers have introduced hybrid engines, mainly involving a small gasoline engine coupled with an electric motor and with a large battery bank, these are starting to become a popular option because of their environment awareness.


title: Engine

text: Exhaust gas from a spark ignition engine consists of the following: nitrogen 70 to 75% (by volume), water vapor 10 to 12%, carbon dioxide 10 to 13.5%, hydrogen 0.5 to 2%, oxygen 0.2 to 2%, carbon monoxide: 0.1 to 6%, unburnt hydrocarbons and partial oxidation products (e.g. aldehydes) 0.5 to 1%, nitrogen monoxide 0.01 to 0.4%, nitrous oxide <100 ppm, sulfur dioxide 15 to 60 ppm, traces of other compounds such as fuel additives and lubricants, also halogen and metallic compounds, and other particles. Carbon monoxide is highly toxic, and can cause carbon monoxide poisoning, so it is important to avoid any build-up of the gas in a confined space. Catalytic converters can reduce toxic emissions, but not eliminate them. Also, resulting greenhouse gas emissions, chiefly carbon dioxide, from the widespread use of engines in the modern industrialized world is contributing to the global greenhouse effect – a primary concern regarding global warming.


title: Engine

text: Some engines convert heat from noncombustive processes into mechanical work, for example a nuclear power plant uses the heat from the nuclear reaction to produce steam and drive a steam engine, or a gas turbine in a rocket engine may be driven by decomposing hydrogen peroxide. Apart from the different energy source, the engine is often engineered much the same as an internal or external combustion engine.


title: Engine

text: Another group of noncombustive engines includes thermoacoustic heat engines (sometimes called "TA engines") which are thermoacoustic devices that use high-amplitude sound waves to pump heat from one place to another, or conversely use a heat difference to induce high-amplitude sound waves. In general, thermoacoustic engines can be divided into standing wave and travelling wave devices.


title: Engine

text: Stirling engines can be another form of non-combustive heat engine. They use the Stirling thermodynamic cycle to convert heat into work. An example is the alpha type Stirling engine, whereby gas flows, via a recuperator, between a hot cylinder and a cold cylinder, which are attached to reciprocating pistons 90° out of phase. The gas receives heat at the hot cylinder and expands, driving the piston that turns the crankshaft. After expanding and flowing through the recuperator, the gas rejects heat at the cold cylinder and the ensuing pressure drop leads to its compression by the other (displacement) piston, which forces it back to the hot cylinder.


title: Engine

text: Non-thermal motors usually are powered by a chemical reaction, but are not heat engines. Examples include:


title: Engine

text: An "electric motor" uses electrical energy to produce mechanical energy, usually through the interaction of magnetic fields and current-carrying conductors. The reverse process, producing electrical energy from mechanical energy, is accomplished by a generator or dynamo. Traction motors used on vehicles often perform both tasks. Electric motors can be run as generators and vice versa, although this is not always practical.


title: Engine

text: Electric motors are ubiquitous, being found in applications as diverse as industrial fans, blowers and pumps, machine tools, household appliances, power tools, and disk drives. They may be powered by direct current (for example a battery powered portable device or motor vehicle), or by alternating current from a central electrical distribution grid. The smallest motors may be found in electric wristwatches. Medium-size motors of highly standardized dimensions and characteristics provide convenient mechanical power for industrial uses. The very largest electric motors are used for propulsion of large ships, and for such purposes as pipeline compressors, with ratings in the thousands of kilowatts. Electric motors may be classified by the source of electric power, by their internal construction, and by their application.


title: Engine

text: The physical principle of production of mechanical force by the interactions of an electric current and a magnetic field was known as early as 1821. Electric motors of increasing efficiency were constructed throughout the 19th century, but commercial exploitation of electric motors on a large scale required efficient electrical generators and electrical distribution networks.


title: Engine

text: To reduce the electric energy consumption from motors and their associated carbon footprints, various regulatory authorities in many countries have introduced and implemented legislation to encourage the manufacture and use of higher efficiency electric motors. A well-designed motor can convert over 90% of its input energy into useful power for decades. When the efficiency of a motor is raised by even a few percentage points, the savings, in kilowatt hours (and therefore in cost), are enormous. The electrical energy efficiency of a typical industrial induction motor can be improved by: 1) reducing the electrical losses in the stator windings (e.g., by increasing the cross-sectional area of the conductor, improving the winding technique, and using materials with higher electrical conductivities, such as copper), 2) reducing the electrical losses in the rotor coil or casting (e.g., by using materials with higher electrical conductivities, such as copper), 3) reducing magnetic losses by using better quality magnetic steel, 4) improving the aerodynamics of motors to reduce mechanical windage losses, 5) improving bearings to reduce friction losses, and 6) minimizing manufacturing tolerances. "For further discussion on this subject, see Premium efficiency.)"


title: Engine

text: By convention, "electric engine" refers to a railroad electric locomotive, rather than an electric motor.


title: Engine

text: Some motors are powered by potential or kinetic energy, for example some funiculars, gravity plane and ropeway conveyors have used the energy from moving water or rocks, and some clocks have a weight that falls under gravity. Other forms of potential energy include compressed gases (such as pneumatic motors), springs (clockwork motors) and elastic bands.


title: Engine

text: Historic military siege engines included large catapults, trebuchets, and (to some extent) battering rams were powered by potential energy.


