title: Tuvan People's Republic

text: On 7 August 1944, the Central Committee of the TPRP decided to subsume Tuva into the Soviet Union. This was supported on 15 August by the 9th Plenary Session. On 17 August, the 7th Extraordinary Session of the Little Khural created a "Declaration of the Accession of the Tuvan People's Republic to the Soviet Union". Finally, on 11 October 1944, at a meeting of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet, Khertek Anchimaa-Toka read out the declaration detailing the desire for Tuva to join the USSR, which was accepted. The decision went into effect on 1 November 1944, and the Tuvan People's Republic thus became the Tuvan Autonomous Oblast, a part of the Russian SFSR (the largest constituent republic of the Soviet Union).


title: Tuvan People's Republic

text: Salchak Toka's position changed from "General Secretary of the TPRP" to "First Secretary of the Oblast Committee of the CPSU of the Tuvan Autonomous Oblast" (changed to "Republican Committee" in 1961) and continued his rule of the region until his death in 1973.


title: Tuvan People's Republic

text: On 10 October 1961, the Tuvan Autonomous Oblast became the Tuvan ASSR, still within the Russian SFSR, and remained so until 1992. The area that was the Tuvan People's Republic is now known as the Tuva Republic within the Russian Federation.


title: Tuc Watkins

text: Charles Curtis "Tuc" Watkins III (born September 2, 1966) is an American actor, known for his roles as David Vickers on "One Life to Live", Mr. Burns in "The Mummy, Bob Hunter on "Desperate Housewives", Congressman Roger Harris on "Black Monday", Hank in "The Boys in the Band", Troy on "The Other Two", and Colin McKenna on "Uncoupled".


title: Tuc Watkins

text: Charles Curtis Watkins III was born in Kansas City, Kansas, to salesman Charles Curtis Watkins II, and a photographer mother. He attended Indiana University where he majored in communications with a triple minor in theatre, psychology, and French. He has a younger sister, Courtney, born in 1968.


title: Tuc Watkins

text: Watkins started his career with guest appearances on various television series including "Baywatch", "Get a Life", "Melrose Place", and "Sisters". He portrayed con-man David Vickers on the ABC soap opera "One Life to Live" from 1994 to 1996, next joining the soap opera "General Hospital" in the recurring role of Dr. Pierce Dorman from 1996 to 1997. Watkins went on to star as Malcolm Laffley on the Showtime series "Beggars and Choosers" for its two-season run from 1999 to 2001. In 1999, he made his film debut in "I Think I Do", a small budget independent screwball romantic comedy, playing Sterling Scott, the soap opera hunk boyfriend of Bob, played by Alexis Arquette. He followed this with his first appearance in a big studio production, "The Mummy" as the near-sighted glasses-wearing tomb raider Burns, later guest-starring on television series such as "NYPD Blue", "Six Feet Under", and "". After brief appearances in 2001 and 2002, Watkins rejoined the cast of "One Life to Live" full-time from 2003 through 2006, with several short term returns to the show in 2007, 2008, and 2009, returning again on a regular basis beginning in June 2010. "Soap Opera Digest" named Watkins's David their "Most Entertaining Male Character" of 2008, noting that "Time and time again, David's harebrained schemes and Tuc Watkins's side-splitting performances provide amusement we're always sorry to see end."


title: Tuc Watkins

text: On October 21, 2007, Watkins made his first appearance on ABC's Emmy-winning primetime series "Desperate Housewives" as Bob Hunter, a new resident of Wisteria Lane who is a gay lawyer with a husband. He was a recurring character in seasons 4-6 and a series regular in seasons 7-8.


title: Tuc Watkins

text: In July 2009, a Funny or Die video called "The Sentimentalist" starring Watkins was ranked number five on "Entertainment Weekly" "The Must List", which notes the magazine's ten weekly choices among film, television, DVDs, books, music, and online entertainment for "The Top 10 Things We Love This Week".


title: Tuc Watkins

text: From 2007-2012, he continued his role of Bob Hunter on "Desperate Housewives", staying with the show through its series finale on May 13, 2012.


title: Tuc Watkins

text: From 2012-2014, he played the recurring role of Pistol Pete on NBC's Emmy-nominated comedy series "Parks and Recreation".


title: Tuc Watkins

text: In 2012, he guest starred on several TV series, including "Franklin & Bash" as Lance, "" as Dr. Brett Denning, and "Baby Daddy" as Hank.


title: Tuc Watkins

text: In 2013, he guest starred on "Maron" as Jerry, "Warehouse 13" as Nate, and "Anger Management" as Jeff.


title: Tuc Watkins

text: In 2018, he played Hank in the 2018 Broadway revival of "The Boys in the Band". It was directed by Joe Mantello and opened in previews at the Booth Theatre on April 30, 2018, officially on May 31, and ran until August 11, 2018. This production, staged for the 50th anniversary of the play's original premiere, starred Matt Bomer, Jim Parsons, Zachary Quinto, Andrew Rannells, Charlie Carver, Robin de Jesús, Brian Hutchison, Michael Benjamin Washington, and Watkins. All of the actors who were in the 2018 production are openly gay. This production won the 2019 Tony Award for Best Revival of a Play.


title: Tuc Watkins

text: In 2020, Watkins reprised his role as Hank in the Netflix film "The Boys in the Band". The film stars the full roster of players from the play's 2018 Broadway revival, comprising a cast of exclusively openly-gay actors, including Jim Parsons, Zachary Quinto, Matt Bomer, Andrew Rannells, Charlie Carver, Robin de Jesús, Brian Hutchison, Michael Benjamin Washington, and Watkins. The film was released on September 30, 2020 on Netflix and received positive reviews from critics.


title: Tuc Watkins

text: Also in 2020, he began portraying Congressman Roger Harris on season 2 of Showtime's Emmy-nominated comedy series "Black Monday". The series stars Don Cheadle, Andrew Rannells, Regina Hall, Casey Wilson, and Paul Scheer, and follows the employees of second-tier Wall Street trading firm the Jammer Group during the year leading up to "Black Monday", the day when international stock markets crashed in 1987.


title: Tuc Watkins

text: In 2021, he began portraying Troy on the hit HBO MAX comedy series "The Other Two", starring Heléne Yorke, Drew Tarver, Ken Marino, and Molly Shannon.


title: Tuc Watkins

text: In 2022, he began portraying Colin McKenna on the Netflix comedy series "Uncoupled", created by Darren Star and Jeffrey Richman. Watkins plays Neil Patrick Harris's ex-boyfriend of 17 years. The series premiered on Netflix on July 29, 2022 to critical acclaim.


title: Tuc Watkins

text: Watkins is openly gay and came out as gay on April 26, 2013, in an interview on "Marie" with Marie Osmond. In that same interview, Watkins announced he had become a single father in December 2012 by welcoming twins Catchen and Curtis via surrogacy. Watkins lives in Manhattan.


title: Tuc Watkins

text: Since 2019, he has been in a relationship with actor Andrew Rannells. The two met the year before while playing a couple on the Broadway production of "The Boys in the Band". They reprised their roles for Netflix's film version of the show and also worked together on "Black Monday".


title: Provinces of Indonesia

text: Provinces of Indonesia are the 38 administrative divisions of Indonesia and the highest tier of the local government (formerly called first-level region provinces or ). Provinces are further divided into regencies and cities (formerly called second-level region regencies and cities or ), which are in turn subdivided into districts ("kecamatan").


title: Provinces of Indonesia

text: Article 18 paragraph 1 of The 1945 Constitution states that "The Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia is divided into provincial regions and those provincial regions are divided into regencies and city, whereby every one of those provinces, regencies, and municipalities has its regional government, which shall be regulated by laws."


title: Provinces of Indonesia

text: According to the Law on Regional Government (UU 23/2014) the authority of the Provincial Government includes:


title: Provinces of Indonesia

text: The authority of the provincial government are government affairs which are located across regencies/municipalities, government affairs whose users are across regencies/municipalities, government affairs whose benefits or negative impacts lie across regencies/municipalities, government affairs which use more resources. efficient if carried out by the province.


title: Provinces of Indonesia

text: Each province has a local government, headed by a governor and a legislative body (DPRD). The governor and members of local representative bodies are elected by popular vote for five-year terms, but governors can only serve for two terms. The general election to elect members of the DPRDs is conducted simultaneously with the national general election. Previously, the general elections for Governor and Vice Governor were not held simultaneously. However, since 2015 regional head elections have been held simultaneously. Under the plan, simultaneous partial local elections will be held in February 2017, June 2018, December 2020, culminating in simultaneous elections for all local executive posts on November 2024 and then every five years.


title: Provinces of Indonesia

text: After the creation of Southwest Papua, Indonesia now has 38 provinces: 29 ordinary provinces and 9 provinces that have special status. The 1945 Constitution mentions that the state of Indonesia acknowledges and respects the special status of some of its regional governments. The special status is divided into two separate characteristics which in Indonesian are "Istimewa" and "Khusus". The main meaning for both is special in English, however Istimewa could also be translated to "privileged".


title: Provinces of Indonesia

text: The provinces are officially grouped into seven geographical units for statistical and national planning purposes, but without administrative function.


