title: Killing in the Name

text: On June 29, 2022, a Vancouver radio station, KISS-FM, stunted by repeatedly played “Killing In The Name” for 30 hours. The song was repeatedly played on loop after the station dropped its hot adult contemporary format, resulting in the firing of its airstaff. The station occasionally paused the loop to take call-in requests, only to continue playing the song. At 6:00 AM PDT on June 30, 2022, the station rebranded to "Sonic Radio", which plays a modern rock format.


title: Trinamool Congress

text: The All India Trinamool Congress (English: All India Grassroots Congress; AITC), colloquially the Trinamool Congress ( TMC) is an Indian political party which is predominantly active in West Bengal. The party is led by Mamata Banerjee, the current Chief Minister of West Bengal, who has led the state since 2011. It is currently the third largest party in Parliament with 23 members in Lok Sabha and 13 members in Rajya Sabha and 235 MLAs in State legislative assemblies of India, just after BJP and INC. In 2016 the Election Commission recognised TMC as a national political party.


title: Trinamool Congress

text: After being a member of the Indian National Congress (INC) for over 26 years, Mamata Banerjee quit the INC and established the TMC in 1998. The official election symbol of the TMC is "Jora Ghas Phul" (two flowers with grass). In the 1998 Lok Sabha polls, TMC won 7 seats. In the next Lok Sabha election that was held in 1999, Trinamool Congress won 8 seats with BJP, thus increasing its tally by one. In 2000, TMC won the Kolkata Municipal Corporation Elections.


title: Trinamool Congress

text: The party initially joined the National Democratic Alliance (NDA), as part of the Vajpayee government, and were initially quite successful, winning 7 seats in its first election in 1998. In the 2001 Vidhan Sabha elections, the TMC won 60 seats in alliance with the INC, becoming the principal opposition party. They suffered big losses in the 2004 Lok Sabha elections and the 2006 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election, and subsequently left the NDA.


title: Trinamool Congress

text: In December 2006, the people of Nandigram were given notice by Haldia Development Authority that a major portion of Nandigram would be seized and 70,000 people be evicted from their homes to make way for a chemical plant. People started movement against this land acquisition and the TMC helped lead the movement. The Bhumi Uchchhed Pratirodh Committee ('Committee against Land Evictions'; BUPC) was formed to protest against the eviction. On 14 March 2007 the police opened fire and killed 14 villagers and many more went missing. Many sources claimed (and which was supported by the Central Bureau of Investigation in its report) that armed Communist Party of India (Marxist) cadres, along with police, fired on protesters in Nandigram Many intellectuals protested in the streets and this incident gave birth to a new movement. Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist) leader Nanda Patra led the movement. The events led to a significant backlash against the CPI(M) government, and were a major factor in the TMC's success in the elections that followed.


title: Trinamool Congress

text: In the 2009 Lok Sabha election, TMC won 19 seats in West Bengal, in alliance with the Congress. They subsequently became a part of Manmohan Singh's government, with Banerjee serving as Minister of Railways.


title: Trinamool Congress

text: In the 2010 Kolkata municipal election, the party won 97 out of 141 seats. It also won a majority of other municipalities.


title: Trinamool Congress

text: In the 2011 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election, the TMC-led alliance that included the INC and SUCI(C) won 227 seats in the 294-seat legislature, defeating the incumbent Left Front government which had been in power for 34 years. TMC alone won 184 seats, enabling it to govern without an alliance. Subsequently, it won a by-election in Basirhat and two Congress MLAs switched to the TMC, giving it a total of 187 seats. Banerjee, an MP at the time, had not contested the election and had to transfer to the safe seat of Bhabanipur.


title: Trinamool Congress

text: On 18 September 2012 Banerjee announced her decision to withdraw support to the UPA after the TMC's demands to undo government-instituted changes including FDI in retail, increase in the price of diesel and limiting the number of subsidised cooking gas cylinders for households, were not met.


title: Trinamool Congress

text: The 2014 Lok Sabha elections saw the TMC dominate the state, winning 34 out of the 42 seats. It also qualified for national party status, as the TMC had received 6% of the vote from five different states (West Bengal, Manipur, Tripura, Jharkhand and Assam). On 2 September 2016 the Election Commission recognized TMC as a national political party.


title: Trinamool Congress

text: The party was reelected in the 2016 election to a supermajority government, and Banerjee continued as chief minister.


title: Trinamool Congress

text: The party won the most seats in West Bengal in the 2019 Indian general election, but suffered significant losses to the Bharatiya Janata Party, which for the first time established itself as a major force in the state. After the election, the party's status came under revision by the Election Commission of India, due to a loss in presence in most states outside West Bengal.


title: Trinamool Congress

text: Banerjee's government was reelected again in the 2021 state election by an unexpectedly large margin over the BJP. Prior to the election, several high-profile TMC members such as Mukul Roy and Suvendu Adhikari had defected to the BJP. Despite the large winning margin, Banerjee was defeated by Adhikari in the Nandigram seat, where she had transferred to fight Adhikari head-on.


title: Trinamool Congress

text: In the 2001 Assam Legislative Assembly election, Jamal Uddin Ahmed won Badarpur constituency. He was a Trinamool Congress candidate. Since then, the party has not emphasized on any other organization. Later in 2018, the work of the organization started again under the leadership of Dr. M. Shanti Kumar Singha. In the 2021 assembly elections, it was decided to field candidates from 14 constituencies on behalf of the party.


title: Trinamool Congress

text: All-India president of Congress's women's wing and its national spokesperson and former Silchar MP Sushmita Dev joined the Trinamool Congress in August 2021. She is now an MP of Rajya Sabha.


title: Trinamool Congress

text: On 23 November 2021 Kirti Azad, a 3-time MP from Darbhanga and Pavan Varma, a former adviser to Bihar CM Nitish Kumar, joined TMC.


title: Trinamool Congress

text: With the 2022 Goa Legislative Assembly election approaching, the work of organizing the party started from September 2021. The work began with the participation of seven-time Goa Chief Minister Luizinho Faleiro. Since then, the party has increased its membership in Goa. Former footballer Denzil Franco and former tennis player Leander Paes were among those who joined the party. On 13 November 2021, Mahua Moitra was appointed as the in-charge of the party in Goa to prepare it to contest in the Assembly election. MLA Churchill Alemao joined TMC on 13 December.


title: Trinamool Congress

text: On 23 November 2021 Ashok Tanwar, former president of Haryana Pradesh Congress Committee, joined TMC. Sukhendu Shekhar Roy was appointed as in-charge of the party's Haryana unit on 25 November.


title: Trinamool Congress

text: Kerala Pradesh Trinamool Congress was launched in 2009. In 2014 its candidates contested 5 seats under the party symbol in the parliamentary election. Leaders like Mukul Roy, Derek O'Brien, Mahua Moitra and Nadimul Haque visited Kerala and gave directions for further development in the party's activities. In the 2016 state election TMC contested in 70 assembly constituencies but due to technical errors, the party symbol was not accepted. On 3 August 2021 a 51-member state committee was formed and hoardings with caption ""Call Didi Save India"" were spread in parts of the state. Following leaders were elected in the committee – Manoj Sankaranellur (State President), Shamsu Payaningal (Working President), Shubash Kundannur (General Secretary), Harish Palathingal (State Secretary, Media & IT).


title: Trinamool Congress

text: In the 2012 assembly elections of Manipur, the party won 8 seats and got 10% of the total votes. It became the only opposition party in the Manipur Legislative Assembly. In the 2017 assembly elections the party won only one seat (from Thanga) and received 5.4% of the total votes cast in the elections. Its lone member of the Manipur Legislative Assembly, Tongbram Robindro Singh, switched to the BJP government in Manipur in 2017. As of 18 June 2020, he has withdrawn support from the BJP, following the disqualification of 7 of its members, to support the Indian National Congress.


title: Trinamool Congress

text: TMC candidate Purno Agitok Sangma won the Tura constituency by a huge margin in the 2004 Lok Sabha election.


title: Trinamool Congress

text: On 24 November 2021 former Chief Minister of Meghalaya Mukul Sangma along with other 11 MLAs of INC joined TMC which made TMC the largest opposition party in Meghalaya Legislative Assembly.


title: Trinamool Congress

text: Shortly before the Assembly elections in 2017, the party started working on the Punjab organization under the leadership of Jagat Singh. After that, during the assembly elections, it was decided that they would field candidates for 20 constituencies on behalf of the party. The party, however, did not gain any seats in Punjab in that election. After that the party's organisational work in Punjab almost completely stopped. From 2019, the party started a new committee under the leadership of Manjit Singh. Since then, the party has had a continuous presence in Punjab.


title: Trinamool Congress

text: In 2014, a state unit for the party was formed in Tamil Nadu which was headed by Dr. Sabitha, who was responsible as the state convener and was appointed by the then-National-General-Secretary Mukul Roy. In 2017 Mr. Saravanan had been appointed as the state general secretary. He formed the state committee to represent the party in Tamil Nadu. Since then, the party has been active in all social and political events.


title: Trinamool Congress

text: In 2010, Tripura Pradesh Trinamool Congress tried to establish an TMC government in the state of Tripura.


title: Trinamool Congress

text: Under the leadership of Sudip Roy Barman, former leader of opposition and then MLA of Tripura, all six MLAs of the Indian National Congress defected to the TMC in 2016, along with many ex-ministers, former MLAs, senior state and district level leaders, in addition to thousands of party workers and supporters, to fight CPI(M), who were running the Government in Tripura. Later in the presence of Himanta Biswa Sarma and Dharmendra Pradhan, Barman defected to the BJP along with all of the other TMC MLAs of the Tripura Legislative Assembly after they cross-voted against party lines in the 2017 Indian presidential election.


title: Trinamool Congress

text: In October 2021 MLA Ashish Das defected from BJP to TMC. The party won one seat in Ambassa Municipal council in the 2021 Tripura civic polls despite widespread violence. TMC emerged as the second largest party in terms of vote-share in the 120 seats it contested out of 334 seats as it garnered 19.9% of the votes in those seats.


title: Trinamool Congress

text: In 2012, Shyam Sunder Sharma contested the by-poll to Mant constituency and won on a TMC ticket. He later defected to BSP.


title: Trinamool Congress

text: In October 2021, two senior Congress leaders of Uttar Pradesh – Rajeshpati Tripathi and Laliteshpati Tripathi, who are the grandson and the great-grandson of former UP Chief Minister Kamalapati Tripathi, joined the TMC in the presence of Mamata Banerjee.