title: Engine

text: A "pneumatic motor" is a machine that converts potential energy in the form of compressed air into mechanical work. Pneumatic motors generally convert the compressed air to mechanical work through either linear or rotary motion. Linear motion can come from either a diaphragm or piston actuator, while rotary motion is supplied by either a vane type air motor or piston air motor. Pneumatic motors have found widespread success in the hand-held tool industry and continual attempts are being made to expand their use to the transportation industry. However, pneumatic motors must overcome efficiency deficiencies before being seen as a viable option in the transportation industry.


title: Engine

text: A "hydraulic motor" derives its power from a pressurized liquid. This type of engine is used to move heavy loads and drive machinery.


title: Engine

text: Some motor units can have multiple sources of energy. For example, a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle's electric motor could source electricity from either a battery or from fossil fuels inputs via an internal combustion engine and a generator.


title: Engine

text: Speed refers to crankshaft rotation in piston engines and the speed of compressor/turbine rotors and electric motor rotors. It is measured in revolutions per minute (rpm).


title: Engine

text: Thrust is the force exerted on an airplane as a consequence of its propeller or jet engine accelerating the air passing through it. It is also the force exerted on a ship as a consequence of its propeller accelerating the water passing through it.


title: Engine

text: Torque is a turning moment on a shaft and is calculated by multiplying the force causing the moment by its distance from the shaft.


title: Engine

text: Vehicle noise is predominantly from the engine at low vehicle speeds and from tires and the air flowing past the vehicle at higher speeds. Electric motors are quieter than internal combustion engines. Thrust-producing engines, such as turbofans, turbojets and rockets emit the greatest amount of noise due to the way their thrust-producing, high-velocity exhaust streams interact with the surrounding stationary air.


title: Engine

text: Noise reduction technology includes intake and exhaust system mufflers (silencers) on gasoline and diesel engines and noise attenuation liners in turbofan inlets.


title: Eddie Money

text: Edward Joseph Mahoney (March 21, 1949 – September 13, 2019), known professionally as Eddie Money, was an American singer and songwriter who, in the 1970s and 1980s, had eleven Top 40 songs, including "Baby Hold On", "Two Tickets to Paradise", "Think I'm in Love", "Shakin'", "Take Me Home Tonight", "I Wanna Go Back", "Walk on Water", and "The Love in Your Eyes". Critic Neil Genzlinger of "The New York Times" called him a working-class rocker and Kristin Hall of the Associated Press stated he had a husky voice. In 1987, he was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Male Rock Vocal Performance for "Take Me Home Tonight".


title: Eddie Money

text: Edward Joseph Mahoney was born in Brooklyn, New York City on March 21, 1949, to a large family of Irish Catholics. His parents were Dorothy Elizabeth ("née" Keller), a homemaker, and Daniel Patrick Mahoney, a police officer. He grew up in Levittown, New York, but spent some teenage years in Woodhaven, Queens. Money was a street singer since the age of 11. As a teenager, he played in rock bands, in part to get dates from cheerleaders. He was thrown out of one high school for forging a report card. In 1967, he graduated from Island Trees High School.


title: Eddie Money

text: At the age of 18, he tried to follow in the footsteps of his grandfather, father, and brother as a New York City Police Department trainee. However, after working as a clerk and typist, he left in 1968 to pursue a career in music, as the police did not allow him to grow his hair long. "I couldn't see myself in a police uniform for 20 years of my life, with short hair," he later said. His bandmates also fired him because they did not want a police officer in the group. His father was not happy with the decision to play music and tore the Jimi Hendrix posters from his wall.


title: Eddie Money

text: In 1968, Money moved to Berkeley, California. There, he studied with vocal coach Judy Davis, and took on the stage name Eddie Money, dropping a few letters from his name and sarcastically referring to the fact that he was always broke.


title: Eddie Money

text: Money became a regular performer at clubs in the San Francisco Bay Area. After gaining the attention of Bill Graham, he secured a recording contract with Columbia Records, releasing his debut album in 1977. He charted with singles such as "Baby Hold On" and "Two Tickets to Paradise", about visiting his girlfriend despite not having money.


title: Eddie Money

text: In 1978, Money opened for Santana at Boston's Music Hall. The following year, he sang backing vocals on the bridge section on "I'm Alright", a song written and performed by Kenny Loggins. In 2014, Money claimed that Loggins never gave him credit for his contribution.


title: Eddie Money

text: In 1982, Money took advantage of the MTV music video scene with his humorous narrative videos for "Think I'm in Love", performed at The Mission Inn Hotel & Spa, and "Shakin'". In the early 1980s, he appeared on "The Midnight Special", "Fridays", and "Solid Gold". In 1978 and 1984, he appeared on "American Bandstand".


title: Eddie Money

text: Money's career began to decline following an unsuccessful 1983 album ("Where's the Party?") However, he made a comeback in 1986 with the album "Can't Hold Back", which received a music recording certification of platinum. "Take Me Home Tonight", a single from the album, peaked at No. 4 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart in the United States. Money only agreed to perform the song—which included a line from "Be My Baby", a song Ronnie Spector performed as part of The Ronettes—after Spector agreed to sing the line herself. In 1987, Money was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Male Rock Vocal Performance for "Take Me Home Tonight". "I Wanna Go Back" and "Endless Nights"—two other singles from the "Can't Hold Back" album—peaked at No. 14 and No. 21, respectively.


title: Eddie Money

text: In 1988, Money released "Nothing to Lose", which featured the Top 10 hit "Walk on Water" and the Top 40 hit "The Love in Your Eyes".


title: Eddie Money

text: Beginning in 1992, Money opened the summer concert season for the Pine Knob Music Theater in Clarkston, Michigan. In 1996, he wrote the theme music to "Quack Pack", a Disney cartoon.