title: Provinces of Indonesia

text: Upon the independence of Indonesia, eight provinces were established. West Java, Central Java, East Java, and Maluku still exist as of today despite later divisions, while Sumatra, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, and Nusa Tenggara, formerly Lesser Sunda ("Sunda Kecil") were fully liquidated by dividing them into new provinces. The province of Central Sumatra existed from 1948 to 1957, while East Timor was annexed as a province from 1976 until its power transfer to UNTAET in 1999 prior to its independence as a country in 2002.


title: Colloquialism

text: Colloquialism (), also called colloquial language, everyday language or general parlance, is the linguistic style used for casual (informal) communication. It is the most common functional style of speech, the idiom normally employed in conversation and other informal contexts. Colloquialism is characterized by wide usage of interjections and other expressive devices; it makes use of non-specialist terminology, and has a rapidly changing lexicon. It can also be distinguished by its usage of formulations with incomplete logical and syntactic ordering.


title: Colloquialism

text: A specific instance of such language is termed a "colloquialism". The most common term used in dictionaries to label such an expression is "colloquial".


title: Colloquialism

text: Colloquialism or general parlance is distinct from formal speech or formal writing. It is the form of language that speakers typically use when they are relaxed and not especially self-conscious. An expression is labeled "colloq." for "colloquial" in dictionaries when a different expression is preferred in formal usage, but this does not mean that the colloquial expression is necessarily slang or non-standard.


title: Colloquialism

text: Some colloquial language contains a great deal of slang, but some contains no slang at all. Slang is often used in colloquial speech, but this particular register is restricted to particular in-groups, and it is not a necessary element of colloquialism. Other examples of colloquial usage in English include contractions or profanity.


title: Colloquialism

text: "Colloquial" should also be distinguished from "non-standard". The difference between standard and non-standard is not necessarily connected to the difference between formal and colloquial. Formal, colloquial, and vulgar language are more a matter of stylistic variation and diction, rather than of the standard and non-standard dichotomy. The term "colloquial" is also equated with "non-standard" at times, in certain contexts and terminological conventions.


title: Colloquialism

text: A colloquial name or familiar name is a name or term commonly used to identify a person or thing in non-specialist language, in place of another usually more formal or technical name. (See also: common name, trivial name).


title: Colloquialism

text: In the philosophy of language, "colloquial language" is ordinary natural language, as distinct from specialized forms used in logic or other areas of philosophy. In the field of logical atomism, meaning is evaluated in a different way than with more formal propositions.


title: Colloquialism

text: Colloquialisms are distinct from slang or jargon. Slang refers to words used only by specific social groups, such as demographics based on region, age, or socio-economic identity. In contrast, jargon is most commonly used within specific occupations, industries, activities, or areas of interest. Colloquial language includes slang, along with abbreviations, contractions, idioms, turns-of-phrase, and other informal words and phrases known to most native speakers of a language or dialect.


title: Colloquialism

text: Jargon is terminology that is explicitly defined in relationship to a specific activity, profession, or group. The term refers to the language used by people who work in a particular area or who have a common interest. Similar to slang, it is shorthand used to express ideas, people, and things that are frequently discussed between members of a group. Unlike slang, it is often developed deliberately. While a standard term may be given a more precise or unique usage amongst practitioners of relevant disciplines, it is often reported that jargon is a barrier to communication for those people unfamiliar with the respective field.


title: Leaves of Grass

text: Leaves of Grass is a poetry collection by American poet Walt Whitman. Though it was first published in 1855, Whitman spent most of his professional life writing and rewriting "Leaves of Grass", revising it multiple times until his death. There have been held to be either six or nine individual editions of "Leaves of Grass", the count varying depending on how they are distinguished. This resulted in vastly different editions over four decades—the first edition being a small book of twelve poems, and the last, a compilation of over 400.


title: Leaves of Grass

text: The collection of loosely connected poems represents the celebration of his philosophy of life and humanity and praises nature and the individual human's role in it. Rather than focusing on religious or spiritual matters, "Leaves of Grass" focuses primarily on the body and the material world. With one exception, its poems do not rhyme or follow standard rules for meter and line length.


title: Leaves of Grass

text: "Leaves of Grass" is regarded by many scholars as a completely do-it-yourself project. Whitman chose his idealized self as the subject of the book, created the style in which it was written (working hard and intelligently to perfect the style over a period of six or seven years), and created the personality of the proletarian bard—the supposed writer of the poems.


title: Leaves of Grass

text: "Leaves of Grass" is also notable for its discussion of delight in sensual pleasures during a time when such candid displays were considered immoral. The book was highly controversial during its time for its explicit sexual imagery, and Whitman was subject to derision by many contemporary critics. Over time, however, the collection has infiltrated popular culture and became recognized as one of the central works of American poetry.


title: Leaves of Grass

text: Among the works in this collection are "Song of Myself", "I Sing the Body Electric", and "Out of the Cradle Endlessly Rocking". Later editions would include Whitman's elegy to the assassinated President Abraham Lincoln, "When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd".


title: Leaves of Grass

text: The first edition of "Leaves of Grass" was published on July 4, 1855. The poem has its beginnings in an essay by Ralph Waldo Emerson called "The Poet" (1844), which expressed the need for the United States to have its own new and unique poet to write about the new country's virtues and vices. This concept, along with the call to abandon strict rhyme and meter, were explored more fully in earlier works by John Neal: novels "Randolph" (1823) and "Rachel Dyer" (1828). Whitman, likely having read all three, consciously set out to answer their call. He thus began working on the first edition of "Leaves of Grass". Whitman later commented on Emerson's influence, stating, "I was simmering, simmering, simmering; Emerson brought me to a boil."


title: Leaves of Grass

text: On May 15, 1855, Whitman registered the title "Leaves of Grass" with the clerk of the United States District Court, Southern District of New Jersey, and received its copyright. The title is a pun, as "grass" was a term given by publishers to works of minor value, and "leaves" is another name for the pages on which they were printed. The first edition was published in Brooklyn at the printing shop of two Scottish immigrants, James and Andrew Rome, whom Whitman had known since the 1840s. The shop was located at Fulton Street (now Cadman Plaza West) and Cranberry Street, now the site of apartment buildings that bear Whitman's name. Whitman paid for and did much of the typesetting for the first edition himself.


title: Leaves of Grass

text: A calculated feature of the first edition was that the book included neither the author nor the publisher's name (both the author and publisher being Whitman). Instead, the cover included an engraving by Samuel Hollyer depicting Whitman himself—in work clothes and a jaunty hat, arms at his side. This figure was meant to represent the devil-may-care American working man of the time, one who might be taken as an almost idealized figure in any crowd. The engraver, later commenting on his depiction, described the character with "a rakish kind of slant, like the mast of a schooner".


title: Leaves of Grass

text: The first edition contained no table of contents, and none of the poems had a title. Early advertisements appealed to "lovers of literary curiosities" as an oddity. Sales of the book were few, but Whitman was not discouraged.


title: Leaves of Grass

text: One paper-bound copy was sent to Emerson, who had initially inspired its creation. Emerson responded with a letter of heartfelt thanks, writing, "I find it the most extraordinary piece of wit and wisdom America has yet contributed." He went on, "I am very happy in reading it, as great power makes us happy." The letter was printed in the "New York Tribune"—without the writer's permission—and caused an uproar among prominent New England men of letters, including Henry David Thoreau and Amos Bronson Alcott, who were some of the few Transcendentalists who agreed with Emerson's letter and his statements regarding "Leaves of Grass".


title: Leaves of Grass

text: The first edition was very small and collected only twelve unnamed poems in 95 pages. Whitman once said he intended the book to be small enough to be carried in a pocket. "That would tend to induce people to take me along with them and read me in the open air: I am nearly always successful with the reader in the open air", he explained. About 800 copies were printed, though only 200 were bound in its trademark green cloth cover. The only American library known to have purchased a copy of the first edition was in Philadelphia. The poems of the first edition, which were given titles in later issues, included:


title: Leaves of Grass

text: There have been held to be either six or nine editions of "Leaves of Grass," the count depending on how they are distinguished: scholars who hold that an edition is an entirely new set of type will count the 1855, 1856, 1860, 1867, 1871–72, and 1881 printings; whereas others will include the 1876, 1888–1889, and 1891–1892 (the "deathbed edition") releases.


title: Leaves of Grass

text: The editions were of varying length, each one larger and augmented from the previous version—the final edition reached over 400 poems. The first 1855 edition is particularly notable for its inclusion of the poems "Song of Myself" and "The Sleepers".


title: Leaves of Grass

text: It was Emerson's positive response to the first edition that inspired Whitman to quickly produce a much-expanded second edition in 1856. This new edition contained 384 pages and had a cover price of one dollar. It also included a phrase from Emerson's letter, printed in gold leaf: "I Greet You at the Beginning of a Great Career." Recognized as a "first" for U.S. book publishing and marketing techniques, Whitman has been cited as "inventing" the use of the book blurb. Laura Dassow Walls, Professor of English at the University of Notre Dame, noted, "In one stroke, Whitman had given birth to the modern cover blurb, quite without Emerson's permission." Emerson later took offense that this letter was made public and became more critical of his work. This edition included "Crossing Brooklyn Ferry"—a notable poem.