title: Trinamool Congress

text: The party name and election symbol represents 'grassroots'– the name contains the Bengali word "trinamool", which literally means grassroots, and the symbol is a sapling emerging from the ground. The symbol is known as "Jora Ghas Phul" (Bengali: grass and flower; two flowers with grass). The usage of "All India" in the party name represents the rejection of "elitist" Indian National Congress from which it broke apart from.


title: Trinamool Congress

text: "Ma Mati Manush" () was primarily a slogan, coined by Mamata Banerjee. The term is literally translated as "Mother, Motherland and People". The slogan became very popular in West Bengal at the time of the 2011 assembly election. Mamata Banerjee wrote a Bengali book with the same title. A song was also recorded with the same title.


title: Trinamool Congress

text: In the 2021 assembly election, the party used a song ""Khela Hobe"" across the state. The song was penned by Debangshu Bhattacharya, a party youth wing member. The ""Khela Hobe"" term has been used across India by several opposition parties and to catalyze the movements against the establishment on multiple issues throughout the nation.


title: Sian Clifford

text: Sian Clifford (born 7 April 1982) is an English actress. She is best known for playing Claire, the older sister of the titular character in the BBC comedy-drama series "Fleabag" (2016–2019) and also portrayed Martha Crawley in the ITV/Amazon Studios series "Vanity Fair" (2018). In 2020, she played Diana Ingram in the ITV series "Quiz".


title: Sian Clifford

text: For the second season of "Fleabag", Clifford won the BAFTA TV Award for Best Female Comedy Performance, and received a Primetime Emmy nomination for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series as well as a Critics' Choice nomination for Best Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series.


title: Sian Clifford

text: Her theatre credits include "Consent" at the Harold Pinter Theatre, "Pains of Youth" at the National Theatre, and "The Road to Mecca" at the Arcola Theatre.


title: Sian Clifford

text: Clifford was born in London on 7 April 1982, the daughter of an executive assistant mother and a father who works for the local council. She grew up in the London borough of Ealing. She has a sister, Natalie, who is an art dealer in New York City. Growing up, she knew she wanted to be an actress and participated in youth theatre. She worked for three years as a writing consultant before being accepted into Royal Academy of Dramatic Art (RADA). While attending RADA, she met her future co-star Phoebe Waller-Bridge early on and they became friends. She earned a BA in acting from RADA in 2006.


title: Sian Clifford

text: In the first ten years of her professional acting career, Clifford became a prolific Off West End actress. In her first few years out of drama school, she was involved with Theatre503 in which she was involved the productions "Without Laughing", "Contraction", and "Listening Out". In March 2007, she acted in the play "Not the End of the World" at the Bristol Old Vic theatre. Her first notable performance was playing Ismene in the Nottingham Playhouse production of "Burial at Thebes" at the Barbican which premiered in September 2007.


title: Sian Clifford

text: In Summer 2008, she acted in a play called "The Pendulum", written by her co-star Alexander Fiske-Harrison, at the Jermyn Street Theatre in the West End, which ran for the month of June, and in the following month she took part in the annual Latitude Festival in the play "Public Displays of Affection". Clifford was in three theatre productions the next summer; in June she had a small role in a chamber opera titled "Parthenogenesis" at the Royal Opera House's Linbury Studio, she co-starred in the Arcola Theatre play "The Road to Mecca", and she toured with the production "Is Everyone Okay?" which co-starred future "Fleabag" castmate Phoebe Waller-Bridge.


title: Sian Clifford

text: Throughout September 2010, Clifford starred in the well-reviewed experimental theatre piece "Pieces of Vincent" at the Arcola Theatre. For the rest of autumn 2010, she had a supporting role in the play "Pains of Youth" at the prestigious Royal National Theatre. Finishing out the year, Clifford held the titular role in an original production of "Beauty and the Beast", also at the Royal National Theatre. The production ran throughout the Christmas season and was critically successful.


title: Sian Clifford

text: In 2014, she was one of the stars of the Nottingham Playhouse's production of "Time and the Conways". Also that year, she took part in "Good. Clean. Fun.," a collection of short plays by Phoebe Waller-Bridge which included an early version of Clifford's "Fleabag" character Claire, as well as the Victorian-era play "Fever" at the Jermyn Street Theatre.


title: Sian Clifford

text: During her career, Clifford has also participated in many workshops and readings for Off West End productions. She has often collaborated with DryWrite and Nabakov theatre companies, theatre directors Vicky Jones (DryWrite), Lynsey Turner (Royal National theatre, Theatre503) and Andrew Steggall, and writer/actor Phoebe Waller-Bridge.


title: Sian Clifford

text: In 2016, Clifford had her breakthrough screen acting role in "Fleabag", as Claire, Fleabag's uptight older sister and character foil.


title: Sian Clifford

text: Clifford was part of the cast of the play "Gloria", part of Hampstead Theatre's 2017 Season and the play's Off West End premiere. In 2018, she had a recurring role in the ITV miniseries "Vanity Fair" and was in a production of "Circle Mirror Transformation" in Manchester. Later that year she was part of the cast in the West End production of "Consent" at the Harold Pinter Theatre.


title: Sian Clifford

text: "Fleabag" returned in 2019 to huge fanfare. Clifford's performance in the show was widely praised and she was nominated for the Emmy Award for Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series and the Critics' Choice Award for Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series for her performance. She later won the BAFTA Television Award for Best Female Comedy Performance.


title: Sian Clifford

text: Following the second series of "Fleabag", Clifford starred in more film and television roles. She had a small role in the independent dark comedy film "A Serial Killer's Guide to Life" in 2019. In 2020, Clifford had guest roles on the television shows "Hitmen" on Sky One and "Liar". She starred opposite Matthew Macfadyen in the April 2020 miniseries "Quiz", based on the 2001 Charles Ingram "Who Wants to Be A Millionaire?" scandal. Clifford later co-starred in the Sky comedy series "Two Weeks to Live".


title: Sian Clifford

text: Clifford is a vegan and practises daily meditation. In 2016, she launched a digital wellness and meditation platform called Still Space.


title: Martini–Henry

text: The Martini–Henry is a breech-loading single-shot rifle with a lever action that was used by the British Army. It first entered service in 1871, eventually replacing the Snider–Enfield, a muzzle-loader converted to the cartridge system. Martini–Henry variants were used throughout the British Empire for 47 years. It combined the dropping-block action first developed by Henry O. Peabody (in his Peabody rifle) and improved by the Swiss designer Friedrich von Martini, combined with the polygonal rifling designed by Scotsman Alexander Henry.


title: Martini–Henry

text: Though the Snider was the first breechloader firing a metallic cartridge in regular British service, the Martini was designed from the outset as a breechloader and was both faster firing and had a longer range.


title: Martini–Henry

text: There were four main marks of the Martini–Henry rifle produced: Mark I (released in June 1871), Mark II, Mark III, and Mark IV. There was also an 1877 carbine version with variations that included a Garrison Artillery Carbine, an Artillery Carbine (Mark I, Mark II, and Mark III), and smaller versions designed as training rifles for military cadets. The Mark IV Martini–Henry rifle ended production in 1889, replaced by the Lee–Metford, but it remained in service throughout the British Empire until the end of the First World War.


title: Martini–Henry

text: It was seen in use by some Afghan tribesmen as late as the Soviet invasion. Early in 2010 and 2011, United States Marines recovered at least three from various Taliban weapons caches in Marjah.


title: Martini–Henry

text: The Martini–Henry was copied on a large scale by North-West Frontier Province gunsmiths. Their weapons were of a poorer quality than those made by Royal Small Arms Factory, Enfield, but accurately copied down to the proof markings. The chief manufacturers were the Adam Khel Afridi, who lived around the Khyber Pass. The British called such weapons "Pass-made rifles".


title: Martini–Henry

text: In the original chambering, the rifles fired a round-nosed, tapered-head .452-inch, soft hollow-based lead bullet, wrapped in a paper patch giving a wider diameter of .460 to .469-inch; it weighed 485 grains. It was crimped in place with two cannelures (grooves on the outside neck of the case), ahead of two fibre card or mill board disks, a concave beeswax wad, another card disk and cotton wool filler. This sat on top of the main powder charge inside initially a rimmed brass foil cartridge, later made in drawn brass.


title: Martini–Henry

text: The cartridge case was paper lined so as to prevent the chemical reaction between the black powder and the brass. Known today as the .577/450, a bottle-neck design with the same base as the .577 cartridge of the Snider–Enfield. It was charged with 85 grains (5.51 g) of Curtis and Harvey's No.6 coarse black powder, notorious for its heavy recoil. The cartridge case was ejected to the rear when the lever was operated.


title: Martini–Henry

text: The rifle was long, the steel barrel . The Henry patent rifling produced a heptagonal barrel with seven grooves with one turn in . The weapon weighed . A sword bayonet was standard issue for non-commissioned officers; when fitted, the weapon extended to and weight increased to .


title: Martini–Henry

text: The standard bayonet was a socket-type spike, either converted from the older Pattern 1853 (overall length ) or newly produced as the Pattern 1876 (overall length ), referred to as the "lunger". A bayonet designed by Lord Elcho was intended for chopping and other sundry non-combat duties, and featured a double row of teeth so it could be used as a saw; it was not produced in great numbers and was not standard issue.


title: Martini–Henry

text: The Mk II Martini–Henry rifle, the most numerous modification adopted in 1877, as used in the Zulu Wars, was sighted to . At , 20 shots exhibited a mean deflection from the centre of the group of , the highest point on the trajectory was at . In 1879, Mk III rifle was adopted, which had minor design updates as well as more interchangeable parts with Martini-Henry carbine.


title: Martini–Henry

text: In late 1870s British military was looking forward to unify ammunition for its rifles and machine guns (they were both .45 caliber, but different cartridges). The .577/.450 turned out to be poorly suited to the hopper feed as well as existing box magazines due to a very pronounced bottleneck, so in 1881 the Gatling cartridge was tried in Martini-Henry rifles. However, in parallel developing a new cartridge with a lighter approximately .4 inch bullet was considered since 1880, and after its design was settled on in 1885 a new variant of the rifle for it was approved in April 1886, designated Enfield Martini .4-inch Pattern A. It incorporated several minor improvements such as a safety catch, was gradually phased in to replace the Martini–Henry with over 21k produced overall. The replacement was planned to be gradual, to use up existing stocks of the old ammunition. A year later a modified Pattern B was approved with tens of thousands more produced.


title: Martini–Henry

text: However, before this was complete, the decision was made to replace the Martini–Henry rifles with the .303 calibre bolt-action magazine Lee–Metford, which gave a considerably higher maximum rate of fire. Consequently, to avoid having three different rifle calibres in service, the Enfield–Martinis were withdrawn, converted to 0.45 calibre, and renamed Martini–Henry Mk IV "A", "B" and "C" pattern rifles. Some 0.303 calibre black-powder carbine versions were also produced, known as the Martini–Metford, and even 0.303 calibre cordite carbines, called Martini–Enfields (the former name for the type of action and the latter name for the pattern of rifling).