title: Eddie Money

text: Money was inducted into the Long Island Music Hall of Fame in 2008. In January 2010, he performed a medley of his hit singles during the halftime performance at the Liberty Bowl.


title: Eddie Money

text: Money wrote and performed original songs for the films "Americathon" (1979), "Over the Top", "Back to the Beach" (both 1987), and "Kuffs" (1992), along with the television series "Hardball" (1989–1990).


title: Eddie Money

text: In the three days following Money's death, fans streamed "Take Me Home Tonight" more than 3.1 million times, which was an increase of 349% compared to the previous three-day period. Fans also streamed his other songs by 931% more than the three previous days.


title: Eddie Money

text: In 1997, he appeared in "Wonderland", a documentary film about Levittown, New York, where Money went to high school. In the film, he said if he had "two tickets to paradise, I'd probably get back to Levittown".


title: Eddie Money

text: Money played a fictionalized version of himself on a 1999 episode of season 5 of "The Drew Carey Show". In the episode, he had been Mimi's first husband early in his career and they never made their divorce official. In May 2002, he played himself on an episode of the sitcom "The King of Queens".


title: Eddie Money

text: In October 2011, Money became the host of "Money in the Morning", a radio show on WSRV. The gig lasted about three months. He appeared in a 2012 GEICO insurance commercial in which he is depicted as a travel agency owner who sings "Two Tickets to Paradise" to a family that wants tickets for a vacation.


title: Eddie Money

text: In January 2016, Money partnered with Howard Perl Entertainment, MTV VJ Nina Blackwood, and Hard Rock Rocksino to produce "Money for the Animals", a show designed to raise funds and adopt rescue animals in need.


title: Eddie Money

text: In 2018, Money appeared in episode 6 of "The Kominsky Method" as a fictionalized version of himself who is indebted to the Internal Revenue Service and portrays the character Freddie Money in an eponymous tribute act at a casino to avoid further tax problems.


title: Eddie Money

text: On April 8, 2018, "Real Money", a reality television series about Money and his family, debuted on AXS TV. An episode sharing his cancer diagnosis aired on AXS TV the day before he died. The show's second season was expected to follow Money's "journey as he tells his family about the disease and undergoes treatment."


title: Eddie Money

text: In late April 2018, Weekly Alibi's August March interviewed Money, who waxed poetic about his career, his family and his new television show.


title: Eddie Money

text: In 1980, after drinking vodka, Money overdosed on a synthetic barbiturate that he mistook for cocaine. He suffered damage to the sciatic nerve on his left leg, was unable to walk for months, and had a permanent limp thereafter.


title: Eddie Money

text: On Valentine's Day 1984 in Moraga, California, Money married Margo Lee Walker, a student from Los Angeles. He and his bride tried to keep the wedding private, "but a crowd of screaming teenage fans showed up."


title: Eddie Money

text: Money married Laurie Harris in 1989. Together, they had five children: Zachary, Jessica, Joseph, Julian, and Desmond. They were married for 30 years and had renewed their vows three months prior to his death.


title: Eddie Money

text: In March 2000, Money purchased a home in Westlake Village, California, where he lived with his family. At one point in the early 2000s, Money also had a home in Island Estates, a gated community in Palm Coast, Florida, which he called "my place to play golf, be creative, go fishing, go surfing and have fun".


title: Eddie Money

text: In 2001, Money joined a 12-step program to deal with his drinking and made a promise to his wife and children that he would change. In 2003, he reported that he was clean and sober.


title: Eddie Money

text: In July 2019, Money underwent a minimally invasive heart valve replacement surgery and developed pneumonia, causing him to cancel tour dates. He had been a cigarette smoker for years. On August 24, 2019, he revealed that he had been diagnosed with stage 4 esophageal cancer. Complications from the cancer resulted in his death at Keck Hospital of USC in Los Angeles on September 13, 2019, at age 70. A year later, his family filed a lawsuit alleging wrongful death against the hospital, with an additional allegation of medical malpractice.


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: PAW Patrol: The Movie is a 2021 Canadian computer-animated action-adventure comedy film based on the television series "PAW Patrol" created by Keith Chapman. The film was produced by Spin Master Entertainment, the toy company behind the series, with animation provided by Mikros Image, and released by Paramount Pictures and Nickelodeon Movies. The events of the film take place during the eighth season of the series. It is directed by Cal Brunker, who co-wrote the screenplay with Billy Frolick and Bob Barlen from a story by Frolick. The film was the first of several planned films produced under the Spin Master Entertainment banner. Several cast members from the original series reprised their roles, including Kingsley Marshall (voicing Marshall), Keegan Hedley (voicing Rubble), Shayle Simons (voicing Zuma), Lilly Bartlam (voicing Skye) and Ron Pardo (voicing both Cap'n Turbot and Mayor Humdinger). They are joined by newcomers Iain Armitage, Marsai Martin, Yara Shahidi, Kim Kardashian, Randall Park, Dax Shepard, Tyler Perry, Jimmy Kimmel, and introducing Will Brisbin in his film debut as Ryder. In the film, Ryder and the PAW Patrol pups are called to Adventure City to stop the recently-elected Mayor Humdinger from turning the bustling metropolis into a state of chaos to face the challenge in order to save its citizens.


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: Ronnen Harary announced that Spin Master was "currently considering whether to extend the "PAW Patrol" franchise into feature films at some point in the next 12 to 24 months" in November 2017. Development for the feature film based on "PAW Patrol" television series began in February 2020, with Brunker attached to direct, and Barlen and Frolick attached to write the screenplay. From October 2020 to May 2021, the voice casting call began. Production was done remotely in both the United States and Canada during the COVID-19 pandemic. The film was produced almost entirely in Canada; according to Brunker, "95 percent of everything" happened in Canada, with the exception being some audio recording.