title: Leaves of Grass

text: The publishers of the 1860 edition, Thayer and Eldridge, declared bankruptcy shortly after its publication, and were almost unable to pay Whitman. "In regard to money matters," they wrote, "we are very short ourselves and it is quite impossible to send the sum." Whitman received only $250, and the original plates made their way to Boston publisher Horace Wentworth. When the 456-page book was finally issued, Whitman said, "It is quite 'odd', of course," referring to its appearance: it was bound in orange cloth with symbols like a rising sun with nine spokes of light and a butterfly perched on a hand. Whitman claimed that the butterfly was real in order to foster his image as being "one with nature." In fact, the butterfly was made of cloth and was attached to his finger with wire. The major poems added to this edition were "A Word Out of the Sea" and "As I Ebb'd With the Ocean of Life".


title: Leaves of Grass

text: The 1867 edition was intended to be, according to Whitman, "a new & much better edition of "Leaves of Grass" complete — that "unkillable" work!" He assumed it would be the final edition. The edition, which included the "Drum-Taps" section, its "Sequel", and the new "Songs before Parting", was delayed when the binder went bankrupt and its distributing firm failed. When it was finally printed, it was a simple edition and the first to omit a picture of the poet.


title: Leaves of Grass

text: In 1879, Richard Worthington purchased the electrotype plates and began printing and marketing unauthorized copies.


title: Leaves of Grass

text: The 1889 (eighth) edition was little changed from the 1881 version, but it was more embellished and featured several portraits of Whitman. The biggest change was the addition of an "Annex" of miscellaneous additional poems.


title: Leaves of Grass

text: Earlier editions contained a section called "Chants Democratic"; later editions omitted some of the poems from this section, publishing others in Calamus and other sections.


title: Leaves of Grass

text: As 1891 came to a close, Whitman prepared a final edition of "Leaves of Grass", writing to a friend upon its completion, "L. of G. "at last complete" — after 33 y'rs of hackling at it, all times & moods of my life, fair weather & foul, all parts of the land, and peace & war, young & old." This last version of "Leaves of Grass" was published in 1892 and is referred to as the deathbed edition. In January 1892, two months before Whitman's death, an announcement was published in the "New York Herald":


title: Leaves of Grass

text: Walt Whitman wishes respectfully to notify the public that the book "Leaves of Grass", which he has been working on at great intervals and partially issued for the past thirty-five or forty years, is now completed, so to call it, and he would like this new 1892 edition to absolutely supersede all previous ones. Faulty as it is, he decides it as by far his special and entire self-chosen poetic utterance.


title: Leaves of Grass

text: By the time this last edition was completed, "Leaves of Grass" had grown from a small book of 12 poems to a hefty tome of almost 400 poems. As the volume changed, so did the pictures that Whitman used to illustrate them—the last edition depicts an older Whitman with a full beard and jacket.


title: Leaves of Grass

text: Whitman's collection of poems in "Leaves of Grass" is usually interpreted according to the individual poems contained within its individual editions. Discussion is often focused upon the major editions typically associated with the early respective versions of 1855 and 1856, to the 1860 edition, and finally to editions late into Whitman's life. These latter editions would include the poem "When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd", Whitman's elegy to Abraham Lincoln after his death.


title: Leaves of Grass

text: While Whitman has famously proclaimed (in "Song of Myself") his poetry to be "Nature without check with original energy", scholars have discovered that Whitman borrowed from a number of sources for his "Leaves of Grass". For his "Drum-Taps", for instance, he lifted phrases from popular newspapers dealing with Civil War battles. He also condensed a chapter from a popular science book into his poem "The World Below the Brine".


title: Leaves of Grass

text: In a constantly changing culture, Whitman's literature has an element of timelessness that appeals to the American notion of democracy and equality, producing the same experience and feelings within people living centuries apart. Originally written at a time of significant urbanization in America, "Leaves of Grass" also responds to the impact such has on the masses. The title metaphor of grass, however, indicates a pastoral vision of rural idealism.


title: Leaves of Grass

text: Particularly in "Song of Myself", Whitman emphasizes an all-powerful "I" who serves as narrator. The "I" attempts to relieve both social and private problems by using powerful affirmative cultural images; the emphasis on American culture in particular helped reach Whitman's intention of creating a distinctly American epic poem comparable to the works of Homer.


title: Leaves of Grass

text: As a believer in phrenology, Whitman, in the 1855 preface to "Leaves of Grass", includes the phrenologist among those he describes as "the lawgivers of poets." Borrowing from the discipline, Whitman uses the phrenological concept of "adhesiveness" in reference to one's propensity for friendship and camaraderie.


title: Leaves of Grass

text: Whitman edited, revised, and republished "Leaves of Grass" many times before his death, and over the years


title: Leaves of Grass

text: his focus and ideas were not static. One critic has identified three major "thematic drifts" in "Leaves of Grass": the period from 1855 to 1859, from 1859 to 1865, and from 1866 to his death.


title: Leaves of Grass

text: In the first period, 1855 to 1859, his major work is "Song of Myself", which exemplifies his prevailing love for freedom. "Freedom in


title: Leaves of Grass

text: nature, nature which is perfect in time and place and freedom in expression, leading to the expression of love in its sensuous form." The second period, from 1859 to 1865, paints the picture of a more melancholic, sober poet. In poems like "Out of the Cradle Endlessly Rocking" and "When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd", the prevailing themes are of love and of death.


title: Leaves of Grass

text: From 1866 to his death, the ideas Whitman presented in his second period had experienced an evolution: his focus on death had grown to a focus on immortality, the major theme of this period. Whitman became more conservative in his old age, and had come to believe that the importance of law exceeded the importance of freedom. His materialistic view of the world became far more spiritual, believing that life had no meaning outside of the context of God's plan.


title: Leaves of Grass

text: When the book was first published, Walt Whitman was fired from his job at the Department of the Interior, after Secretary of the Interior James Harlan read it and said he found it offensive. An early review of the first publication focused on the persona of the anonymous poet, calling him a loafer "with a certain air of mild defiance, and an expression of pensive insolence on his face." Another reviewer viewed the work as an odd attempt at reviving old Transcendental thoughts, "the speculations of that school of thought which culminated at Boston fifteen or eighteen years ago." Emerson approved of the work in part because he considered it a means of reviving Transcendentalism, though even he urged Whitman to tone down the sexual imagery in 1860.


title: Leaves of Grass

text: Poet John Greenleaf Whittier was said to have thrown his 1855 edition into the fire. Thomas Wentworth Higginson wrote, "It is no discredit to Walt Whitman that he wrote "Leaves of Grass", only that he did not burn it afterwards." "The Saturday Press" printed a thrashing review that advised its author to commit suicide.


title: Leaves of Grass

text: Critic Rufus Wilmot Griswold reviewed "Leaves of Grass" in the November 10, 1855, issue of "The Criterion", calling it "a mass of stupid filth," and categorized its author as a filthy free lover. Griswold also suggested, in Latin, that Whitman was guilty of "that horrible sin not to be mentioned among Christians," one of the earliest public accusations of Whitman's homosexuality. Griswold's intensely negative review almost caused the publication of the second edition to be suspended. Whitman incorporated the full review, including the innuendo, in a later edition of "Leaves of Grass".


title: Leaves of Grass

text: Not all responses were negative, however. Critic William Michael Rossetti considered "Leaves of Grass" a classic along the lines of the works of William Shakespeare and Dante Alighieri. A woman from Connecticut named Susan Garnet Smith wrote to Whitman to profess her love for him after reading "Leaves of Grass" and even offered him her womb should he want a child. Although he found much of the language "reckless and indecent," critic and editor George Ripley believed "isolated portions" of "Leaves of Grass" radiated "vigor and quaint beauty."


title: Leaves of Grass

text: Whitman firmly believed he would be accepted and embraced by the populace, especially the working class. Years later, he regretted not having toured the country to deliver his poetry directly by lecturing:If I had gone directly to the people, read my poems, faced the crowds, got into immediate touch with Tom, Dick, and Harry instead of waiting to be interpreted, I'd have had my audience at once.


title: Leaves of Grass

text: On March 1, 1882, Boston district attorney Oliver Stevens wrote to Whitman's publisher, James R. Osgood, that "Leaves of Grass" constituted "obscene literature." Urged by the New England Society for the Suppression of Vice, his letter said: We are of the opinion that this book is such a book as brings it within the provisions of the Public Statutes respecting obscene literature and suggest the propriety of withdrawing the same from circulation and suppressing the editions thereof.Stevens demanded the removal of the poems "A Woman Waits for Me" and "To a Common Prostitute", as well as changes to "Song of Myself", "From Pent-Up Aching Rivers", "I Sing the Body Electric", "Spontaneous Me", "Native Moments", "The Dalliance of the Eagles", "By Blue Ontario's Shore", "Unfolded Out of the Folds", "The Sleepers", and "Faces".


title: Leaves of Grass

text: Whitman rejected the censorship, writing to Osgood, "The list whole & several is rejected by me, & will not be thought of under any circumstances." Osgood refused to republish the book and returned the plates to Whitman when suggested changes and deletions were ignored. The poet found a new publisher, Rees Welsh & Company, which released a new edition of the book in 1882. Whitman believed the controversy would increase sales, which proved true. Its banning in Boston, for example, became a major scandal and it generated much publicity for Whitman and his work. Though it was also banned by retailers like Wanamaker's in Philadelphia, this version went through five editions of 1,000 copies each. Its first printing, released on July 18, sold out in a day.