title: Martini–Henry

text: During the Martini–Henry's service life the British Army was involved in a large number of colonial wars, most notably the Anglo-Zulu War in 1879. The rifle was used in the Battle of Isandlwana, and by the company of the 2nd Battalion, 24th Regiment of Foot at the battle of Rorke's Drift, where 139 British soldiers successfully defended themselves against several thousand Zulus. The weapon was not completely phased out until 1904.


title: Martini–Henry

text: The rifle suffered from cartridge-extraction problems during the Zulu War, mostly due to the thin, weak, pliable foil brass cartridges used: they expanded too much into the rifle's chamber on detonation, to the point that they stuck or tore open inside the rifle's chamber. It would eventually become difficult to move the breech block and reload the rifle, substantially diminishing its effectiveness, or rendering it useless if the block could not be opened. After investigating the matter, the British Army Ordnance Department determined the fragile construction of the rolled brass cartridge, and fouling due to the black-powder propellant, were the main causes of this problem.


title: Martini–Henry

text: To correct this, the weak rolled brass cartridge was replaced by a stronger drawn brass version, and a longer loading lever was incorporated into the MK-IV to apply greater torque to operate the mechanism when fouled. These later variants were more reliable in battle, although it was not until smokeless nitro powders and copper-jacketed bullets were tried out in these rifles in the 1920s that accuracy and 100% reliability of cartridge case extraction was finally achieved by Birmingham ammunition makers (Kynoch). English hunters on various safaris, mainly in Africa, found the Martini using a cordite charge and a 500-grain full-metal-jacketed bullet effective in stopping large animals such as hippopotamus up to 80 yards away.


title: Martini–Henry

text: The nitro based/shotgun powders were used in Kynoch's .577/450 drawn-brass Martini–Henry cartridge cases well into the 1960s for the commercial market, and again were found to be very reliable and, being smokeless, eliminated fouling issues. The powder's burning with less pressure inside the cartridge case prevented the brass cases from sticking inside the rifle's chamber (because they were not expanding as much as the original black-powder loads did).


title: Martini–Henry

text: The rifle remained a popular competition rifle at National Rifle Association meetings, at Bisley, Surrey, and (NRA) Civilian and Service Rifle matches from 1872 to 1904, where it was used up to 1,000 yards using the standard military service ammunition of the day. By the 1880s the .577/.450 Boxer Henry round was recognised by the NRA as a 900-yard cartridge, as shooting the Martini out to 1,000 yards or ( of a mile) was difficult, and took great skill to assess the correct amount of windage to drop the 485 grain bullet on the target. But by 1904 more target shooters were using the new .303 cal. cartridge, which was found to be much more accurate, and thus interest in the .577/450 fell away, to the point that by 1909 they were rarely used at Bisley matches, with shooters favouring the later Lee–Enfield bolt action magazine rifles.


title: Martini–Henry

text: In 1879, however, it was generally found that in average hands the .577/450 Martini–Henry Mk2, although the most accurate of the Martinis in that calibre ever produced for service life, was really only capable of hitting a man-size target out to 400 yards. This was due to the bullet going subsonic after 300 yards and gradually losing speed thereafter, which in turn affected consistency and accuracy of the bullet in flight. The 415-grain Martini Carbine load introduced in 1878 shot better out to longer ranges and had less recoil when it was fired in the rifles, with its reduced charge of only 75 grains of Curtis & Harvey's. It was found that, while the rifle with its 485 grain bullet shot point of aim to 100 yards, the carbine load when fired in the rifles shot high at the same range, but then made up for this by shooting spot-on out to . These early lessons enabled tactics to be evolved to work around the limitations of this large, slow, and heavy calibre during the Zulu War. During most of the key battles, such as Rorke's Drift and the Battle of Ulundi, the order to volley fire was not given until the Zulus were at or within 400 yards.


title: Martini–Henry

text: The ballistic performance of a .577/450 is somewhat similar to that of an American .45/70 Government round, as used prolifically throughout the American Frontier West and by buffalo hunters, though the .577/450 has more power due to its extra 15 grains of black powder inside the cartridge case. It is clear from early medical field surgeons' reports that at 200 yards the rifle really came into its own, and inflicted devastating and horrific wounds on the Zulus in the Anglo–Zulu War. The MK2 Martini's sights are marked to 1,800 yards, but this setting was only ever used for long-range mass volley firing to harass an artillery position or a known massed cavalry position, prior to a main fight, and to prevent or delay infantry attacks. A similar "drop volley sight" whereby the rifle's bullets were dropped long range onto the target were employed on the later .303 Lee–Enfield rifles of WW1, which had a graduation lever sight calibrated up to 2,800 yards.


title: Martini–Henry

text: The Nepalese produced a close copy of the British Martini–Henry incorporating certain Westley Richards improvements to the trigger mechanism but otherwise very similar to the British Mark II. These rifles can be identified by their Nepalese markings and different receiver ring. A noticeably different variant incorporating earlier Westley Richards ideas for a flat-spring driven hammer within the receiver in lieu of the coil-spring powered striker of the von Martini design, known as the Gahendra rifle, was produced locally in Nepal. While generally well-made, the rifles were produced substantially by hand, making the quality extremely variable. Though efforts were being made to phase out these rifles, presumably by the 1890s, some 9000 were still in service in 1906.


title: Martini–Henry

text: The Martini–Henry saw service in World War I in a variety of roles, primarily as a Reserve Arm, but it was also issued (in the early stages of the war) to aircrew for attacking observation balloons with newly developed incendiary ammunition, and aircraft. Martini–Henrys were also used in the African and Middle Eastern theatres during World War I, in the hands of Native Auxiliary troops.


title: Martini–Henry

text: A shotgun variant known as the "Greener Police Gun" or the "Greener Prison Shotgun" was chambered in a 14.5-gauge -inch (18×73mm) full-length brass shell used only by this gun. That would make the weapon useless to anyone who stole it, as no other cartridge could be loaded. It was used by prison guards and police in Egypt, Burma, India, and Australia. Over 60,000 had been produced by the time production ended in the 1960s.


title: Martini–Henry

text: The gun was originally designed to replace the Egyptian police's obsolete Martini–Henry rifles, which they usually loaded with brass shot-shells. The Mark I/14 ("14" for the gun's gauge), first produced in 1918, had a full wooden stock and a large metal nosecap over the muzzle. The Mark II/14 lacked the nosecap and had a full hunting-style stock. It was discovered that criminals in Egypt were jury-rigging shotguns they had captured or stolen by wrapping common civilian 16-gauge shells with thick paper to allow them to fit the bore. Greener responded in 1932 by coming up with a redesigned gun and new shell design to prevent this. The Mark III/14 Shotgun had a three-pronged firing pin and its cartridge had a unique recessed primer well (much like that of the Lebel rifle) to prevent the firing of standard shells. The cartridge also had a bottle-necked tapered wall and corresponding shotgun breech that would prevent the insertion of other shells.


title: Martini–Henry

text: Greener also used the Martini action for the GP ("General Purpose") single-barreled shotgun firing standard 12-bore -inch ammunition, which was a staple for gamekeepers and rough shooters in Britain up to the 1960s.


title: Martini–Henry

text: W. W. Greener also used the Martini action to produce the Greener-Martini Light Harpoon Gun used for whaling, and also for commercial harvest of tuna and other large fish. The gun fired a .38 blank cartridge to propel the harpoon. A special barrel—effectively a hollow tube that acted as a spigot—and stock were fitted to accommodate the harpoon and to lower weight.


title: Martini–Henry

text: Unable to purchase Martini–Henry rifles from the British because their entire production was going to rearming British troops, The Ottoman Empire purchased weapons identical to the Mark I from the Providence Tool Company in Providence, Rhode Island, United States (the manufacturers of the somewhat similar Peabody rifle), and used them effectively against the Russians in the Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878). Ottoman outlaws and folk heroes such as Hekimoğlu famously used the rifle during his raids on landowners. The rifle is referred to as "Aynalı Martin" in the Ottoman Empire and is featured in several famous folk songs.


title: Martini–Henry

text: A now scarce variant of the Peabody–Martini–Henry built by Steyr was adopted by Romania in 1879. Significant numbers of the basic design, with variations, were also produced for the Boer Republics, both in Belgium and, via Westley Richards, in Birmingham, as late as the late 1890s.


title: Martini–Henry

text: During the Second Boer War, many of the Boers used the Martini–Henry rifle, since over 34,000 of these had been purchased.


title: Martini–Henry

text: The lock and breech are held to the stock by a metal bolt (A). The breech is closed by the block (B) which turns on the pin (C) that passes through the rear of the block. The end of the block is rounded to form a knuckle joint with the back of the case (D) which receives the force of the recoil rather than the pin (C).


title: Martini–Henry

text: Below the trigger-guard the lever (E) works a pin (F) which projects the tumbler (G) into the case. The tumbler moves within a notch (H) and acts upon the block, raising it into the firing position or allowing it to fall according to the position of the lever.


title: Martini–Henry

text: The block (B) is hollowed along its upper surface (I) to assist in inserting a cartridge into the firing chamber (J). To fire the cartridge the block is raised to position the firing mechanism (K) against the cartridge. The firing mechanism consists of a helical spring around a pointed metal striker, the tip of which passes through a hole in the face of the block to impact the percussion-cap of the inserted cartridge. As the lever (E) is moved forward the tumbler (G) revolves and one of its arms engages and draws back the spring until the tumbler is firmly locked in the notch (H) and the spring is held by the rest-piece (L) which is pushed into a bend in the lower part of the tumbler.


title: Martini–Henry

text: After firing, the cartridge is partially extracted by the lock. The extractor rotates on a pin (M) and has two vertical arms (N), which are pressed by the rim of the cartridge pushed home into two grooves in the sides of the barrel. A bent arm (O), forming an 80° angle with the extractor arms, is forced down by the dropping block when the lever is pushed forward, so causing the upright arms to extract the cartridge case slightly and allow easier manual full extraction.


title: Martini–Henry

text: As well as British service rifles, the Martini breech action was applied to shotguns by the Greener company of Britain, whose single-shot "EP" riot guns were still in service in the 1970s in former British colonies. The Greener "GP" shotgun, also using the Martini action, was a favourite rough-shooting gun in the mid-20th century. The Martini action was used by BSA and latterly BSA/Parker Hale for their series of "Small Action Martini" small bore target rifles that were in production until 1955.