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: "PAW Patrol: The Movie" premiered at the Vue Leicester Square in London on August 8, 2021. It was theatrically released in the United Kingdom and Ireland one day later before it was released in both Canada and the United States on August 20, 2021. It was also made available on Paramount+ on the same day. The film received generally positive reviews from critics and became a box office success, grossing over $144 million worldwide against a production budget of $26 million. It was commended for its humor, animation, themes, characterization, soundtrack, and action scenes, though some were critical for its writing, pacing and focusing too much on the franchise's merchandising arm.


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: A sequel, titled "", is scheduled to be released on October 13, 2023, featuring elements from the "Mighty Pups" sub-theme of the main show.


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: In Adventure Bay, a truck driver named Gus crashes while trying to avoid a baby sea turtle and hangs over the town's suspension bridge. Cap'n Turbot comes across the scene and calls Ryder, who sends the PAW Patrol pups, Marshall, Rubble, Chase, Rocky, Zuma, and Skye, into action. Chase manages to save Gus, revealing his truck is leaking maple syrup. He and Ryder bring the baby sea turtle back to its family.


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: Meanwhile in Adventure City, the PAW Patrol's archenemy Mayor Humdinger had recently been elected mayor (although it was later revealed he was the only candidate on the ballot after the leading candidate suddenly dropped out). Knowing of Humdinger's infamous wrongdoings from Foggy Bottom, a dachshund named Liberty calls and begs the team to come to Adventure City to help keep the people safe from Mayor Humdinger. When the team are ready to go to Adventure City, but Chase refuses to go due to having a bad "history" in Adventure City when he was young. Ryder convinces him to go back while Chase reluctantly gives him his trust. The team is heading on a road trip to Adventure City, they arrived and get settled into their new satellite headquarters.


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: Meanwhile, Humdinger uses a device called a Cloud Catcher to clear up the weather so he can do his firework show. The show goes haywire and the team is alerted. They suited up and grab their vehicles to rush straight into a traffic jam, but Liberty arrives and guides them through alleyways and back streets to get to City Hall. They manage to take care of the situation, but Chase fails to save some people who are then rescued by Marshall instead. An infuriated Humdinger tells his henchmen Butch and Ruben to get rid of the PAW Patrol by any means necessary. That night, Chase keeps dwelling over his mistake while the next morning, Liberty reveals in her first time helping her heroes.


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: The next day, Humdinger builds an extension to the subway line with several inversions similar to a roller coaster. It breaks and traps the passengers upside-down. The pups race to rescue them, but Chase freezes when his fear gets the best of him. Marshall manages to get the people down with his ladder while Skye goes to pick up Chase from the rooftop. Ryder suggests Chase should take a break from his duties, but this greatly hurts him and causes him to run away out of heartbreak after accusing Ryder of breaking his trust and giving up on him when things get difficult, hurting Ryder's feelings in response. Chase gets captured by Butch and Ruben and is taken to Fuzzy Buddies obedience school (which was turned into a dog pound) where he meets his fellow inmates Delores, Barney, Harris, and Rocket. While searching for Chase, Liberty and Ryder discover that numerous dogs have gone missing and he links them to Humdinger. Liberty gets captured on purpose and is taken to the obedience school where she encorages and rescues Chase while the other dogs then chase Butch and Ruben. The team is heading away from the obedience school and decides to split up.


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: On the way back to HQ, Ryder takes Chase to the street crossing where he saved his life. Ryder explains Chase that he chose to save him, not out of pity, but because he was the bravest pup he ever met. Chase's collar is returned to him, as Ryder ask him to go to work and Chase agrees that he will resume his duties and rejoins the team. Meanwhile, the Cloud Catcher has gone critical and its creator Kendra Wilson confronts Humdinger. He destroys the remote and reveals his building called Humdinger Heights. The machine unleashes weeks’ worth of bad weather into the sky, causing a massive hurricane over Adventure City. When Kendra calls the team for help, they grab their vehicles to get ready for launch and Liberty is given her own vehicle, a scooter (which was replaced by her wagon with a busted wheel) and her uniform (minus her collar and pup tag), temporarily joining the team. The team race to Humdinger Heights and forces them to improvise. Chase managed to save the citizens from the vehicles, while Marshall, Rocky, and Rubble work together to keep the citizens inside the building, Zuma and Liberty go to the canals to save a family from a drowning car, and Skye flies into the air to stop the Cloud Catcher.


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: Ryder takes the elevator to the top office and saves Humdinger by forcing him on an elevator and dropping him faster to the ground floor. He resorts to rappelling down the elevator shaft, but the storm destroys the tower and he is trapped in the building when it falls down. A horrified Chase notices that Ryder is in danger, he rushes and drives up to save him and sees Ryder's light from the other side of the building. When he runs towards the other side, Chase realizes that there is a large gap between him and Ryder. Choosing to launch his grappling hook to the other side, Chase almost gets pulled from the tower when the wind causes his pup pack to malfunction and nearly make him fall, forcing to disengage his pup pack. Feeling his fear coming back, Chase remembers what Ryder said him before, letting out a heroic scream and takes a leap of faith, and manages to make it across to the other side. Having made it to the far side, Chase sees Ryder pinned under the debris and works with him to get him free. After that, they share a moment and later leave the building while Skye destroys the Cloud Catcher in a kamikaze-style attack, ejecting from her plane (which is transformed by her helicopter) before it crashes and she flying back down to the city. After this, the skies are clear and sunny again, Chase and Ryder comes out of the building and the pups are relieved to see them safe. Ryder is proud of his team and the citizens emerge from the building congratulating them for a job well done. Chase then places Mayor Humdinger under arrest for “gross negligence, public endangerment, and dognapping”. While Humdinger tries to escape, he is stopped by Skye and her mini drone with his pants accidentally being ripped off.