title: Leaves of Grass

text: Its status as one of the more important collections of American poetry has meant that over time various groups and movements have used "Leaves of Grass", and Whitman's work in general, to advance their own political and social purposes. For example:


title: Leaves of Grass

text: Nevertheless, Whitman has been criticized for the nationalism expressed in "Leaves of Grass" and other works. In a 2009 essay regarding Whitman's nationalism in the first edition, Nathanael O'Reilly claims that "Whitman's imagined America is arrogant, expansionist, hierarchical, racist and exclusive; such an America is unacceptable to Native Americans, African-Americans, immigrants, the disabled, the infertile, and all those who value equal rights."


title: The Humans (film)

text: The Humans is a 2021 American psychological drama film written and directed by Stephen Karam in his feature directorial debut, and based on his one-act play of the same name. It stars Richard Jenkins, Jayne Houdyshell, Amy Schumer, Beanie Feldstein, Steven Yeun and June Squibb. It had its world premiere at the 2021 Toronto International Film Festival on September 12, 2021. The film was released by A24 on November 24, 2021, both in theaters and on Showtime.


title: The Humans (film)

text: On Thanksgiving, Erik and Deirdre Blake, their daughter Aimee, and Erik's senile mother, Momo, visit their other daughter, Brigid, at her new apartment that she shares with her partner, Richard. Erik is immediately disapproving of the apartment, as it is run-down, in a flood risk zone, and close to Ground Zero. He has lingering trauma from 9/11: he had driven Aimee to a job interview on that day, and had planned to visit the observation deck of the Twin Towers, but had waited across the street as the deck had not yet opened for the morning. He has also been haunted by memories of seeing a deceased victim who resembled Aimee.


title: The Humans (film)

text: As the evening wears on, tension and unhappiness in the family is evident. Brigid is openly resentful that her parents have not given her money to afford a better lifestyle, and privately wounded that her dreams of being a composer have not come into fruition; she has been rejected multiple times and struggles to find employment. Both she and her partner face Deirdre's disapproval that they are not yet married. Richard has struggled with depression and is treading water in his personal life and career, as he will be a recipient of a trust fund that he will not receive until he is 40, five years from now. Aimee suffers from a chronic illness, recently lost both her job and her longtime girlfriend, and will need to get her colon removed. Deirdre suffers from her own health problems and is on the receiving end of mockery from the rest of the family due to her religious attitude, and Erik, already depressed over Momo's condition, clashes with Brigid by judging her work ethic and new-age, urbanite lifestyle. There is a brief respite when Deirdre reads the daughter a letter that Momo wrote when still lucid, apologizing for her deterioration and assuring them that she will always love them, and to not get so worked up over life's problems.


title: The Humans (film)

text: The family eventually begins talking about their dreams and nightmares. Richard is open and honest about his own, but Erik is reserved about revealing his own. Eventually, he confesses that he suffers from nightmares about a faceless woman, implied to be reflective of his 9/11 trauma. The rest of the family teases him about the faceless woman, much to his discomfort. After dinner is over, the power goes out, plunging the apartment into darkness. Brigid and Aimee assure their parents that they can enjoy a relaxing vacation at the family's beloved lake house, only for Deirdre to admit that they had to sell it in order to fund Momo's care. The daughters receive another bombshell: Erik was fired from his longtime job as a janitor of a Catholic school and had his pension revoked, after he was found to be having an affair with one of the teachers at the school. Despite Erik's assurance that he and Deirdre received counseling and have moved past his infidelity, the daughters are appalled and disillusioned with their father.


title: The Humans (film)

text: As Thanksgiving ends, the visiting family members depart for a hotel. As the rest help Momo get into the taxi, Erik lingers behind in the apartment, attempting to fix the power outage; however, he becomes disoriented and suffers a panic attack in the darkness, leaving him whimpering and praying. He only comes to his senses when Brigid re-enters the apartment to collect him, and they leave together.


title: The Humans (film)

text: A24, IAC, Scott Rudin and Eli Bush made a deal in March 2019 with Stephen Karam to adapt his play into a feature-length film. Jayne Houdyshell was set to reprise her role from the Broadway production in the film, with Beanie Feldstein, Richard Jenkins, Amy Schumer, and Steven Yeun also cast. In April 2021, Scott Rudin was removed as a producer on the film, following allegations of abuse.


title: The Humans (film)

text: "The Humans" premiered at the 2021 Toronto International Film Festival on September 12, 2021. The film screened at over 25 film festivals including Austin (Centerpiece screening), Indianapolis (Centerpiece screening), Nashville (Closing Night), Middleburg, San Diego, Philadelphia, Denver, and Savannah. The film was simultaneously released in theaters and aired on Showtime on November 24, 2021.


title: The Humans (film)

text: Metacritic assigned the film a weighted average score of 78 out of 100 based on 38 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".


title: The Humans (film)

text: The film landed on several 2021 Top 10 lists including "Vanity Fair", the Associated Press, "The Guardian", Vogue, "The Austin Chronicle", "RogerEbert.com", "The Hollywood Reporter", and Indiewire's list of top first feature films of 2021. The film was selected as a "Critic's Pick" from "The New York Times".


title: Eve Plumb

text: Eve Aline Plumb (born April 29, 1958) is an American actress, singer and painter. She is best known for portraying the middle daughter Jan Brady on the ABC sitcom "The Brady Bunch".


title: Eve Plumb

text: A native of Southern California, Plumb began appearing in commercials at age seven, and also had guest roles on the televisions series "Family Affair", "The Big Valley" and "The Virginian" between 1966 and 1967. She was cast as Jan Brady on "The Brady Bunch" in 1969, and portrayed the role until the series' end in 1974. After, Plumb continued to work in television, portraying a teenage prostitute in the NBC television film "" (1976), and as Elizabeth March in the 1978 miniseries "Little Women".


title: Eve Plumb

text: Plumb continued to reprise her role as Jan Brady in numerous reunion series and films, including "The Brady Brides" (1981) and "A Very Brady Christmas" (1988). She made her feature film debut with a minor role in "I'm Gonna Git You Sucka" (1988), and later appeared in Gregg Araki's black comedy "Nowhere" (1997). In 2010, Plumb made her New York stage debut in "Miss Abigail's Guide to Dating, Mating and Marriage", followed by stage productions of Nora Ephron's "Love, Loss, and What I Wore", and "Same Time, Next Year". She subsequently had a supporting role in the critically acclaimed thriller "Blue Ruin" (2013).


title: Eve Plumb

text: Plumb was born in Burbank, California, to Flora June (née Dobry) and Neely Ben Plumb. She has one sister, Flora, and a brother, Ben.


title: Eve Plumb

text: Plumb began her acting career in TV commercials in 1966. The following year, she appeared on "The Virginian", "The Big Valley" and "Lassie". (She was also cast as "Bonnie Braids" in a TV pilot version of the comic strip Dick Tracy, but does not actually appear in the program itself, only in the opening credits.) In 1968, she appeared on "It Takes a Thief" and "Family Affair"; in the latter, she played a terminally ill girl on the episode "Christmas Came A Little Early". In 1969, she appeared on an episode of "Gunsmoke".


title: Eve Plumb

text: From 1969 to 1974, Plumb appeared as middle sister Jan Brady in the ABC sitcom "The Brady Bunch". Her featured storylines included Jan's embarrassment over not having a boyfriend, concerns about her future appearance, being a middle child, and her insecurity over wearing glasses. Several episodes centered on Jan's jealousy of older sister Marcia, resulting in the famous whiny-complaint catchphrase "Marcia, Marcia, Marcia!", that has arguably become the quintessential quote of the series. Plumb also supplied the voice of Jan in the ABC Saturday morning cartoon "The Brady Kids" from 1972 to 1973. After "The Brady Bunch" was canceled in 1974, it went on to even greater success in syndicated reruns. The sitcom has never left the television airwaves and eventually spawned numerous spin-offs, reunion specials, feature films, and parodies.


title: Eve Plumb

text: Several episodes of the sitcom featured the Brady kids singing and as a result, Plumb and the rest of the younger cast recorded several albums. Plumb would also provide a monologue for the Pat Williams Orchestra's 1974 recording of "California Love Story". The single was co-produced by Plumb's recording executive father, Neely Plumb.


title: Eve Plumb

text: After "The Brady Bunch" ended, Plumb's first notable role was that of a teenage prostitute in the NBC television movie "" (1976). She also appeared in the sequel "" (1977). Plumb starred as "Beth" in NBC productions of "Little Women" (1978), both a television movie and a short-lived series. Plumb also made numerous guest-starring appearances in such series as "Here's Lucy", "The Love Boat", "Fantasy Island", "Wonder Woman", "One Day at a Time", "The Facts of Life", "Murder, She Wrote", "The Super Mario Bros. Super Show!", "" and "All My Children". She appeared in the episode "The Force of Evil" from the 1977 series "Quinn Martin's Tales of the Unexpected" (known in the United Kingdom as "Twist in the Tale").