title: Oceanus

text: In Greek mythology, Oceanus (; , Ancient Greek pronunciation: , also Ὠγενός , Ὤγενος , or Ὠγήν ) was a Titan son of Uranus and Gaia, the husband of his sister the Titan Tethys, and the father of the river gods and the Oceanids, as well as being the great river which encircled the entire world.


title: Oceanus

text: According to M. L. West, the etymology of Oceanus is "obscure" and "cannot be explained from Greek". The use by Pherecydes of Syros of the form "Ogenos" ("Ὠγενός") for the name lends support for the name being a loanword. However, according to West, no "very convincing" foreign models have been found. A Semitic derivation has been suggested by several scholars, while R. S. P. Beekes has suggested a loanword from the Aegean Pre-Greek non-Indo-European substrate. Nevertheless, Michael Janda sees possible Indo-European connections.


title: Oceanus

text: Oceanus was the eldest of the Titan offspring of Uranus (Sky) and Gaia (Earth). Hesiod lists his Titan siblings as Coeus, Crius, Hyperion, Iapetus, Theia, Rhea, Themis, Mnemosyne, Phoebe, Tethys, and Cronus. Oceanus married his sister Tethys, and was by her the father of numerous sons, the river gods and numerous daughters, the Oceanids.


title: Oceanus

text: According to Hesiod, there were three thousand (i.e. innumerable) river gods. These included: Achelous, the god of the Achelous River, the largest river in Greece, who gave his daughter in marriage to Alcmaeon and was defeated by Heracles in a wrestling contest for the right to marry Deianira; Alpheus, who fell in love with the nymph Arethusa and pursued her to Syracuse where she was transformed into a spring by Artemis; and Scamander who fought on the side of the Trojans during the Trojan War and got offended when Achilles polluted his waters with a large number of Trojan corpses, overflowed his banks nearly drowning Achilles.


title: Oceanus

text: According to Hesiod, there were also three thousand Oceanids. These included: Metis, Zeus' first wife, whom Zeus impregnated with Athena and then swallowed; Eurynome, Zeus' third wife, and mother of the Charites; Doris, the wife of Nereus and mother of the Nereids; Callirhoe, the wife of Chrysaor and mother of Geryon; Clymene, the wife of Iapetus, and mother of Atlas, Menoetius, Prometheus, and Epimetheus; Perseis, wife of Helios and mother of Circe and Aeetes; Idyia, wife of Aeetes and mother of Medea; and Styx, goddess of the river Styx, and the wife of Pallas and mother of Zelus, Nike, Kratos, and Bia.


title: Oceanus

text: According to Epimenides' "Theogony", Oceanus was the father, by Gaia, of the Harpies. Oceanus was also said to be the father, by Gaia, of Triptolemus. Nonnus, in his poem "Dionysiaca", described "the lakes" as "liquid daughters cut off from Oceanos". He was said to have fathered the Cercopes on one of his daughters, Theia.


title: Oceanus

text: Passages in a section of the "Iliad" called the Deception of Zeus, suggest the possibility that Homer knew a tradition in which Oceanus and Tethys (rather than Uranus and Gaia, as in Hesiod) were the primeval parents of the gods. Twice Homer has Hera describe the pair as "Oceanus, from whom the gods are sprung, and mother Tethys". According to M. L. West, these lines suggests a myth in which Oceanus and Tethys are the "first parents of the whole race of gods." However, as Timothy Gantz points out, "mother" could simply refer to the fact that Tethys was Hera's foster mother for a time, as Hera tells us in the lines immediately following, while the reference to Oceanus as the genesis of the gods "might be simply a formulaic epithet indicating the numberless rivers and springs descended from Okeanos" (compare with "Iliad" 21.195–197). But, in a later "Iliad" passage, Hypnos also describes Oceanus as ""genesis" for all", which, according to Gantz, is hard to understand as meaning other than that, for Homer, Oceanus was the father of the Titans.


title: Oceanus

text: Plato, in his "Timaeus", provides a genealogy (probably Orphic) which perhaps reflected an attempt to reconcile this apparent divergence between Homer and Hesiod, in which Uranus and Gaia are the parents of Oceanus and Tethys, and Oceanus and Tethys are the parents of Cronus and Rhea and the other Titans, as well as Phorcys. In his "Cratylus", Plato quotes Orpheus as saying that Oceanus and Tethys were "the first to marry", possibly also reflecting an Orphic theogony in which Oceanus and Tethys, rather than Uranus and Gaia, were the primeval parents. Plato's apparent inclusion of Phorcys as a Titan (being the brother of Cronus and Rhea), and the mythographer Apollodorus's inclusion of Dione, the mother of Aphrodite by Zeus, as a thirteenth Titan, suggests an Orphic tradition in which the Titan offspring of Oceanus and Tethys consisted of Hesiod's twelve Titans, with Phorcys and Dione taking the place of Oceanus and Tethys.


title: Oceanus

text: According to Epimenides, the first two beings, Night and Aer, produced Tartarus, who in turn produced two Titans (possibly Oceanus and Tethys) from whom came the world egg.


title: Oceanus

text: When Cronus, the youngest of the Titans, overthrew his father Uranus, thereby becoming the ruler of the cosmos, according to Hesiod, none of the other Titans participated in the attack on Uranus. However according to the mythographer Apollodorus, all the Titans—except Oceanus—attacked Uranus. Proclus, in his commentary on Plato's "Timaeus", quotes several lines of a poem (probably Orphic) which has an angry Oceanus brooding aloud as to whether he should join Cronus and the other Titans in the attack on Uranus. And, according to Proclus, Oceanus did not in fact take part in the attack.


title: Oceanus

text: Oceanus seemingly also did not join the Titans in the "Titanomachy", the great war between the Cronus and his fellow Titans, and Zeus and his fellow Olympians, for control of the cosmos; and following the war, although Cronus and the other Titans were imprisoned, Oceanus certainly seems to have remained free. In Hesiod, Oceanus sends his daughter Styx, with her children Zelus (Envy), Nike (Victory), Cratos (Power), and Bia (Force), to fight on Zeus' side against the Titans, And in the "Iliad", Hera says that during the war she was sent to Oceanus and Tethys for safekeeping.


title: Oceanus

text: Sometime after the war, Aeschylus' "Prometheus Bound", has Oceanus visit his nephew the enchained Prometheus, who is being punished by Zeus for his theft of fire. Oceanus arrives riding a winged steed, saying that he is sympathetic to Prometheus' plight and wishes to help him if he can. But Prometheus mocks Oceanus, asking him: "How did you summon courage to quit the stream that bears your name and the rock-roofed caves you yourself have made" Oceanus advises Prometheus to humble himself before the new ruler Zeus, and so avoid making his situation any worse. But Prometheus replies: "I envy you because you have escaped blame for having dared to share with me in my troubles."


title: Oceanus

text: According to Pherecydes, while Heracles was travelling in Helios's golden cup, on his way to Erytheia to fetch the cattle of Geryon, Oceanus challenged Heracles by sending high waves rocking the cup, but Heracles threatened to shoot Oceanus with his bow, and Oceanus in fear stopped.


title: Oceanus

text: Although sometimes treated as a person (such as Oceanus visiting Prometheus in Aeschylus' "Prometheus Bound", see above) Oceanus is more usually considered to be a place, that is, as the great world-encircling river. Twice Hesiod calls Oceanus "the perfect river" ("τελήεντος ποταμοῖο"), and Homer refers to the "stream of the river Oceanus" ("ποταμοῖο λίπεν ῥόον Ὠκεανοῖο"). Both Hesiod and Homer call Oceanus "backflowing" ("ἀψορρόου"), since, as the great stream encircles the earth, it flows back into itself. Hesiod also calls Oceanus "deep-swirling" ("βαθυδίνης"), while Homer calls him "deep-flowing" ("βαθυρρόου"). Homer says that Oceanus "bounds the Earth", and Oceanus was depicted on the shield of Achilles, encircling its rim, and so also on the shield of Heracles.


title: Oceanus

text: Both Hesiod and Homer locate Oceanus at the ends of the earth, near Tartarus, in the "Theogony", or near Elysium, in the "Iliad", and in the "Odyssey", has to be crossed in order to reach the "dank house of Hades". And for both Hesiod and Homer, Oceanus seems to have marked a boundary beyond which the cosmos became more fantastical. The "Theogony" has such fabulous creatures as the Hesperides, with their golden apples, the three-headed giant Geryon, and the snake-haired Gorgons, all residing "beyond glorious Ocean". While Homer located such exotic tribes as the Cimmerians, the Aethiopians, and the Pygmies as living nearby Oceanus.


title: Oceanus

text: In Homer, Helios the sun, rises from Oceanus in the east, and at the end of the day sinks back into Oceanus in the west, and the stars bathe in the "stream of Ocean". According to later sources, after setting, Helios sails back along Oceanus during the night from west to east.


title: Oceanus

text: Just as Oceanus the god was the father of the river gods, Oceanus the river was said to be the source of all other rivers, and in fact all sources of water, both salt and fresh. According to Homer, from Oceanus "all rivers flow and every sea, and all the springs and deep wells". Being the source of rivers and springs would seem logically to require that Oceanus was himself a freshwater river, and so different from the salt sea, and in fact Hesiod seems to distinguish between Oceanus and Pontus, the personification of the sea. However elsewhere the distinction between fresh and salt water seems not to apply. For example, in Hesiod Nereus and Thaumus, both sons of Pontus, marry daughters of Oceanus, and in Homer (who makes no mention of Pontus), Thetis, the daughter of Nereus, and Eurynome the daughter of Oceanus, live together. In any case, Oceanus can also to be identified with the sea.


title: Oceanus

text: Oceanus is represented, identified by inscription, as part of an illustration of the wedding of Peleus and Thetis on the early sixth century BC Attic black-figure "Erskine" dinos by Sophilos (British Museum 1971.111–1.1). Oceanus appears near the end of a long procession of gods and goddesses arriving at the palace of Peleus for the wedding. Oceanus follows a chariot driven by Athena and containing Artemis. Oceanus has bull horns, holds a snake in his left hand and a fish in his right, and has the body of a fish from the waist down. He is closely followed by Tethys and Eileithyia, with Hephaestus following on his mule ending the procession.


title: Oceanus

text: Oceanus also appears, as part of a very similar procession of Peleus and Thetis' wedding guests, on another early sixth century BC Attic black-figure pot, the François Vase (Florence 4209). As in Sophilos' dinos, Oceanus appears at the end of the long procession, following after the last chariot, with Hephaestus on his mule bringing up the rear. Although little remains of Oceanus, he was apparently shown here with a bull's head. The similarity in the order of the wedding guests on these two vases, as well as on the fragments a second Sophilos vase (Athens Akr 587), suggests the possibility of a literary source.