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: The following day, the team are hailed as heroes and given the key to Adventure City in a major ceremony. Liberty enters the stage and becomes an official member of the team, finally fulfilling her aspirations of doing so, and is given her own collar and pup tag. Ryder begins to make a speech about how they will always be there for Adventure City, but gets interrupted by a call from Harris, one of the dogs from the obedience school, saying there is another emergency down at the waterfront. Chase declares Ryder that he and the pups are ready, the PAW Patrol then grabs their vehicles and drives off to the rescue together.


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: During the credits, Mayor Humdinger and the Catastrophe Crew are shown to have been detained for their crimes while being removed from office, the Cloud Catcher has been rebuilt, and Butch and Ruben are riding a tandem bicycle while pulling a cart full of dogs.


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: Although not part of the main cast, a select amount of side characters from the series make non-speaking cameo appearances including Francois Turbot, Mr. Porter, Katie, Farmer Al, and Farmer Yumi.


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: In November 2017, Ronnen Harary confirmed that Spin Master was "currently considering whether to extend the "PAW Patrol" franchise into feature films at some point in the next 12 to 24 months." Animation tests were conducted in 2017 to measure how the characters "would translate onto the big screen" and the company developed a film script.


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: Development of the film was confirmed on February 21, 2020, with Cal Brunker attached as director while Spin Master Entertainment's president, Jennifer Dodge serves as the film's producer. Production was done in both the United States and Canada. On March 13, 2021, an exclusive first look of the film was shown during the Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards 2021.


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: Dodge stated that they were excited about the partnership with Paramount Pictures and Nickelodeon Movies to bring the franchise to the big screen. She adds, "This first foray into the arena of feature film marks a significant strategic expansion for Spin Master Entertainment and our properties. This demonstrates our commitment to harnessing our own internal entertainment production teams to develop and deliver IP in a motion picture format and allows us to connect our characters to fans through shared theatrical experiences."


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: Dodge said, "For us, it was important to be able to tell a deeper character story than what they've been able to do with the series." She also explained, "And to tell it in a way that a child really can understand and relate to, and maybe even their parents get a deeper meaning from it. You can have a hard day at school or daycare and you can rise above those difficulties and you can come through on the other side. It doesn't mean you're never scared, it doesn't mean you don't doubt yourself. But, if at the end of the day, you really believe in yourself and you have people around you who believe in you, you can overcome it."


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: "When the chance came to pitch my take on the movie, I was able to bring all of their experience and what my kids loved about the show to the pitch, and I think that really helped," says Brunker. "Our take was, we really wanted to build this around the emotional journey of one character, so it felt like more of a theatrical experience. You go on a journey with one of these characters overcoming their struggles, and the whole team is involved, but we felt that that was the best way to bring an audience deeper into the story."


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: On October 15, 2020, Iain Armitage, Marsai Martin, Yara Shahidi, Kim Kardashian, Randall Park, Dax Shepard, Tyler Perry, Jimmy Kimmel were announced as part of the cast. On May 3, 2021, the cast and characters were announced. Adam Levine, Perry and Kardashian joined the cast because their respective children were fans of the show. For the role of Ryder, more than 1,000 people auditioned before Will Brisbin a 15-years old actor from Sherwood Park, Alberta, Canada, got the role.


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: On July 14, it was announced that Ronan Keating, Richard Arnold, Sam Faiers and Tom Fletcher were added to the cast as part of the voice cameos for the dubs in the UK and Ireland.


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: During an interview with Collider, Brunker spoke about enjoying the voice cast overall. "The core cast of pups and Ryder are all kids, and that was new for us and really wonderful. We really worked with them to try to get true, meaningful performances out of all the characters, and I thought they did an amazing job. The character of Chase, played by Iain [Armitage], goes on such a wonderful emotional journey that’s a little bit unexpected, and he just brought so much to it. He broke our hearts in some moments. You really end up rooting for him. In terms of improvisation, I would say Marsai's deliveries were the things that were most surprising. She almost couldn’t do anything bad. When we were going through the takes, it was like, “This is great. This is great in a different way. And this is great in a different way.” She was wonderful and brought so much energy to it. Everybody was wonderful. Dax [Shepard] is the nicest guy, who was game on for everything. Tyler Perry was thrilled to be a part of it. His son is a big fan, and he certainly loves to improvise and do lots of takes. We couldn't have had a better cast or a better experience for recording them."


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: In the interview on Screen Rant, Iain Armitage spoke about the film and how he aspires to be like his canine counterpart Chase, ahead of the film's home entertainment release. He stated about the film's main character, "Chase is a fun, funny, smart, brave, loyal dog. And he's a police dog, and he's sort of the, I don't think he's the head of the team, but he's really on top of things. I think he's very cool under pressure. He's very helpful. And he always loves to help other people. And he's always very kind, which I think is very important. And I think I try to be like him in everyday life. I don't always succeed, but I try."


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: According to Armitage, "The cool thing about voice-over is, you can't convey things with your body because, of course, they don't see it. So you sort of have to have everything that you're going to be doing for the character come through in your voice, which is hard, but it's also kind of fun. It's a fun challenge, but on the upside, you can show up to work in pajamas, and they won't get mad at you. So that balances out. But I think just trying to really bring emotion into my voice in some of those scenes and to really make it clear that I care about Ryder [Will Brisbin] and my fellow pups on the team."