title: Eve Plumb

text: Plumb was the only original cast member who declined to reunite for the 1976–77 variety show "The Brady Bunch Hour" on ABC. Much was made of her absence, including accusations that she no longer wanted to be associated with the Bradys. Plumb has stated in interviews that she was willing to do the variety show's original special episode, but could not commit to a five-year option for additional shows. Her role would be filled by Geri Reischl, who went on to be known among "Brady Bunch" fans as "fake Jan".


title: Eve Plumb

text: Plumb returned to the "Jan" role for the NBC TV movie "The Brady Girls Get Married" (1981), which led to "The Brady Brides", a short-lived sitcom in which she co-starred with Maureen McCormick, who played Marcia Brady. She also appeared in the CBS television movie "A Very Brady Christmas" (1988) and its 1990 spin-off dramedy series, "The Bradys". To promote their latest incarnation, the cast appeared on an episode of "Sally Jessy Raphael", which is remembered for having been shot outdoors in Florida during a rainstorm.


title: Eve Plumb

text: In 1993, Plumb had a brief role as Mrs. Noah in the B-Movie mockumentary "...And God Spoke". Two years later she was interviewed as part of a 1995 retrospective special titled "Brady Bunch Home Movies", produced by Susan Olsen, who played Cindy Brady. That same year, Plumb appeared on a special "child stars" installment of "The Jenny Jones Show". From 1995 to 1997, Plumb was a member of the cast of the Saturday morning sitcom "Fudge", playing the title character's mother, Mrs. Anne Hatcher. The show aired on ABC in its first season and moved to CBS for its second season. To promote the series, Plumb appeared on "The Jon Stewart Show". Plumb also appeared in the movie "Fudge-a-Mania" (1997). In 1996, she reminisced about her Brady years on "The Rosie O'Donnell Show" and on the "E True Hollywood Story: The Brady Bunch". In 1998, Plumb was the original Pam Burkhart on "That '70s Show" (only seen in episode 6, "The Keg").


title: Eve Plumb

text: In 2001, Plumb appeared on a special Brady-themed edition of the NBC game show "The Weakest Link". In 2004, she was part of the TV Land production "". Plumb appeared on the December 18, 2006 premiere episode of the NBC game show "Identity".


title: Eve Plumb

text: In 2007, Plumb was the only surviving cast member who was not on hand when TV Land honored "The Brady Bunch" with its Pop Culture Award. In 2008, she appeared on a special "Brady"-themed week of the syndicated game show "", hosted by Christopher Knight, who played Peter Brady. Also in 2008, Plumb was a guest on "The Florence Henderson Show" on RLTV, hosted by her former TV mother.


title: Eve Plumb

text: Plumb appeared in several made-for-television movies, including "The House on Greenapple Road" (1970), "The Force of Evil" (1977), "Telethon" (1977), "Secrets of Three Hungry Wives" (1978), "The Night the Bridge Fell Down" (1983) and "Yesterday Today" (1992). Her film credits include "I'm Gonna Git You Sucka" (1988), "... And God Spoke" (1993), "Nowhere" (1997), "Breast Men" (1997) and "Manfast" (2003). In August 2008, Plumb appeared on the NBC daytime soap opera "Days of Our Lives".


title: Eve Plumb

text: In 2010, Plumb originated the title character in the New York production of "Miss Abigail's Guide to Dating, Mating and Marriage", inspired by a book and website of the same name. The role was her first New York stage role. She was next seen on the New York stage when she starred in Nora Ephron and Delia Ephron's award-winning "Love, Loss, and What I Wore", and she co-starred in "Same Time, Next Year" with Broadway's John Bolton at the Surflight Theater in Beach Haven, New Jersey. In July–October 2013, Plumb portrayed Aunt June in the off-Broadway play "Unbroken Circle" by James Wesley.


title: Eve Plumb

text: In 2013, she had a guest-starring role on "" as Angela Brooks in the episode "Monster's Legacy" and a guest-starring role on "Army Wives" as Reba Green in the episode "Damaged". Also in 2013, she had a small part in the film "Blue Ruin". In January 2016, Plumb reprised the role of shop teacher Mrs. Murdoch (originally played by Alice Ghostley in the 1978 movie "Grease") in Fox's production of "Grease Live". In July 2016, Plumb attended the Democratic National Convention as a member of "Broadway at the DNC" and was part of an ensemble of Broadway stars who sang a rendition of "What the World Needs Now Is Love". In 2019, Plumb reunited with her television siblings from "The Brady Bunch" for the HGTV series, "A Very Brady Renovation".


title: Eve Plumb

text: Plumb has been painting for more than two decades and has enjoyed success at select galleries across the United States.


title: Eve Plumb

text: Plumb was the first of the Brady siblings to get married. She first tied the knot with Rick Mansfield in 1979. The marriage ended in divorce less than two years later. Plumb has been married to Ken Pace, a business and technology consultant, since 1995.


title: Eve Plumb

text: As of 2010, she resided in Laguna Beach, California, and served on the city's Design Review Board. Around 2010, Plumb purchased a residence in Manhattan, and had made New York City her primary residence as of 2019, though she divides her time between there and Los Angeles.


title: Eve Plumb

text: In 2016, she sold the Malibu home that she had purchased at the age of 11 in 1969. She bought the 1950s beach bungalow for $55,000 and sold it for $3.9 million.


title: Manny Machado

text: Manuel Arturo Machado (; born July 6, 1992) is an American professional baseball third baseman and shortstop for the San Diego Padres of Major League Baseball (MLB). Very highly recruited from an early age, he was raised in Miami, where he attended Brito High School and was drafted by the Baltimore Orioles with the third overall pick in the 2010 MLB draft. He bats and throws right-handed.


title: Manny Machado

text: Machado made his MLB debut in August 2012. Machado had his breakout year in 2013, earning a spot on the American League (AL) All-Star team on his way to leading the league in doubles with 51. He was also recognized as one of the best fielders in the game, winning a Gold Glove Award. Machado won his second Gold Glove in 2015, and made the All-Star Game in 2015, 2016, 2018, and 2022. His defensive prowess has earned him frequent comparisons to former Orioles third baseman and Hall of Famer Brooks Robinson. In 2018, an impending free agent, Machado was traded to the Los Angeles Dodgers and helped the team reach the World Series. That offseason, Machado signed a 10-year, $300 million contract with the Padres, the richest contract in the history of North American sports at the time.


title: Manny Machado

text: Machado was born and raised in Miami, Florida. He was raised by his mother, Rosa Machado, his grandfather, Francisco Nunez, and his uncle, Geovanny Brito. He is of Dominican heritage. Machado grew up in Hialeah alongside Cincinnati Reds outfielder Albert Almora, and while they are not related by blood they consider each other to be cousins.


title: Manny Machado

text: Machado attended Brito Miami Private School in Miami, and committed to attend Florida International University. He grew up a fan of the Miami Marlins.


title: Manny Machado

text: Machado was selected third overall in the 2010 MLB draft by the Baltimore Orioles. He was the second high school player drafted, as well as the second position player. He signed a $5.25 million contract, just minutes before the deadline on August 16, 2010. While his agent Scott Boras was negotiating his contract, Machado spent the summer of 2010 playing for USA Baseball's 18-and-under national team.<ref name="News/Notes"></ref> Machado was introduced by the Orioles in mid-September when the Orioles hosted the New York Yankees.


title: Manny Machado

text: On August 22, Machado reported to the Orioles minor league complex to join the Gulf Coast League Orioles. Machado made his professional debut with the Gulf Coast League Orioles on August 27, 2010, where he went 0-for-3 with a strikeout. He played as the designated hitter. Machado hit his first professional home run in his second game with the Orioles. Machado made his debut with the Low-A Aberdeen IronBirds of the New York–Penn League on August 30, 2010 where he went 1-for-3 with a single. He played shortstop, instead of being the DH, as he did with the Orioles, and he was pulled after the fifth inning. Machado began the 2011 season with the Delmarva Shorebirds, playing shortstop. He hit five home runs before May 1, and was named the South Atlantic League player of the week for April 25 – May 1. After missing several weeks with a knee injury, he returned to play 10 more games and appear in the SAL All-Star Game on June 21, 2011. After the game, he was promoted to the High-A Frederick Keys. He was named to appear in the 2012 All-Star Futures Game.


title: Manny Machado

text: The Orioles promoted Machado to MLB from the Double-A Bowie Baysox on August 9, against the Kansas City Royals. He started at third base, as the team already had J. J. Hardy at shortstop. The following day, against the same opponent, he hit his first and second career home runs, making him the youngest Oriole and 12th youngest player in major league history to have a multi-homer game. The two home runs were both off former number-one overall draft choice Luke Hochevar. He then hit his third career home run on August 12 off Bruce Chen. In Game 3 of the 2012 ALDS, Machado hit his first career postseason home run. The Orioles lost the division series to the New York Yankees in five games.


title: Manny Machado

text: Machado finished his rookie season having played in all 51 of the remaining Oriole games. In 202 plate appearances, he hit .262 with eight doubles, three triples, 7 home runs, 26 RBI, and two steals in as many attempts. He collected 50 hits and scored 24 runs.


title: Manny Machado

text: Machado had three hits on May 27, giving him 40 multi-hit games in his career, tying Ty Cobb for the major league record for the most multi-hit games before age 21 in history; on May 30, he went 2-for-3 to break Cobb's record. Machado's 44 hits in May 2013 were the second-most in a month by a player under 21 behind Mickey Mantle's 46 in July 1952. At the end of May, Machado led the major leagues with 25 doubles and was tied for the MLB lead in hits (79) with reigning AL MVP Miguel Cabrera. Exactly halfway through the season, Machado got his 37th double, putting him on pace to break the single-season record (67) in his first full season.