title: Oceanus

text: Oceanus is depicted (labeled) as one of the gods fighting the Giants in the Gigantomachy frieze of the second century BC Pergamon Altar. Oceanus stands half nude, facing right, battling a giant falling to the right. Nearby Oceanus are fragments of a figure thought to be Tethys: a part of a chiton below Oceanus' left arm and a hand clutching a large tree branch visible behind Oceanus' head.


title: Oceanus

text: In Hellenistic and Roman mosaics, this Titan was often depicted as having the upper body of a muscular man with a long beard and horns (often represented as the claws of a crab) and the lower body of a serpent ("cfr." Typhon). In Roman mosaics, such as that from Bardo, he might carry a steering-oar and cradle a ship.


title: Oceanus

text: Oceanus appears in Hellenic cosmography as well as myth. Cartographers continued to represent the encircling equatorial stream much as it had appeared on Achilles' shield.


title: Oceanus

text: Herodotus was skeptical about the physical existence of Oceanus and rejected the reasoning—proposed by some of his coevals—according to which the uncommon phenomenon of the summerly Nile flood was caused by the river's connection to the mighty Oceanus. Speaking about the Oceanus myth itself he declared:


title: Oceanus

text: As for the writer who attributes the phenomenon to the ocean, his account is involved in such obscurity that it is impossible to disprove it by argument. For my part I know of no river called Ocean, and I think that Homer, or one of the earlier poets, invented the name, and introduced it into his poetry.


title: Oceanus

text: Some scholars believe that Oceanus originally represented all bodies of salt water, including the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean, the two largest bodies known to the ancient Greeks. However, as geography became more accurate, Oceanus came to represent the stranger, more unknown waters of the Atlantic Ocean (also called the "Ocean Sea"), while the newcomer of a later generation, Poseidon, ruled over the Mediterranean Sea.


title: Oceanus

text: Late attestations for an equation with the Black Sea abound, the cause being – as it appears – Odysseus' travel to the Cimmerians whose fatherland, lying beyond the Oceanus, is described as a country divested from sunlight. In the fourth century BC, Hecataeus of Abdera writes that the Oceanus of the Hyperboreans is neither the Arctic nor Western Ocean, but the sea located to the north of the ancient Greek world, namely the Black Sea, called "the most admirable of all seas" by Herodotus, labelled the "immense sea" by Pomponius Mela and by Dionysius Periegetes, and which is named "Mare majus" on medieval geographic maps. Apollonius of Rhodes, similarly, calls the lower Danube the "Kéras Okeanoío" ("Gulf" or "Horn of Oceanus").


title: Oceanus

text: Hecataeus of Abdera also refers to a holy island, sacred to the Pelasgian (and later, Greek) Apollo, situated in the westernmost part of the "Okeanós Potamós", and called in different times Leuke or Leukos, Alba, Fidonisi or Isle of Snakes. It was on Leuke, in one version of his legend, that the hero Achilles, in a hilly tumulus, was buried (which is erroneously connected to the modern town of Kiliya, at the Danube delta). "Accion" ("ocean"), in the fourth century AD Gaulish Latin of Avienius' "Ora maritima", was applied to great lakes.


title: Oasis discography

text: The discography of the English rock band Oasis consists of seven studio albums, two live albums, five compilation albums, six video albums, one extended play, twenty eight singles which includes one double single, nineteen promotional singles and thirty-six music videos. As of 2022, the band have sold over 70 million records worldwide and been cited by "Guinness World Records" as the most successful act in the United Kingdom between the years 1995 and 2005. Oasis had 22 consecutive UK top 10 hits between 1994 and 2008. Oasis was formed in 1991 by vocalist Liam Gallagher, guitarist Paul "Bonehead" Arthurs, bassist Paul "Guigsy" McGuigan and drummer Tony McCarroll – they were later joined by guitarist and songwriter Noel Gallagher. The band signed to Creation Records in May 1993 and released their debut single "Supersonic" the following year; it peaked at number 31 in the United Kingdom. Follow-up singles "Shakermaker" and "Live Forever" became UK top 15 hits, with the latter also attaining success in the United States. "Definitely Maybe", the band's debut studio album, topped the UK Albums Chart and went on to be certified eight times platinum by the British Phonographic Industry (BPI).


title: Oasis discography

text: Oasis released their second studio album "(What's the Story) Morning Glory?" in October 1995. It was a huge commercial success, topping the charts in the UK and in multiple other countries, including Australia, Canada and Ireland. The album produced six singles, including the band's first UK number-one single "Some Might Say" and the international hits "Wonderwall" and "Don't Look Back in Anger". "(What's the Story) Morning Glory?" has sold over twenty-two million copies worldwide, which makes it one of the best-selling albums of all-time. The album was certified sixteen times platinum by the BPI and is the fifth best-selling album (third best-selling studio album) of all time in the UK, with sales of over 4.9 million copies in the country. The band's third studio album "Be Here Now" was released to great anticipation in August 1997. While the album topped the charts in several countries and became the fastest-selling album in British history, it failed to match the commercial success of "Morning Glory", ultimately selling around ten million copies worldwide. Two of the album's singles, "D'You Know What I Mean?" and "All Around the World", peaked at number one in the UK.


title: Oasis discography

text: Oasis' fourth studio album "Standing on the Shoulder of Giants" was released in February 2000, reaching number one in the UK and Ireland. Though not as commercially successful as its predecessors, "Standing on the Shoulder of Giants" managed to receive a double platinum certification from the BPI and featured three UK top five singles: "Go Let It Out", "Who Feels Love?" and "Sunday Morning Call". "Heathen Chemistry" followed in July 2002, becoming Oasis' fifth consecutive number-one album in the UK and being certified triple platinum by the BPI. "Don't Believe the Truth", released in May 2005, topped the UK Albums Chart and produced the number-one singles "Lyla" and "The Importance of Being Idle". In November 2006, the band released a compilation album, "Stop the Clocks", which peaked at number two in the UK and was preceded by the release of an EP of the same name. Oasis released their seventh studio album "Dig Out Your Soul" in October 2008; it continued the band's streak of number-one studio albums in the UK and was certified double platinum by the BPI by the end of the year. Following the release of "Dig Out Your Soul" and Noel Gallagher's departure from the band in August 2009, Oasis announced their break-up. In June 2010, a retrospective compilation album of the band's singles entitled "Time Flies... 1994–2009" was released, peaking at number one in the UK.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: Scott Pilgrim is a series of graphic novels by Canadian author and comic book artist Bryan Lee O'Malley. The series is about Scott Pilgrim, a slacker and part-time musician who lives in Toronto, Ontario, and plays bass in a band. He falls in love with American delivery girl Ramona Flowers, but must defeat her seven evil exes in order to date her in peace.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: The series consists of six digest size black-and-white volumes, released between August 2004 and July 2010, by Portland-based independent comic book publisher Oni Press. It was later republished by Fourth Estate, an imprint of HarperCollins. Full-colour hardback volumes, coloured by Nathan Fairbairn, were released from August 2012 to April 2014.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: A film adaptation of the series titled "Scott Pilgrim vs. the World" starring actor Michael Cera in the title role was released in August 2010. A developed by Ubisoft for PlayStation Network and Xbox Live Arcade was released the same month.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: Creator Bryan Lee O'Malley was inspired to create the series and eponymous character of Scott Pilgrim after listening to Canadian band Plumtree's 1998 single "Scott Pilgrim", a song then-Plumtree singer Carla Gillis describes as "positive, but...also bitter sweet." In particular, O'Malley was inspired by the lyric, "I’ve liked you for a thousand years."


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: O'Malley wanted to write a shōnen-style comic book series, although he had only read one such series at the time, "Ranma ½"; in the early 2000s, Japanese manga had not yet achieved significant popularity in North America. O'Malley gained inspiration from the book "Even a Monkey Can Draw Manga" by Koji Aihara and Kentaro Takekuma. In 2002, O'Malley's roommate, who worked in a comic book store, brought the book to him while O'Malley was working on "Lost at Sea" and was planning "Scott Pilgrim". Upon reading the book O'Malley realized that, despite the satirical tone, it could be an effective guide to how the Japanese comic book industry worked. O'Malley said that "Ranma ½" was the strongest influence and Atsuko Nakajima, the character designer of the "Ranma ½" anime and other anime, was an influence to a lesser extent. He added that the "exploded page layouts" of "Koudelka", a work by Yuji Iwahara, directly influenced the "full-bleed layouts" of "Scott Pilgrim". O'Malley said that Osamu Tezuka began influencing his work as he created Volumes 3 and 4. He said, "You can see his influence start to creep in here and there but he's a larger inspirational figure to me than just his drawing style." In regards to the "FLCL" anime, O'Malley said that while it was an influence, it was "not as much of a direct influence on "Scott Pilgrim" as people seem to think."


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: O'Malley used black and white because it was less expensive than creating the series in color, and so O'Malley said that he "embraced the B&W manga aesthetic". When writing the series, O'Malley's first step was developing the direction of the story by creating notes in notebooks, sketchbooks, and computer text files. His second step was to create an outline. His third step was to write a script. His fourth step was to develop thumbnails. His final step was to develop the finished comic book page. To ink, O'Malley usually used brushes, including No. 2 and No. 3 brushes. He mostly used computers to build the screentone; he stated that he encountered difficulty finding screentone in North America. O'Malley himself created most of the "Scott Pilgrim" material. When production on Volume 6 had begun, O'Malley had hired two assistants. The backgrounds in Volume 6 are more detailed than backgrounds in the previous volumes (O'Malley said that "[m]ost fans don't seem to notice the change").


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: O'Malley stated that he wanted to create a "hybrid" work that received inspiration from American and Japanese comics, and that he "wanted to reach towards the japanese comics from my own starting point." When asked if he considers "Scott Pilgrim" to be a manga, O'Malley responded by saying "Um… No, I think I was just thinking about that today. I guess I was just thinking about the whole OEL thing. I think it's influenced… I like the term 'manga-influenced comics,' but I only like it because no one else likes it."


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: O'Malley said that he expected "Scott Pilgrim" to sell around 1,000 copies. He did not expect the series to sell millions of copies and to produce a film adaptation. O'Malley cited the United States comics industry and how it differs from the Japanese comics industry; the United States comic book companies specialize in superhero comics and many newer concepts originate from underground comics. The United States also lacks weekly and monthly comic book magazines and American comic companies generally do not have the system of story editors and assistants that Japanese comic companies have.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: O'Malley said that the most difficult portion of "Scott Pilgrim" to write was the ending. O'Malley deliberately did not consider constructing the ending until he began writing Volume 5. He intended for Volumes 5 and 6 to reflect one single story, with 5 being the "darkest hour" and 6 being "the redemption arc." O'Malley said "there was a lot of stuff to juggle, a lot of plot lines to tie up, and I just had to try and focus on the stuff that mattered most in the time I had." In addition, he wanted to create an ending that would "compete[...] a little" with the ending of the film version; he was aware of "how BIG the finale was". About the ending, O'Malley said, "I think the stuff with the girls and the relationships works pretty well and the stuff with Gideon and the glow is weaker. But hey, some people love it warts and all, and it's not like I'm gonna go back and change it."