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: On February 21, 2020, Bob Barlen announced that he would co-write the screenplay with Billy Frolick. Director Cal Brunker, who also wrote the film along with his childhood friend Bob Barlen and Billy Frolick, came to the film with a solid understanding of the characters thanks to his own kids.


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: Brunker adds, "At its core, the movie is about what it means to be scared, and how to overcome your fears. It felt really important to be doing something that we could share with people at this time as the movie comes out. I think people are coming out of this time of fear and uncertainty, and I think the movie has a lot to say about that. And we really feel proud that hopefully this is going to be one of the first movies that people get to see in theaters again."


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: The film also represented the fulfillment of a lifetime dream for Bob Barlen and Cal Brunker, who had been making films together for decades. Brunker had known Barlen since they attended high school, and would make films at the same time as him later into their respective careers: "Back before we ever got a chance to make a movie, Bob and I went to Hollywood for the first time, and we actually paid to go on the Paramount lot tour. You know, you get to see behind the gates. We said to each other, wouldn't it be amazing if one day we were making a movie for Paramount? Well, we’re six or seven weeks away from our first movie for Paramount coming out. And to be entrusted with such a beloved brand for so many people and to be able to share that with the world, this is a dream come true for us. It's been something we’ve been working towards for a long time and, and it's a real gift."


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: On November 8, 2019, it was announced that Mikros Image in Montreal would handle the animation. There are 250 filmmakers with a team of about 60 devoted to the animation. Their biggest challenge was creating high-quality theatrical animation that didn't lose the style of the series. They were also especially interested in creating action scenes that had more of a realistic quality.


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: While they wanted to focus on the backstory of one character, it was also important to them to add a new female pup to the crew, since the character Skye is usually the only female on the team. New pups often appear in the series for a specific adventure to round out the team, but then are not necessarily in every episode going forward.


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: Barlen stated about adding a new pup to the film: "For us, in terms of actually creating Liberty, it was really fun because one of the nice things was that we were able to create a character that maybe was a bit different than the other pups. All the pups in the PAW Patrol are perfect and they're great. They’re a certain way, but Liberty has got a little bit of an edge to her, which is nice. Having her experience and seeing her experiencing the film from her point of view, as she relates to the PAW Patrol, is really fun. And then, in terms of Marsai Martin who plays her, she’s such an incredible actress. It was such a gift that she agreed to do it because she really brings the character to life. We couldn’t imagine her being played in a better way by a better character, so we were really looking to have her on." Brunker says that Liberty is a new character, which allows them to write differently for her than the other pups. They also knew when she grow up in Adventure City, it justifies her having a little bit 'thicker' skin and a tougher way of talking. He stated that it is fun to juxtapose with the attitudes that the other people used to from the regular core team of pups.


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: Brunker stated: "For me, it started really young with drawing and being a visual thinker and expressing myself visually. The idea of being able to create almost anything you can imagine in animation is something that I find incredibly attractive..." while Barlen agrees and saying, "One of the nice things about animated movies, just from growing up on animated films and loving them well past when I was grown, is that it’s so many people coming together and being able to make a film on a large scale that goes out so wide across the world. One of the exciting things about being a filmmaker is that your work is seen by hundreds of thousands or millions of people. Animation allows us to work at a scale where we can do something spectacular and really special on screen."


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: "My daughter is a huge Skye fan," says Brunker. "She was four when we started making this movie. So, we wanted to give Skye some really big, exciting moments. We also felt, just in terms of bringing something fresh and new to the team, a new girl pup would be wonderful. Because she's new for the movie, we wanted to make her stand out. We thought that because she was from the city we could make her a little tougher, a little more rough around the edges than the other pups are, and that would bring something fresh to that world as well."


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: Dodge and Brunker both thought the style of the animation needed to remain true to the series, but with some significant adjustments to give it a more theatrical feeling. According to Brunker, they wanted to redesign some things noticed in the movie: "The back legs of the dogs actually look and function like real dog legs and in the TV show they're kind of more cartoony; just kind of stick legs. We felt it would allow them to move more like real dogs, and if we could push the realism of the movement, then it would make the fact that they're doing these great big rescues and all this heroic stuff even more exciting."


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: At a reported budget of $26 million, the CGI animation is more polished and textured than the series, with Brunker and his team reshaping and rebuilding every character, vehicle and environment from scratch. Aside from some voice recording in Los Angeles (including recordings from most of the cast remotely) and orchestral scoring in Nashville, “95 percent of everything” happened in Canada, according to Brunker.


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: Heitor Pereira composed the music for the film. He previously collaborated with director Brunker on "". On June 2, 2021, it was confirmed that Maroon 5 lead signer Adam Levine had provided an original song, titled "Good Mood". It was written by Shellback, Savan Kotecha, Oscar Görres and Adam Levine; Shellback and


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: Oscar Görres are the producers, while Savan Kotecha serves as the executive producer. The track was officially released on August 6, and sent to Italian radio on October 1, 2021.


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: Another song, titled "The Use in Trying", was announced on August 2, 2021, as well as the official release on August 10, co-written by Alessia Cara (who performs the track) and Jon Levine, who additionally serves as producer. Levine stated that "her one-of-a-kind voice weaves a beautiful song that captures the sadness and uncertainty during a pinnacle moment in the film".