title: Manny Machado

text: On June 27, 2013, Machado argued a correctly ruled strike-three call, leading to his first career MLB ejection. Coincidentally, this was also the first career MLB ejection for the umpire who threw him out, Will Little.


title: Manny Machado

text: Machado suffered a left knee injury when reaching first base after a hit on September 23, 2013. Machado received immediate medical attention and left the game on a stretcher. The injury also ended his consecutive games played streak at 207. Machado was ruled out for the rest of the 2013 season. He finished the year hitting .283/.314/.432 with 14 home runs, 71 RBI and 51 doubles. He led the American League in doubles, at-bats (667) and fielding percentage at third base (.973).


title: Manny Machado

text: On October 10, Machado opted to have reconstructive surgery performed on his knee to reduce the chance of future dislocations. The surgery would sideline him for 4–6 months, but he was still expected to return sometime around Opening Day.


title: Manny Machado

text: On October 29, Machado won the Gold Glove Award at third base, the first by an Oriole third baseman since Brooks Robinson's 16-year run from 1960 to 1975. On November 8 of the same year, Machado won the AL Platinum Glove Award.


title: Manny Machado

text: On April 29, 2014, he was removed from the disabled list after knee surgery recovery and on May 1, he was greeted by a standing ovation from the hometown Baltimore fans prior to the first game of a doubleheader sweep against the Pittsburgh Pirates. On June 1, 2014, Machado hit his 1st career grand slam in a 9-4 Orioles victory over the Houston Astros.


title: Manny Machado

text: On June 6, 2014, Machado was running to third base on a ground ball when he was tagged by Oakland Athletics third baseman Josh Donaldson. This incident led to a bench-clearing brawl. On June 8, 2014, Machado struck Athletics catcher Derek Norris with his bat during the follow-through of his swing. Norris was taken out of the game as a result. In the 8th inning, Machado threw his bat in the direction of third base in response to two consecutive inside pitches thrown by Oakland reliever Fernando Abad. The umpires determined that the bat was meant for Abad, and both Abad and Machado were ejected from the game. The next day, Machado issued a formal apology to his teammates and Oakland. On June 10, Machado was fined and suspended five games for his actions. After losing an appeal, Machado began serving his suspension on June 30.


title: Manny Machado

text: On August 11, Machado injured his right knee while batting in a home game against the New York Yankees. Although originally describing it as a sprain, ten days later the Orioles announced that the injury required surgery and that Machado was out for the season.


title: Manny Machado

text: Machado started the 2015 season healthy. By June 18, he had already tied his career high for home runs, which was 14 in 2013. He was named to the American League roster for the 2015 MLB All-Star Game and was selected as a participant for the 2015 Home Run Derby. Machado hit two home runs and stole two bases against the Toronto Blue Jays on October 1, becoming only the 16th player—and first Oriole—to have a multi-homer, multi-steal game since 1901. He became the seventh Oriole to have 20 home runs and 20 stolen bases in a season.


title: Manny Machado

text: Machado was the only major league player to appear in all 162 games in 2015. He batted .286 after collecting 181 hits, along with 35 home runs, 86 RBIs, and 20 steals. He led the American League in power-speed number (25.5). He made 21 errors, fifth-most of all players in the AL and second-most of all AL third basemen. He finished fourth in the American League in MVP voting and won his second career Rawlings Gold Glove for his outstanding defensive play at third. Machado set career-high numbers in games played (162), runs scored, home runs, RBIs, walks, steals, batting average, on-base percentage, slugging percentage, on-base plus slugging, and Wins Above Replacement.


title: Manny Machado

text: Machado hit safely in the first ten games of the season. On April 23, Machado extended his hit streak to 16 games, a new career-best. Machado's hit streak peaked at 16 games before ending. During the hot streak, Machado went 27-for-68 while slashing .397/.446/.779, while hitting six home runs and driving in 11. On April 28, he hit his second career grand slam and drove in a career-high five runs in a 10–2 victory over the Chicago White Sox. Machado was named AL Player of the Month for April, after going 33-for-96 (.344), hitting ten doubles, seven home runs, driving in 17 runs, while slugging .667 with a .394 on-base percentage.


title: Manny Machado

text: Machado set a new career-high for RBIs on May 8 against the A's, when he hit two home runs (including his second grand slam of the year), while driving in six in an 11–3 victory.


title: Manny Machado

text: On June 7, Machado charged the mound against Kansas City Royals' pitcher Yordano Ventura, punching Ventura in the face and igniting a benches-clearing brawl. Machado charged the mound after Ventura hit Machado with a first-pitch, 99-mph fastball in the back. Both players were ejected. On June 9, Machado received a four-game suspension for the incident, which he was initially going to appeal, in the end deciding not to. The suspension was served June 19–22, 2016. In his first game back, Machado went 2-for-4 and hit a home run.


title: Manny Machado

text: Machado slashed .318/.375/.569 with a .944 OPS, 19 home runs and 53 RBIs before the All-Star break. He collected 109 hits and was named to his third career All-Star game, and his first ASG start. Manny went 0-for-3 in the ASG.


title: Manny Machado

text: He was the second player in MLB history to hit a home run in each of the first three innings of a game in a 10–2 victory over the White Sox at U.S. Cellular Field on August 7. The feat was previously accomplished by the White Sox's Carl Reynolds in a 15–4 win which was the nightcap of a doubleheader at Yankee Stadium on July 2, 1930. Machado was actually the first to hit all three that cleared the fence; two of Reynolds' were inside the park. The three homers within the first three innings of a contest were achieved for the first time since the Seattle Mariners' Mike Cameron did it in the same ballpark in a 15–4 win on May 2, 2002. Machado was also the ninth player to homer in three consecutive innings at any point during a match and the first Oriole to hit three in a game since Chris Davis in a 9–2 victory over the Pittsburgh Pirates at PNC Park on May 20, 2014.


title: Manny Machado

text: On August 26, Machado hit his 30th and 31st home runs of the season, becoming the third Oriole on the year to hit 30 home runs (Mark Trumbo & Chris Davis). The three became the first trio of Orioles to hit 30+ homers in a single season. It was also Machado's tenth homer of the month, making him, Trumbo and Davis the first trio of Orioles with 10 or more home runs in a month. On August 30, Machado hit his 100th career home run in a 5–3 win over the Toronto Blue Jays. He hit the homer in his 578th game, making him the third-fastest Oriole to hit 100 homers. He also became the youngest Oriole to hit his 100th home run (24 years, 55 days).


title: Manny Machado

text: Machado hit his MLB-leading third grand slam of the season on September 6 in an 11–2 win over the Rays. With the homer, he set a new career-high in the RBI column, surpassing his 86 from the previous season. It was also his 102nd career homer, tying him with teammate JJ Hardy for 25th on the all-time Orioles home run list. He became the youngest Oriole ever to have three grand slams in the same season. He also tied the MLB record for most grand slams in a season age 24 or younger. Manny had five RBIs in the game, and joined the likes of Miguel Tejada and Jim Gentile as the only Orioles players with four five-RBI games in the same season. On September 18, Machado surpassed his previous season-high in home runs, hitting his 36th, against the Tampa Bay Rays. Machado ended his regular season having played in 157 games, slashing .294/.343/.533 while hitting a career-high 37 home runs and driving in a career-high 96 runs. He recorded career highs in runs scored, strikeouts, batting average, slugging percentage, OPS, and total bases.


title: Manny Machado

text: On January 13, Machado and the Orioles avoided arbitration by agreeing to a $11.5 million deal for the 2017 season. On April 16, Machado hit his second home run of the season and moved into a tie for 26th on the Orioles all-time list with 107. On April 28, 2017, Machado hit a home run off CC Sabathia that bounced off the facade of the deck above Monument Park in straightaway center field, measuring 470 feet. Although the Orioles led 9–1, they lost 11–14 in 10 innings.


title: Manny Machado

text: On April 21, Machado became the center of controversy surrounding his slide that injured Dustin Pedroia and sidelined the latter for three games. Machado maintained that the allegedly late slide was unintentional, and contacted Pedroia after the game. Nevertheless, two days later, Red Sox pitcher Eduardo Rodriguez appeared to intentionally throw at Machado's knees, missing each time. A few innings later, a pitch from reliever Matt Barnes narrowly missed Machado's head and hit his bat. Barnes was ejected and received a 4-game suspension. Barnes denied the near-miss was intentional: “That’s kind of a line you don’t cross...fortunately, it didn’t hit him, but I think he’s got every right to be mad that that one got loose.” A week later, on May 2, Machado dodged a pitch from Red Sox pitcher Chris Sale that ended up missing behind him. Machado expressed his displeasure with how the MLB had handled the situation after the game in a profanity-laced interview: “If you’re going to f—ing hit me, hit me, go ahead. Don’t let the s— keep f—ing lingering around and keep trying to f—ing hit people...It’s f—ing bulls—, and MLB should do something about it. F—ing pitchers out there with f—ing balls in their hands throwing 100 miles per hour, trying to hit people. I’ve got a f—ing bat too. I could go up there and crush somebody if I wanted to, but you know what? I’ll get suspended for a year and the pitcher only gets suspended for two games. That’s not cool.”