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: To illustrate his reasoning for eventually ending the "Scott Pilgrim" series, O'Malley used a quote from famed Belgian comics writer and artist Hergé, creator, writer, and illustrator of the well-regarded "The Adventures of Tintin" comic book series, from 1929 until his death in 1983. Hergé told his wife, "And right now, my work makes me sick. Tintin is no longer me. And I must make a terrible effort to invent (him)… If Tintin continues to live, it is through a sort of artificial respiration that I must constantly keep up and which is exhausting me." O'Malley said, "If I was still doing Scott Pilgrim in ten years, I would be dead inside." O'Malley said that he did conceive of a continuation centering on Scott and Ramona and involving the other major characters, except for Gideon and the other evil exes of Ramona. He said, "maybe in a few years I'd think about playing with Scott Pilgrim some more" and although "there doesn't need to be more Scott Pilgrim", he agreed that "more would be fun".


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: The cover of the third Japanese "Scott Pilgrim" volume, which includes content from the original volumes 5 and 6, was based on an illustration from "Street Fighter Alpha 2" ("Street Fighter Zero 2").


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: O'Malley used the font Swiss 721 Bold Condensed, which was also used in the film. In later books, the regular weight and italic versions of this font were also used. M04 FATAL FURY is the pixel font used in Book 4 and beyond.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: Scott Pilgrim is a 23-year-old Canadian slacker living in Toronto with his sarcastic gay roommate Wallace Wells. He has started "dating" a Chinese-Canadian high-school girl, Knives Chau. Although his friends think it's scandalous, since she is only 17, Scott doesn't consider it a big deal as all they do is chat about her school-life. It is implied during a phone conversation with his sister, Stacey, that this relationship is Scott's attempt to get over an ex. He is the bass player in the band Sex Bob-omb, along with his friends Stephen Stills (guitar), Kim Pine (drums) and "Young" Neil Nordegraf (who lives in the house they rehearse in), but Stephen is the only member who is recognized as being "the talent" and the other members rarely take the endeavor seriously.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: One night, Scott dreams about a girl on rollerblades that he's never met before whom he later glimpses in real life, delivering a package to the library. Her repeated presence in his dreams and a coincidental meeting at a party thrown by Stephen's on-off girlfriend Julie Powers prompts him to become obsessed with finding out more about her. He discovers that she is Ramona Flowers, a girl who works for Amazon.ca and has recently come to Toronto from New York after a rumored messy break-up with someone named Gideon.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: Scott orders a few CDs from Amazon.ca as a pretext to meet her again, and receives an email from an unknown party (later revealed to be Matthew Patel) challenging him to battle, but Scott pays it little heed and promptly deletes it. After another dream about Ramona, in which she is carrying his package, Scott wakes to find her at his door. She explains that she uses subspace portals as part of her job to cross long distances in seconds; one such route passes through Scott's brain, hence his dreams. Having convinced her he isn't a weirdo after their previous encounters, they spend the evening together and go back to her house during a heavy snowstorm. After blundering into her bedroom while she is changing, Scott and Ramona kiss and sleep together, but don't have sex.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: The next day, Scott goes home. Wallace informs him that he needs to break up with Knives if he plans to pursue a serious relationship with Ramona, but when he meets her later in preparation for their gig at Club Rockit, Knives is considerably more forward than usual, and Scott fails to tell her. He also receives a letter from Matthew, which he again discards.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: After an opening performance by rival band Crash and the Boys, which features one song that is 0.4 seconds long and another that leaves the audience comatose, Sex Bob-omb prepares to begin their set when Matthew descends upon the stage and engages Scott in a video game-style duel. He is revealed as Ramona's first evil ex-boyfriend, and has mystical powers that allow him to summon "demon hipster chicks". Scott prevails, his final attack obliterating Matthew and leaving behind a handful of coins. On the subway home, Scott and Ramona decide to become a couple, on the proviso that Scott agrees to defeat her other evil-exes. When Scott asks if Gideon is one of them, Ramona's head glows and she starts acting distant, ensuring a long and awkward bus ride home.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: In a flashback, we see Scott Pilgrim as a transfer student to St. Joel's Catholic High School in Northern Ontario, seven years before the series began. As soon as Scott arrives on campus, he is faced with three hoodlums, whom he fights and ultimately loses to. Outside the principal's office, Scott meets a girl named Lisa Miller who immediately befriends him. Scott and Lisa attempt to start a band (Sonic & Knuckles), only to realize that they are missing a drummer.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: Meanwhile, Scott meets Kimberly Pine in his geography class and grows increasingly fond of her, only to find out later at a school performance that she plays the drums. Lisa and Scott scheme to ask Kim to join the band, but when Scott shows up to school the following Monday, he finds out she has been kidnapped by students from the rival Benvie Tech High School. Another game-esque battle ensues and Scott defeats all the evil Benvie Tech Boys, including the final boss, Simon Lee, and rescues Kim. The two start dating and Kim joins Sonic & Knuckles until Scott moves to Toronto. Ramona Flowers then steps into Scott's dream/flashback to wake him up.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: Scott and Wallace ride the bus together, and Wallace tells him that ex-skateboarder/actor Lucas Lee, Ramona's second evil ex-boyfriend, is filming a new movie in Toronto. Wallace also issues Scott one of his "famous ultimatums," telling him he must break up with Knives, threatening to tell Ramona about her if he doesn't. Scott goes to meet Knives and awkwardly breaks it off right after she tells him she loves him, but is cheered by thoughts of Ramona.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: Elsewhere, Kim wakes up after having a dream in which Simon Lee killed Scott. She heads to No-Account Video, where she shares a small exchange with colleague Hollie Hawkes; later Scott shows up at the video store to rent several of Lucas Lee's films to prepare for his next battle. Meanwhile, Ramona visits the Second Cup, where Stacey Pilgrim works, and the two exchanges pleasantries, giving Scott, who is at his apartment, an "ominous feeling".