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: During Spin Master's first quarter 2019 earnings conference call, an animated theatrical film based on the series was announced to be "in the works" with an August 2021 theatrical release date. On April 24, 2020, the film's theatrical release was announced to be August 20, 2021. The film was also available to stream on Paramount+ in the U.S. on the same day it released in theaters. Because Canadian distribution is handled by Elevation Pictures, the Canadian version of Paramount+ did not initially offer the movie, and it is unknown if it will.


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: In July 2021, Paramount Pictures UK and Ireland announced that the film would be released in British and Irish theatres on August 9, 2021. This version also retained the voice actors of the British dub.


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: The film had its red carpet premiere at the Vue Leicester Square in London on August 8, 2021. "PAW Patrol: The Movie" was released in China on January 14, 2022.


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: By October 2020, the number of UK marketing partners have signed to promote "PAW Patrol: The Movie". It includes Spin Master, Play by Play, Crayola, VTech, Sambro, RMS International, Kiddieland, Blues, Fashion UK, Aykroyd TDP, Amscan, Character World, Worlds Apart, Kinnerton, Seabrook, Yoplait, Beiersdorf, Signature Gifts, Egmont, Danilo, and DNC. On April 26, 2021, it was announced that Jakks Pacific and Disguise acquired the new rights as the toy and costume partner based on the film. The Halloween costumes and accessories from Disguise was available online, at retailers and Halloween specialty stores was also available this fall 2021.


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: On June 30, 2021, Mattel has its licensing agreement rights to create a selection of items under its Mega Bloks and Uno brands which include more than 10 products featuring the characters from the film. The line of products was available in fall 2021.


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: A series of books based on the film was published on July 13, 2021. A line of action figures and toys collection by Spin Master was released on August 1, 2021, after July 15 presale. In June 2021, PetPlate announced its partnership for the launch of the film.


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: In July, Marston's made a deal with Paramount Pictures to launch the exclusive meal deal and collectible mask offer across 270 pubs ahead of the film release in the UK. The kids' meal deal offer ran throughout August, and it also includes the merchandise, such as six collectible character masks and activity sheets. Additional marketing partners for the film included Build-A-Bear, Hasbro, Kellogg's, Campbell's, Kraft Heinz, and Random House Children's Books, while ViacomCBS has partnered with retailers such as Walmart, Target, Amazon, Kroger, and LIDL.


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: Paramount Home Entertainment released "PAW Patrol: The Movie" on digital on September 21, 2021, then on DVD and Blu-ray on November 2, 2021.


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: "PAW Patrol: The Movie" aired on Nickelodeon US on November 18, 2022. Following its debut, "PAW Patrol: The Movie" encored on the following Saturday (Nov. 19) and Sunday (Nov. 20).


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: "PAW Patrol: The Movie" grossed $40.1 million in the United States and Canada, and $104.2 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $144.3 million.


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: In the United States and Canada, "PAW Patrol: The Movie" was released alongside "Reminiscence", "The Night House", and "The Protégé" as well as the limited release of "Flag Day" and was initially projected to gross around $7–9 million from 3,184 theaters in its opening weekend. After making $4.5 million on its first day, estimates were increased to $12–14 million. It went on to debut to $13 million, finishing second behind holdover "Free Guy"; 88% of the audience was made up of families, 63% being under the age of 25. The opening was noteworthy because Regal Cinemas, the second-largest chain in the U.S., refused to carry the film due to its day-and-date release. The film fell 50% in its second weekend to $6.6 million, finishing in third. It then made $4 million in its third weekend, declining 40% and finishing in fifth place.


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: Worldwide, "PAW Patrol: The Movie" debuted in six markets, making $5.8 million in its first weekend, including a $2.3 million opening in France and a $3.2 million opening in the United Kingdom. In its second weekend, the film made $12.8 million in 39 markets; the top countries were Germany ($2.6 million), the Netherlands ($1.1 million), Mexico ($864,000), France, and the United Kingdom. It also had a South Korean opening in a mere 240 theaters, a decision by the Korea Theater Association to release local titles instead. In its third, the film was screened in 46 markets and grossed $10.3 million, which included #1 openings in Spain, Argentina, and Chile.


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 80% based on 51 reviews, with an average rating of . The website's critical consensus reads: "No job's too big and no pup's too small for "PAW Patrol: The Movie", which should give its youthful target demographic exactly what they're looking for." On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 50 out of 100, based on 14 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "A−" on an A+ to F scale, while PostTrak reported 81% of audience members gave it a positive score, with 66% saying they would definitely recommend it.


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: Randy Myers of "The Mercury News" gave the film three stars out of four and said, "This old-fashioned, G-rated animated children's film (young children, that is, not teens or tweens) does everything it intends to do. And does it well." Kristen Page-Kirby of "The Washington Post" gave two and a half stars out of four and said, "A better movie than it needs to be, with some neat visuals, an outstanding score and a story that, while simple, is well told." Glenn Kenny of "The New York Times" called the film, "Entirely toddler-friendly and irony-free."


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: Nate Adams of "The Only Critic" gave the film a B, and wrote in his review, "I think three to six-year-olds are going to wince with glee at the sight of their favorite puppers saving the day, but the parents who are forced to go along for the ride will appreciate the film's cheery sense of humor and educational elements." Lisa Giles-Keddie of "HeyUGuys" gave the film four stars out of five and said, "A relentlessly entertainment big screen outing for the familiar pups. A perfect slice of summer cinema for all the family." James Mottram of "South China Morning Post" gave the film three stars out of five, saying "Paw Patrol: The Movie is a solidly entertaining film for kids, with plenty of crash-bang action."