title: Manny Machado

text: On May 10, Machado became the first Oriole in franchise history to collect 270 extra-base hits before turning 25 – only the 30th player in MLB history to do so.


title: Manny Machado

text: On August 7, Machado hit a game-winning grand slam against the Angels in the seventh inning. A week later he hit his second grand slam of the season. Four days later, Machado hit a walk-off grand slam against the Angels, his third home run of the game and his seventh career grand slam. It was also his second career three-homer game, joining Chris Davis, Goose Goslin, Eddie Murray and Boog Powell as the only Orioles in franchise history with multiple three-homer games. He also became the first Orioles player to record multiple 3-grand slam seasons, and just the second player in recorded MLB history with back-to-back seasons of three or more grand slams. On August 23, he hit a walk-off solo home run, the fourth of his career. In all, Machado hit three walk-off home runs in 2017, the most by any MLB player that season.


title: Manny Machado

text: Machado won AL Player of the Month in August, slashing .341/.348/.690 with an OPS of 1.038. He hit 12 homers, six doubles and one triple, while driving in 35 runs and scoring 23 times.


title: Manny Machado

text: Despite a poor first half, Machado finished his season strong in the second half, ending the year having slashed .259/.310/.471 with 33 doubles, 33 home runs, 95 RBI and nine stolen bases. He made 14 errors, second-most among all AL third basemen. He was also a finalist for Rawlings Gold Glove award, losing out to fellow-AL East third baseman Evan Longoria.


title: Manny Machado

text: For 2018, Machado was moved back to shortstop, his natural position. Batting .313 with 21 home runs and 60 RBIs, Machado was named the starting shortstop for the 2018 MLB All-Star Game.


title: Manny Machado

text: On July 18, 2018, Machado was traded to the Los Angeles Dodgers for Yusniel Diaz, Dean Kremer, Rylan Bannon, Breyvic Valera and Zach Pop. Unable to use his No. 13 uniform number in Los Angeles since it was already worn by infielder Max Muncy, Machado chose uniform No. 8 because he was a Kobe Bryant fan growing up. He debuted as a Dodger on July 20 against the Milwaukee Brewers and had two singles and two walks. He recorded his 1,000th career hit on August 9, off Tyler Anderson of the Colorado Rockies. In 66 games with the Dodgers, Machado finished with a .273 batting average, 13 home runs, and 42 RBI. Overall in 2018, combined with both teams, Machado played 162 games with a .297 average, 35 doubles, 37 home runs, and 103 RBI.


title: Manny Machado

text: After defeating the Rockies 5–2 in a tiebreaker, the Dodgers clinched the NL West pennant. Machado was fined an undisclosed amount for the way he ran into first base in Game 4 of the National League Championship Series against the Brewers. Machado intentionally caught the foot of Brewers' first baseman Jesus Aguilar with his own, which prompted the benches to clear. Machado was the final out of the 2018 World Series, striking out against Chris Sale to end game five. He hit just .182 in the series with no extra-base hits.


title: Manny Machado

text: Machado signed a 10-year, $300 million contract with the San Diego Padres on February 21, 2019. It was the largest free-agent contract in American sports history until Bryce Harper signed a 13-year, $330 million contract with the Philadelphia Phillies two weeks later.


title: Manny Machado

text: In his first year in San Diego, Machado hit .256/.334/.462 with 32 home runs and 85 RBIs and led the majors with 24 double plays grounded into.


title: Manny Machado

text: In Machado's second year with the Padres, which was shortened to 60 games due to the COVID-19 pandemic, he hit .304/.370/.580 while finishing third in the National League with 16 home runs and 47 RBIs. He also led all qualifying third basemen with a .987 fielding percentage. He finished third in NL MVP voting, behind Freddie Freeman and Mookie Betts.


title: Manny Machado

text: Machado was named to the 2021 MLB All-Star Game after Ronald Acuña Jr. suffered a torn ACL. Machado finished the 2021 season batting .278/.347/.489 with 28 home runs and 106 RBIs. He led the National League with 11 sacrifice flies.


title: Manny Machado

text: In 2009, he played for the 18U United States team in the COPABE Pan Am "AAA" Championship. They finished 8–0, won the gold medal, and qualified for the 2010 World Junior Baseball Championship.


title: Manny Machado

text: Machado played for the Dominican Republic in the 2017 World Baseball Classic, where he was nicknamed ""El Ministro de la Defensa"" for his defense. He was named the most valuable player in the first round's Pool C, in which he batted .357.


title: Manny Machado

text: The Dominican team lost to the US in Pool F, failing to advance to the championship round. Machado slashed .269/.321/.462 in six games while hitting a pair of doubles and a home run.


title: Manny Machado

text: Though born in Florida, Machado decided to play for Dominican Republic because of his strong family heritage, including his grandfather who grew up in La Vega, Dominican Republic. He expressed his decision as: “There was no way I could pass on representing the Dominican Republic in the WBC. It’s in my blood. I’m doing it for my mother. I’m doing it for my uncle. I’m doing it for everybody who has supported me in my career.


title: Manny Machado

text: Honestly, if he were here to watch me play in the WBC, I don’t think he would have any words to describe how it would make him feel. Which would be O.K., because whether he’s here or not, the only word that will matter when I put that jersey on will be the country on the front: Dominicana.”


title: Manny Machado

text: Keith Law, a writer for ESPN.com and the lead baseball analyst for Scouts, Inc., said in 2010 that if Machado stayed at shortstop, "you have a potential All-Star offensively who is no worse than average with the glove". In the middle of his first full MLB season (2013), Fangraphs evaluated Machado as the best third baseman in baseball, by a wide margin. Machado has been compared to New York Yankees third baseman, Alex Rodriguez, whom he considers his mentor. Machado said "it's a great honor" to be compared to Rodriguez, but he doesn't compare himself to anyone. Orioles Hall of Famer Jim Palmer compared Machado to another large-framed shortstop/third baseman: "He reminds me of how I think Cal (Ripken) would have been if he had played third base his entire career."


title: Manny Machado

text: In November 2014, Machado married his longtime girlfriend Yainee Alonso, the sister of Yonder Alonso. In the offseason, they reside in Coral Gables, Florida, and own two homes there. During the season, he resides in Coronado, California. He has a dog named Kobe, as he was a huge fan of basketball player Kobe Bryant while growing up.


title: Bikini waxing

text: Bikini waxing is the removal of pubic hair using a special wax, which can be hot or cold, that adheres to hairs and pulls them out when the wax is removed quickly from the skin, usually with a cloth strip. While the practice is mainly associated with women, male waxing is sometimes done to remove men's pubic hair.


title: Bikini waxing

text: A bikini line is the area of the upper leg and inner thigh in which pubic hair grows that is normally not covered by the bottom part of a swimsuit. In some cultures, visible pubic hair in this region is disliked and/or considered embarrassing and so it is sometimes removed. However, some people remove pubic hair that will not be exposed for aesthetics, personal grooming, hygiene, culture, religion, fashion and for sexual intercourse.


title: Bikini waxing

text: Pubic hair can be removed in a number of ways, such as waxing, shaving, sugaring, electrolysis, laser hair removal or with chemical depilatory creams. Waxing involves applying melted, usually hot, wax to the pubic hair that an individual would like to remove. The wax, which adheres to the hair as it hardens, is then covered with small strips of cloth. When the wax hardens sufficiently, the cloth is pulled off quickly, removing the hair from its roots as the wax is pulled away. Waxing can be performed on oneself privately using a home kit or by a cosmetologist at a salon or spa.


title: Bikini waxing

text: If a person has never been waxed before, or has not been waxed for a long time, it may be necessary to trim the pubic hair using scissors or an electric razor prior to waxing. A patch test is recommended, usually on the upper thigh, to test for allergies or skin sensitivities to the ingredients in the wax. Sometimes a hair growth inhibitor is applied after waxing, which slows the regrowth of hair if applied daily for an extended period of time.


title: Bikini waxing

text: It is common to apply an antiseptic cleaner and powder to the area prior to waxing. Wax is applied with a spatula in the direction of hair growth the size of a strip about wide and long. When the wax is set but still pliable, the wax strips are pulled away against the direction of hair growth while keeping the skin taut. The strip is ideally pulled off as swiftly as possible.


title: Bikini waxing

text: The pubic area is one of the most sensitive areas in the body and during the procedure special attention must be paid to avoid irritation. Pain directly resulting from the procedure can be slight or severe and can continue from several seconds to several minutes. Some people experience less pain during subsequent treatments. It can be helpful to take a mild anti-inflammatory medication (such as ibuprofen) an hour or so before waxing to reduce potential pain from the waxing. Products such as topical anesthetics are available to lessen the pain involved. A bikini wax during pregnancy is generally more painful, due to increased sensitivity. The type of wax used for bikini lines is often made from a mixture of beeswax and tall oil rather than the more common synthetic waxes used for waxing regular leg hair. Beeswax is considered stronger and more effective at removing the thicker and coarser pubic hair.