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: Later Knives, still shaken up by the breakup, goes to Scott's apartment to see if he's there and Wallace tells her to leave. The following day Scott and Ramona go on another date and end up watching one of Lucas Lee's movies. While watching the movie, Ramona's head glows again, but it quickly subsides and the two embrace and kiss before going to sleep.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: Scott is woken up in the early hours by a call from his parents, who are currently touring Europe; Scott reveals he has a girlfriend to them. Later Scott and Ramona go to Stephen Stills' house with their friends. Unbeknownst to the group, Knives is watching them from the kitchen window and, after seeing Scott with Ramona, freaks out. Knives then calls her friend Tamara Chen, and gives herself a total makeover, including dying part of her fringe red in an effort to get Scott's attention. She then decides to take out Ramona in order to win Scott back.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: Meanwhile, Scott and Ramona are hanging out at Ramona's apartment, where it is revealed she owns a pet cat called Gideon. Ramona then briefly talks about her and Lucas's relationship.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: The next day, Scott goes to meet Lucas at his filming location, the Casa Loma. Lucas immediately beats Scott up, after which they take a lunch break and Lucas tells Scott about how Ramona broke his heart, and how there is a League of Ramona's Evil Ex-Boyfriends who have organized themselves to come after Scott. Initially, Lucas offers to let Scott go if the latter would give him all his money, which Scott refuses. Scott then challenges Lucas to a skateboard competition; Lucas at first claims that riding down the rails at the castle is "impossible" but would rather take on the challenge than lose face. He starts out well but reaches 309 kph which is "too fast to live" and bursts into coins. Scott gets an item, a Mithril Skateboard, but can't use it because he didn't take "skateboard proficiency" back in Grade 5.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: Scott walks into the Second Cup where his sister works only to be surprised that Julie Powers is working a shift there. Julie reveals that Stacey is with Ramona at the reference library, to which Scott is surprised to find that Ramona and Stacey are friends. Julie then mentions that his ex-girlfriend is back in town, only for Scott to run straight out of the store as soon as she is mentioned.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: Meanwhile, Knives shows up at the reference library and attacks Ramona with her knives. Ramona counters the attack with an improvised staff made from a piece of modern art. Knives then recognizes Ramona from the library and believes Scott had been unfaithful to her since before that moment. The two continue to battle, and Knives eventually flees from the battle after repeatedly insulting Ramona.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: After the fight, Scott gets a call from Envy Adams, who asks him to open for her band, The Clash at Demonhead, that weekend. The conversation implies that they once had a relationship, and after the phone call, Wallace arrives at the apartment to find Scott in a near-coma-like state. Scott reveals after band practice that Envy wants them to open for her band at a gig at Lee's Palace. Whilst Stephen is enthusiastic about the offer, Scott is less so and Kim comments enviously about Envy.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: Scott and his friends show up to see Envy's band on Friday. Whilst on their way there, Scott talks to Ramona about his relationship with Envy and his job at The Gilded Palace of Flying Burritos. When the two arrive at Lee's Palace, it is revealed that Knives is now dating Young Neil, Stephen's roommate, to Stephen's horror. As The Clash at Demonhead plays, Ramona's third evil ex-boyfriend is revealed: Todd Ingram, the bassist.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: The story continues the night that Envy Adams's band, The Clash at Demonhead, performs. After the venue clears out, Scott spots a save point by the back door and attempts to run to it before Envy approaches him, but is too late. She invites Scott, Ramona, Kim, Stephen, Julie, Knives, and Young Neil backstage with them to "chat". Knives announces to Envy that she has "kissed the lips that kissed you", and has the highlights punched out of her hair by The Clash at Demonhead's drummer, Lynette Guycott, who has a bionic arm. Knives and Young Neil leave.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: Scott, angered by Todd's arrogance, attempts to punch him, but is stopped by Todd's telekinetic powers. Envy (who is dating Todd) explains that Todd is vegan, and graduated top of his class in "Vegan Academy", thus granting his psychic powers. Todd explains that he gains his powers from using the extra 90% percent of his brain, whereas non-vegans use only 10% of their brain and that the rest is "filled up with curds and whey." He then vows to destroy Scott. Amidst the confusion, both Sex Bob-omb and The Clash at Demonhead decide to wait until the next day to begin the fight.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: The story then unfolds with a series of flashbacks detailing the beginning of Scott and Natalie's (pre-"Envy") relationship. After the flashback, Envy tells Scott and the others that they will meet up at Honest Ed's the following day for a "surprise". Flashbacks continue, detailing Natalie's change into Envy, her break-up with Scott once their band started to get noticed, and how Scott and Wallace came to be friends.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: Afterwards, Scott and Ramona go to get some late-night pizza at Pizza Pizza, where they meet Wallace and Other Scott and Wallace expresses his hatred for Envy. Scott and Ramona then spend the night at Ramona's apartment.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: Scott returns to his apartment in the pouring rain, but when he get there, the door is locked and he realized he gave his key to Wallace, who had forgotten his the previous night. Scott knocks on the door to be let in, but there is no reply and Scott quickly falls asleep, not used to being awake at that time. Scott is then woke up by Wallace, who had left the apartment in order to walk Mobile, a man who had spent the night at the apartment, and to buy some coffee.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: On Saturday afternoon, Scott and the others show up at Honest Ed's. Envy tells Scott that he and Todd are going to have to fight to the death inside, and that whoever reaches the end of the store first wins. Scott and Todd dash through the store, the contents of which are reminiscent of a haunted house, and Todd is mentally tormented by his past until he goes berserk and causes Honest Ed's to implode. Neither Scott nor Todd win the challenge, but plan to fight again the following night.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: The group then heads back to Stephen's apartment for band practice and Stephen freaks out their upcoming performance at Lee's Palace. Afterwards, Scott and Ramona go on another date. After the date, Ramona convinces Scott not to fight Todd that night and instead spend a cozy night at Ramona's apartment, to which Scott agrees.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: After an unsuccessful make-out session, Ramona begins to fill Scott in about her relationship with Todd. In a flashback to their college years, Todd proves his love to Ramona by using his newly-gained vegan powers to blow a crater in the moon. Scott then tries to talk about his past relationship with Envy and then to warn Ramona that in the event she should fight Envy, she should focus on Envy's weak point. Ramona asks him to talk about his past relationship with Kim. Scott's memory is foggy at best, and soon snaps into an overly exaggerated (though somewhat accurate) story of how he remembers rescuing Kim, then goes to sleep.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: Envy, Todd and Lynette eat at a restaurant and Todd orders gelato which has eggs and milk in it. Envy then goes to the bathroom, being the only one who doesn't know that gelato contains milk and eggs, two ingredients that are against Vegan diets. Todd explains to Lynette that as a rock star, he feels he could do whatever he wants so long as no one gets hurt or even knows. He then proceeds to make out with Lynette while Envy is still in the bathroom.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: Later that evening, Scott and his friends arrive at Lee's Palace for Sex Bob-omb's opening performance for The Clash at Demonhead. While waiting, the group watches Crash and the Boys, who had a hostile takeover, now known as "The Boys! And Crash!!". Scott then meets Envy at the back of Lee's Palace and the two talk about their relationship. Scott then notices an upset Knives sitting outside and, out of pity, goes to talk to her. Scott attempts to reconcile with Knives and tells her that Young Neil is "half decent," but Knives reveals that she only went out with Neil because he looked like Scott. Despite Scott's attempt to tell Knives that she should move on and forget about him, Knives once again expresses her love for Scott as he goes back into the club.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: Meanwhile, Kim talks to Ramona about how her relationship with Scott formed. While talking, the group notices Todd and Lynette making out, exposing their infidelity. Later on, the group notice that The Boys! And Crash!! were able to play without using instruments.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: Ramona encounters Envy at the bar, Ramona and Envy get into an argument and begin to fight, Ramona armed with a giant mallet. Midway through, Sex Bob-omb appears on stage in costume (Stephen as Johnny Cash, Kim in a gothic lolita dress, and Scott in a second-hand suit). Scott sees Envy about to kill Ramona, and jumps from the stage to hit her "weak point", the back of her knees.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: Ramona tells Envy that Todd is cheating on her, and that he performed his Moon crater trick for Ramona first, which is why there are two holes on the moon. Envy denies this at first, until she sees her boyfriend coming out of the bathroom, with Lynette right behind him. Seeing a pair of panties on his head, she finally figures it out and, in a fit of rage, ultimately "fires" Lynette, smashing off the drummer's bionic arm as she teleports out of the scene. Todd tries to get back in Envy's good graces, only to receive a swift knee to his crotch. Enraged, Todd uses his psychic powers to fling Envy to the front of the sound stage, then shamelessly flips off the shocked audience.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: Todd and Scott then proceed to have a Bass Battle, and Scott is aided by the powers of The Boys and Crash (the opening band for the evening). Todd almost wins the battle until the vegan police show up and strip him of his powers for multiple vegan offenses, such as eating the gelato earlier. Scott headbutts the powerless Todd, who is reduced to a pile of coins. Afterwards, Scott receives an extra life. Finally, Sex Bob-omb gets to play, while the audience comments on their performance (some consider them amateurish compared to the now-defunct Clash at Demonhead). As they play, the audience gives mostly positive critiques, except for an indifferent man with a shadowy profile wearing glasses who merely says "No comment" and walks away. Scott notices the man briefly as he leaves.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: After an awkward talk later on, Envy bids Scott farewell before she heads to the airport. A disappointed Scott had hoped to get some sort of closure from his ex, but soon gets over it. It stops raining and the sun comes out, which makes Wallace remark that they still have the future to look forward to.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: The novel features a colored introduction before the volume actually begins. It takes place during summer 2005, two months after Scott defeated Todd Ingram, as the characters have a get-together on the beach for Julie's birthday. Ramona tells Scott that he is the nicest boy she's ever dated. Later, at Julie's aunt's house, Scott accidentally walks in on Kim and Knives, who are drunk and making out.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: Later that August, Kim moves into an apartment with Hollie and Joseph. Stephen, who is volunteering to help, sees that Joseph has a home recording studio, and asks him to help Sex Bob-omb record an album. Joseph agrees to it, but only because he is attracted to Stephen.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: A heat wave hits Toronto, and to escape it, Scott goes to the Dufferin Mall, where his old high school friend Lisa spots him and they catch up. Later, at Knives' house, Knives and her friend Tamara notice that the picture of Scott on Knives's shrine is slashed.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: Scott takes Lisa to Sneaky Dee's to re-acquaint her with Kim and introduce her to the rest of his friends, including Ramona. That night, Scott has a dream that he is wandering in a forest with an elf. Ramona shows up and starts to nag him, which prompts him to wake up and try to find a job.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: Scott first tries his luck at Second Cup, but is stymied when Stacey asks him if he really wants to work there. His attempts to get a job at No Account Video quickly fail after Kim points out that he doesn't have a resume, is not prepared for an interview, and owes the video store money in late fees. Kim brings Scott to The Happy Avocado, the vegetarian restaurant where Stephen Stills works. Scott is hired and vows to be the best dishwasher ever, for which he gains 500 experience points. Afterward, Kim realizes that a man with a samurai sword has been following Scott. The man slices a streetcar in half and chases Scott, but Scott and Kim escape through a door that leads to a subspace portal.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: Later that day, Scott goes with Ramona to Stephen and Young Neil's place for band practice; upon arrival, Stephen notes that they can't practice as Kim's drum set is at Hollie's due to them currently recording their album. Later, after a recording session, the members of Sex Bob-omb, along with Kim's housemates and Julie, go to Sneaky Dee's. When Knives shows up and sits next to Stephen, Julie freaks out and Scott decides to leave.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: The next day, Scott and Wallace venture to the financial district to meet with their landlord, Peter. Peter tells them that they must re-sign the lease or leave by August 27. Scott goes to his first day of work at the Happy Avocado. Afterwards, Scott is attacked by a ninja. When he counter-attacks, he discovers that the ninja is a girl. Too winded to make a proper introduction, she tells Scott that they will meet again and disappears.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: Confused, Scott goes back to his apartment, calls Ramona to ask her about the recent encounter, and leaves her a message as she is out. The band continues to record their album and once again go to Sneaky Dee's. Lisa pulls Scott out to the street, where she drunkenly makes a pass at him. That night, Scott and Wallace lie in bed awake, and Wallace tells Scott that they must decide whether or not to move out.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: The following afternoon, Scott is working at the Happy Avocado with Stephen when he suddenly spots the girl who attacked him. Ducking down in terror, he asks Stephen to see who she's with, and Stephen replies that she's with Ramona. He then confronts the two, and eventually Scott realizes that the ninja is in fact one of Ramona's exes and a member of the League of Ramona's Evil Exes. The ninja, Roxie Richter, prepares to fight Scott, but Scott cowers behind Ramona, not wanting to fight Roxie by using the excuse that she's got a sword. Ramona then allows Scott to hide in her subspace Suitcase and asks him to pass her a weapon.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: Ramona and Scott then travel to through a nearby subspace door and Ramona prepares to battle Roxie herself. Ramona appears to have the upper hand during the battle, but she is eventually out-maneuvered by Roxie's superior speed and is knocked back into submission. Roxie then leaves subspace, leaving Scott confused and Ramona downtrodden.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: Afterward, Ramona tells Scott about Roxie and how she's become an accomplished artist. Scott then subtly asks if he can move in with Ramona and she reluctantly agrees. They then go with the rest of the group once again to Sneaky Dee's, but Ramona becomes suspicious of the relationship between Scott and Lisa. On the way back from Sneaky Dee's, Ramona confronts Scott and after a heated argument, leaves him for the evening. Scott stumbles upon Wallace in bed with his (unseen) boyfriend Mobile. Wallace tells Scott that he has been fired from his job at the Happy Avocado due to the commotion earlier that day. Having nowhere to go and unwilling to face Ramona, Scott resorts to calling Lisa and asking to stay the night with her at her sister's. While there, he and Lisa question why they never got together. Scott admits to having a fight with Ramona, and Lisa suggests that they hook up.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: The chapter cuts to Scott having another dream in the woods, where he encounters a half-angelic/half-demonic Ramona who asks him if he really wants her, since he can't seem to remember the password. Roxie appears and starts to chase him, slicing off one of his arms with her katana. He wakes up and Lisa tells him that nothing happened between them and that Scott confessed his love for Ramona to her. Relieved, Scott leaves and goes back to the Happy Avocado to get his job back. He succeeds, primarily due to the fact that they had no one to replace him yet.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: After his shift, Scott heads to Second Cup. Upon entering, he realizes that he is in a different Second Cup and finds Knives working at the counter. He turns to leave, but spots the man who first attacked him. Knives exclaims that it's her dad and realizes that because she was dating a white boy, his brain broke in half, only to "be replaced by a purely mechanical engine of revenge." Mr. Chau then spots Scott and gives chase. Scott escapes into subspace, where he finds Ramona, dressed scandalously and sitting at the foot of a shadowy figure. Enraged, Ramona chases him out of subspace, and they end up on her front lawn. After he explains that he was only fleeing another attempt on his life, she calms down and tells him to forget what he saw. He tells her that he spent the night at Lisa's because he couldn't go home and didn't dare call her. Before she can react, Roxie appears and complains that she's trying to sleep. Thinking that Ramona may have cheated on him, Scott's head begins to glow. Too deflated to explain the situation, Ramona tells Scott to "walk it off", and he stumbles off.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: After collapsing in the middle of a busy road, he becomes aware of a person standing over him. On looking up, Scott sees a doppelganger of himself with a sinister sneer. Scott charges through the double, and it vanishes.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: On arriving at Ramona's house, he is confronted by Mr. Chau, who followed him through subspace and is now chasing her. Scott lures Mr. Chau into Ramona's home and Roxie, believing that Mr. Chau is an agent of Gideon sent to do her job for her, charges him with her katana. The momentum sends her and Mr. Chau over the edge of the second-floor balcony, all while Roxie taunts Scott for being too scared to fight her. When Ramona comments that Roxie has a point, Scott finally gets up the nerve to tell Ramona that he loves her and gains 9,999 experience points. As a result, he levels up and gains the Power of Love, a longsword which he uses to slice Roxie in half. Roxie taunts Scott about the upcoming exes, and her body then explodes into bunnies, birdies, and piglets. Realizing Mr. Chau is still there, Scott assures him that he hardly even touched his daughter and always respected her; apparently satisfied, the old man bows and disappears.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: Scott then kisses Ramona and declares that he loves her, and Ramona tells him she loves him too. They decided to move in together. Meanwhile, Mr. Chau tells Knives in Chinese that he thinks Scott is a decent man and that perhaps dating a white boy isn't such a bad idea. Knives, however, has no idea what he is saying since she doesn't understand Chinese.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: Later, at a Korean restaurant, Scott learns that Wallace has decided to move in with his boyfriend, while Lisa announces that she's finally gotten her papers to move to the US.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: It is September 27, 2005, Scott's 24th birthday. There is a time skip to a Day of the Dead-themed party thrown by Julie in her new studio apartment. While at the party, Ramona Flowers spots her next two evil ex-boyfriends, the twins Kyle & Ken Katayanagi, who were invited to the party by Julie. Scott approaches them and prepares to fight, but instead is forced to fight their robot, Robot-01. Whilst Scott is fighting the robot, Knives talks to Stephen, who reveals that he and Julie have broken up again; he then tells Knives that Scott cheated on Knives with Ramona, which shocks Knives. Scott then defeats Robot-01 and "wins the party." Throughout November, Scott and Ramona's relationship falls into a monotonous routine, with Ramona clearly being distressed about something and becoming increasingly distant to Scott.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: Later, Sex Bob-omb prepares for a show at Sneaky Dee's that Julie sprung on the band as revenge for their break-up, even though they haven't rehearsed in months due to Stephen's persistent but fruitless recording, causing the band's performance to have severely dropped from when they performed at Lee's Palace. Backstage, Stephen tells Scott that they're opening with Erasmus; however, Scott forgets this and tells Kim that they're starting with Herself the Elf, causing Stephen and Kim to attempt to start out with entirely different songs. Meanwhile, Ramona encounters Knives in the bathroom, and after a small fight, Knives tells her that Scott cheated on them at the same time. Ramona leaves to find Scott onstage destroying another one of the twins' robots breaking his bass in the process. The concert is revealed to have been a trap deployed by the twins to get Scott off-guard. On the way home, Scott admits that he forgot his keys and Ramona refuses to let him in for the night, claiming that she needs some time alone.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: Scott stays with Wallace, who asks about the twins. Scott tells him that their last name is "Katamari." Wallace reveals to Scott that he has found pictures of Gideon Graves, all of which are blurry or indistinct. The next day, Scott goes to No-Account Video to find Kim leaving and tells Scott that he "[doesn't] need to see Hollie" implying that the two had a fight. Scott then goes with Kim to Stephen's place to find him; while there, they come across Young Neil who is smoking in his room and acts rather coldly to Scott and Kim.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: That night, Scott stays on Kim's couch and asks Kim to help arrange a setup so that he can casually bump into Kim and Ramona while they get coffee. The setup is so pathetic that it actually works. The three talk, and Kim reveals that her boyfriend, Jason (who Scott didn't even know was dating Kim), had cheated on her with Hollie. As they talk, Ramona's head begins to glow, while Scott tries to casually keep the conversation going. Kim goes for the blunt option and asks what's wrong with Ramona's head, confusing Ramona as she is unaware of the glow. When Kim takes Ramona to the bathroom to show her the glow, it stops.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: The group then attends another one of Julie's parties and Ramona bumps into Young Neil. Scott then encounters the twins once again and is forced to fight yet another robot. Meanwhile, Ramona is smoking on the balcony where Kyle Katayanagi approaches her and reveals some truths about Ramona's nature. Kim then approaches Ramona on the balcony, who Ramona believes may be Kyle again and starts shouting. When Kim tells her to settle down, her head glows again and Kim takes a picture with her camera phone of Ramona's head.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: Kim and Ramona proceed to get drunk, and after defeating the robot, Scott joins them. Later, Kim takes the subway home, and is kidnapped by the twins. Ramona and Scott stumble home and have sex. Afterward, Ramona confronts Scott about whether he cheated on her with Knives or vice versa. He blurts out that he cheated on Knives with her. Her head then glows again, and she tells Scott that he is a bad person and "another Evil Ex waiting to happen". Fearing that his stupidity may lead to an impending breakup, Scott apologizes and vows to make everything better upon defeating the twins the next day and then Gideon. In the morning, he notices a text message from Kim about her kidnapping. Scott leaves, telling Ramona where he went. Ramona, in the shower, doesn't hear this and storms out of the bathroom demanding to know what Scott was yelling about, only to discover that he had already left. Ramona then removes a towel from her head, revealing her new haircut.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: Scott arrives at a construction site to rescue Kim. Scott is unable to perform at his fullest as he nursing a hangover and is troubled by his relationship with Ramona. The twins explain that Ramona cheated on both of them with one another and mock his belief in her fidelity. Kim attempts to bolster Scott's morale whilst also attempting to draw his attention to herself, but fails. As he begins to lose the fight, Kim lies and says that Ramona texted her to give Scott encouragement. Scott is motivated, and defeats the twins simultaneously, racking up a massive bonus.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: Scott rushes back to the apartment to find Ramona, who tells Scott that she is a bad person. Scott tries to calm her down, saying that he loves her no matter what, but Ramona's head begins to glow brighter and brighter and she disappears, claiming that she "had a good time." Scott tries to look for her, but instead lets her cat out and locks himself out of her apartment.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: Over the next few days, Scott bed-hops and tries to get Ramona's cat to come back by feeding it fish. Scott then goes to Kim's, who reveals that Hollie had sold the couch, forcing Scott to spend the night sharing a bed with Kim. While there, Kim tells Scott that she is going to move back home with her parents. Scott spends a night at Wallace's place where he meets Mobile, who Scott immediately mistakes for Gideon because they both wear glasses. A couple of days later, Kim departs to her parents and Scott sees her off. Scott apologizes to her for his behavior, for which she accepts.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: Some time later, Scott moves into a new apartment paid for by his parents. While there, Scott notices a person with thick-rimmed glasses, who he mistakes for Gideon and kicks to the ground. Scott's parents then reveal that the person is his brother, Lawrence West, who Scott vaguely remembers. Lawrence came to get his bass guitar back from Scott, who gives it to him (failing to mention that it is broken) and the family leaves Scott alone. Scott then receives a telephone call from Gideon, who asks, "When would it be convenient for you to die?"