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: Nell Minow of "RogerEbert.com" gave the film two and a half stars out of four, saying "Parents will appreciate the way the pups tackle problem-solving, working together to make the best use of each character's talents." Courtney Howard of "Variety" found that, "Any crass consumerism is eclipsed by disarming, demonstrable themes and meaningful sentiments woven throughout the film's textured fabric." Yolanda Machado of "TheWrap" gave the film a positive review, stating "Brunker and his co-writers find a way to deliver a multi-layered story that can grab toddlers while keeping older viewers entertained and not groaning at some propagandized messaging." Frank Scheck of "The Hollywood Reporter" called the film, "Harmless fun for its target audience."


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: However, some critics were critical in the film for lazy and lackluster writing, poor pacing and focusing too much on the franchise's merchandising arm. Sarah Bea Milner of "Screen Rant" gave the film a negative review, saying, ""Paw Patrol" has enough action to keep young fans entertained, but parents will likely be bored by the dragging pace and convoluted plot." Jude Dry of "IndieWire" gave the film a D, and wrote in her review, "While it's doubtful the humorless dirge of a movie will make enough of an impression to mold young minds in any lasting way, the critique of "PAW Patrol" is useful as an amalgamation of certain favorite Hollywood themes that ought to be retired."


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: Writing for "The A.V. Club", Jesse Hassenger criticized the film's merchandise and gave the film a C− saying, "The film version feels most energized when it's amping up to sell toys: fetishizing the clicking of plastic into plastic, and supersizing the characters' armor and vehicles with a deranged zeal matched only by real police departments around the country." Writing for "Los Angeles Times", Michael Ordoña criticized the film for writing under the parents despite 'its awesomeness' for very young audiences. He stated, "To very young kids who like cartoon dogs driving shiny vehicles, ""PAW Patrol: The Movie"" may be awesome. To grown-ups, it may be an aggressively under-written, 88-minute toy commercial." He felt that the voice actors were "unremarkable" and the original songs breaks, including brightly "colored tunes" of Adam Levine and Alessia Cara. The issue about the dialogue that he believe in Adventure City was fairly represented by the line: "Where is it? There's so many buildings. I wonder which one it is."


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: A video game based on the film was announced on June 10, 2021, titled "PAW Patrol The Movie: Adventure City Calls". Developed by Drakhar Studio and published by Outright Games, it was released for PlayStation 4, Xbox One, Nintendo Switch, Microsoft Windows and Stadia on August 13, 2021. The game received mixed reviews. It was the third video game based on the series overall; this game is set before the events of the film where the pups including Chase, Skye, Marshall and the new city girl Liberty embarks on a mission to save Adventure City from Mayor Humdinger who becomes a mayor in a buzzing metropolis with his selfish scheming. Rocky and Zuma are the playable characters, but they are not featured in the box art. While Liberty was not wearing in the box art, she does wear during the games played.


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: In August 2021, director Cal Brunker stated that he would like to make a sequel to the film. "We've certainly thought about it. There are other stories that we would be excited about telling. But for us, it’s really about seeing if people love this one, and then taking it from there."


title: PAW Patrol: The Movie

text: On November 3, 2021, Spin Master officially announced that a sequel, titled "" was in development, with Cal Brunker confirmed that he will direct a sequel, while Jennifer Dodge confirmed that she will serve as a producer along with Laura Clunie and Toni Stevens. Taraji P. Henson joins the cast in a new role as a meteor-obsessed mad scientist named Victoria Vance. The sequel is scheduled to be released on October 13, 2023.


title: Vinod Khanna

text: Vinod Khanna (6 October 1946 – 27 April 2017) was an Indian actor, film producer and politician who is best known for his work in Hindi films; while also being a notable spiritual seeker. In Bollywood, he was the recipient of two Filmfare awards. Khanna was one of the highest-paid stars of his times, along with Amitabh Bachchan and Rajesh Khanna. He gave competition to Amitabh Bachchan's box office run in late 1970s to early 1980s before taking break from films. After joining politics, he became the MP from the Gurdaspur constituency between 1998–2009 and 2014–2017. In July 2002, Khanna became the minister for Culture and Tourism in the Atal Bihari Vajpayee cabinet. Six months later, he became the Minister of State for External Affairs.


title: Vinod Khanna

text: Khanna made his film debut in 1968, and initially acted in supporting and antagonistic roles; as an angry young man in the movie "Mere Apne", as the main villain in the highly successful crime drama "Mera Gaon Mera Desh," and as the military officer turned fugitive in the critically acclaimed movie "Achanak", which was a film based on the events of "K. M. Nanavati v. State of Maharashtra". Khanna played lead roles in many films and is best remembered for his performances in "Kuchhe Dhaage", "Gaddaar", "Imtihaan", "Muqaddar Ka Sikandar", "Inkaar", "Amar Akbar Anthony", "Rajput", "The Burning Train", "Qurbani", "Kudrat", "Parvarish", "Khoon Pasina", "Dayavan", "Chandni" and "Jurm".


title: Vinod Khanna

text: In 1982, at the peak of his film career, Khanna temporarily took a break from the film industry to follow his spiritual guru Osho Rajneesh. After a 5-year hiatus, he returned to the Hindi film industry with two hit films – "Insaaf" and "Satyamev Jayate". In his later film career, Khanna played several memorable roles as a father in blockbuster movies such as "Wanted" (2009), "Dabangg" (2010) and "Dabangg 2" (2012).


title: Vinod Khanna

text: Khanna has been posthumously awarded India's highest award in cinema, the Dadasaheb Phalke Award in 2018 by the Government of India at 65th National Film Awards.