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: Scott has a nightmare, in which he sees an image of Ramona. He dashes to it, but it suddenly turns into an image of Gideon who tells him he's waiting, before a flash blinds him. In the real world, it has been four months since Ramona disappeared. Scott wastes away his time playing video games on his couch despite efforts from Wallace and Stephen to get him to go out. When he visits, Stephen reveals he started a new band. That night, Scott has a dream of Ramona impaling him with the Power of Love sword then being attacked by shadow creatures resembling Kim, Knives and Envy. Scott wakes up and heads to the Cameron House to hear Stephen's latest band.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: While there, Scott learns about Gideon's new club, the Chaos Theatre, which will open soon. He also runs into Knives, now 18, and learns she'll be moving away to go to college. Scott offers to have casual sex with her, which she declines. The two reconcile after Knives explains she is slowly getting over Scott and moving on with her life. She offers to make out with him, which he accepts; however, they quickly stop after realizing how horrible it was.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: Scott later makes his way to a party in a daze He meets Young Neil while there and learns that Envy is at the party. He tries to make fun of her when he see her but only ends up embarrassing himself and apologizes profusely to Envy.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: The next morning, Envy calls and the two go out for coffee to catch up, though Scott can barely pay attention. Later, he meets with Wallace who reveals that Envy recently turned 25. That night, Scott gets a call from Kim telling him to come visit her. Gideon the cat comes back that night and Scott sleeps peacefully. The next day he meets with Envy again and the two talk about their past relationship, though Scott seems to have trouble remembering anything about it, especially the infamous New Year's incident. Envy then reveals it was actually Scott who started the fight during the party that led to their break up. Gideon suddenly appears during their conversation; Scott is intimidated by his presence and runs away.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: Some time later, Wallace forces Scott to leave town for a "Wilderness Sabbatical" in hopes of getting Scott to clear his head and train for his battle with Gideon. Scott is reluctant but eventually heads north and stays with Kim and her parents. After breakfast one day, Scott and Kim head into the woods. They talk about what it means to grow up, during which Scott tries to restart his relationship with her. Kim declines, mentioning how he moved away and neglected to tell her any details on the matter, which she heard about from Lisa. Kim also reveals that the incident with Simon Lee wasn't the epic brawl Scott thought. As it turns out, Simon was actually a nerdy Chinese kid who Kim was dating at the time, and Scott attacked him simply because he saw Simon hug her.


title: Scott Pilgrim

text: Upon hearing this, Scott's head begins to glow and he once again spots his dark alter ego, Nega-Scott. A fight ensues between the two. During the fight, Kim tells him that if he keeps making mistakes, the fight against his dark side will never end, and she doesn't know what will happen if he continues. The words hit Scott hard as he suddenly remembers Ramona, and realizes he has been repressing his love for her to escape reality. Nega-Scott stops its assault and merges back into him as Scott finally acknowledges his mistakes, commenting he doesn't deserve Ramona back. Kim gives him encouragement tells him to fight and earn her back. She gives him one last kiss before Scott returns to Toronto.