title: Bikini waxing

text: Sometimes bumps or in-grown hair can result from waxing. Isolated hairs can be removed with tweezers or electrolysis. Discomfort following the procedure generally lasts two to five days or less. Application of egg oil for a few days post-waxing can help moisturize the skin and reduce inflammation, pain or growth of bacteria. With repeated removal over time, pubic hair becomes weaker and grows more slowly, leading to easier removal with less pain and less frequent waxing.


title: Bikini waxing

text: Some people modify their pubic hair either to fit in with societal trends or simply as an expression of their own style or lifestyle, while others object to any styling or do not practice it because of cost considerations.


title: Bikini waxing

text: "Natural" (also known as "au natural" or "bush") refers to pubic hair that has not been removed, trimmed or styled at all. "Trimmed" or "cut" refers to pubic hair that has been shortened, but not completely removed other than shaving the inner thighs. Some women trim, but keep hair on their labia, while removing the pubic hair on the mons pubis. Pubic hair may be styled into several basic styles which are often referred to by different names. Salons often use their own unique names for common types of waxing, for example referring to a Brazilian with a "landing strip" as a "Mohican" or a "Hollywood" as "Full Monty".


title: Bikini waxing

text: "American waxing" is the removal of only the pubic hair that would not be covered by a swimsuit. For a bikini, it would be hair at the top of the thighs and under the navel. It is also known as a "basic bikini wax", "triangle", or "bikini line", as it involves waxing hair from the sides to form a triangle so that pubic hair cannot be seen while wearing a swimsuit. Bikini bottoms or underwear are usually worn while getting an American wax. A normal American waxing job takes about 20 to 30 minutes to complete.


title: Bikini waxing

text: "French waxing" (sometimes called a "landing strip" or a "partial Brazilian wax") leaves a vertical strip of pubic hair about wide and long just above the vulva. Hair around the anus area and labia may be removed. The landing strip wax has become popular with models who must wear garments especially narrow in the crotch region. To create the "landing strip" (a line of hair) practitioners and clients prefer either lying face up or lying face down. Sometimes hard wax is used, though strip wax works as effectively.


title: Bikini waxing

text: "Brazilian waxing" (or the "sphinx wax") is the removal of all pubic hair from the pelvic region, vulva, labia, perineum, and anus, while sometimes leaving a thin strip of hair on the mons pubis. It can be used by those who wear thong bikinis. Brazilian waxing is also known as a "full Brazilian wax", "full bikini wax", or the "Hollywood wax". This style was first called the Brazilian wax by the J. Sisters salon in Manhattan, founded in 1987 by seven sisters named Padilha from Brazil.


title: Bikini waxing

text: Brazilian waxing is more controversial than other types of waxing. Like all waxing, it can be a physically painful experience during and after waxing. Some believe it is more unpleasant to receive cunnilingus from a bearded partner after getting a Brazilian wax. Some critics of the procedure believe that Brazilian waxing can contribute to making an adult woman look underage, claiming that this may be one reason for its popularity in the sex industry. There is also a health risk involved if it is not done properly, as well as a risk of infection if done on a person with a weakened immune system.


title: Bikini waxing

text: In 2016, the Journal of the American Medical Association published a study in which it was found that out of 3,316 American women surveyed, 84% reported a history of lifetime pubic hair grooming, with 59% reporting that the primary motivations for grooming were for hygienic purposes.


title: Bikini waxing

text: Bikini waxing has been credited with a significant global reduction in cases of pubic lice. However, the medical community has also seen a recent increase in folliculitis, or infection around the hair follicle, in women who wax or shave their bikini areas.


title: Bikini waxing

text: In Islam, the removal of unwanted body hair is known as an act of "fitra". According to ethnologist F. Fawcett, writing in 1901, he had observed the removal of body hair, including pubic hair about the vulva, as a custom of women from the Hindu Nair caste. In Western societies, removal of female body hair (except for head hair, eyelashes and eyebrows) has traditionally been considered appropriate when it was visible.


title: Bikini waxing

text: In relation to pubic hair, with the reduction in the size of swimsuits, especially since the coming into fashion and popularity of the bikini since 1946, and the elimination of the skirt on swimsuits, the styling of pubic hair has also come into vogue. The practice to remove more pubic hair continued with the popularity or fashion of even briefer swimwear, such as the thong, which exposed the buttocks.


title: Bikini waxing

text: Changes in lingerie styles also encouraged the removal of pubic hair, and the nude crotchi.e., the total removal of pubic hair, such as in a full Brazilian or the Sphinx stylebecame considered by many to be erotic and glamorous. A nude crotch is considered by some to be more youthful looking. According to Tschachler, Devine and Draxlbauer, removal of all visible body hair has come to be seen as an important aspect of femininity.


title: Bimbisara (film)

text: Bimbisara is a 2022 Indian Telugu-language fantasy action film written and directed by debutant Mallidi Vassishta, and produced by N. T. R. Arts. It stars Nandamuri Kalyan Ram, Catherine Tresa, Samyuktha Menon and Prakash Raj. In the film, King Bimbisara of the Trigartala Empire from the 5th century BC lands in the modern-day world through time travel.


title: Bimbisara (film)

text: Principal photography of the film started in 2020 and ended in November 2021, with delays due to COVID-19 pandemic. Made on a budget of 40 crore, major part of the film was shot at Ramakrishna Studios in Hyderabad. The film is scored by M. M. Keeravani who composed the songs with Chirrantan Bhatt. "Bimbisara" was released on 5 August 2022 and received positive reviews from critics and became successful at the box office. The film had its digital premiere on ZEE5 on October 21, 2022.


title: Bimbisara (film)

text: In 500 BC, a wanderer and his companion are chased in a forest by a troop of soldiers. They all fall into a sinkhole that leads to a cave. When the wanderer is fighting off the soldiers, skeletons come out from mysterious mirrors and pull the soldiers into them. The wanderer breaks one of the mirrors to escape which liberates a demon from it. In gratitude, the demon gifts the wanderer a mirror that enables travel through time. In the present, Shastri with the help of sorcerer Kethu tries to open Bimbisara's treasure. However, Shastri is killed when he accidentally touches the treasure door to save his son. The son grows up to be Subramanya Shastri, an acclaimed doctor who desires to open the treasure and fulfill his father's wish.


title: Bimbisara (film)

text: In the past, Bimbisara of the Trigartala Empire is a ruthless king who rules with an iron fist. He conquers kingdoms at his will and has received several gifts including Sanjeevani which can revive the dead. Bimbisara plans to conquer the Asmaka Kingdom next. He kills the Asmaka king and imprisons princess Ira when they refuse to kneel. Bimbisara then receives the mirror from the cave which he likes and keeps it in his bedroom. One day, he attacks a pious village that defies his orders. He retrieves Dhanvantari, a book of medicine from them, and kills a girl and the priest who predict his downfall. Later, Bimbisara is attacked by his twin brother Devadutta (the wanderer) who pushes Bimbisara into the mirror and takes his place as the emperor.


title: Bimbisara (film)

text: Through the mirror, Bimbisara lands unconsciously in modern-day Hyderabad in 2022 inside a truck. The truck driver throws him out onto the road and leaves. Bimbisara wakes up but is perplexed by the modern-day world. He wanders in the city aimlessly, breaking into every mirror that he can find in the hope of returning to his world. He is taken to the police where SI Vyjayanthi and constable Prasadam try to use him to their advantage. Meanwhile, Kethu informs Shastri that Bimbisara has arrived, and they begin to search for him. Vyjayanthi and Bimbisara attend a conference where they find Vishwanandan Varma who claims to be a descendant of Bimbisara. They follow him to a place where Vishwanandan inaugurates Bimbisara's statue. A construction crane's beam is about to fall on Bimbisara, only to be saved by a girl, who is a look-alike of the girl whom he killed in the past.


title: Bimbisara (film)

text: Having a change of heart, Bimbisara befriends the girl and takes care of her. Shastri's men find him and kidnap the girl. Bimbisara thrashes them and rescues the girl, earning the trust of her grandfather Vishwanandan. Shastri then kills the girl's father and blackmails Bimbisara in arriving at the treasure's location. Shastri holds the girl's family as hostages and puts the girl on a deathbed. He demands Bimbisara to open the treasure and bring Dhanvantari to save the girl. A severe famine has gripped Trigartala. Devadutta reveals himself and decides to open the treasure. As the treasure door requires Bimbisara's handprint and voice to open, they start a Homam to circumvent it. Commander Bagheera decides to kill Devdutta and take over the kingdom.


title: Bimbisara (film)

text: Bimbisara's confidant Zubeda overhears it. He goes through the mirror in Bimbisara's room to find Bimbisara and lands at Salar Jung Museum. Bimbisara is unable to open the treasure due to the effect of Homam and Shastri gives him time until nightfall. Bimbisara prays to the goddess to give him a chance. Zubeda finds Bimbisara and tells him about Bagheera's treason. They travel back to the past together. Bagheera attacks Devadutta but Bimbisara arrives on time and kills Bagheera. The priest completes the Homam to open the door, though it destines for Bimbisara's death. Bimbisara hands over Dhanvantari and his kingdom to Devadutta and returns to the present to save the girl. Shastri is furious to see Bimbisara returning empty-handed. His men attack him but Bimbisara kills them and Kethu. Bimbisara is fatally shot by Shastri moments before he kills him. He saves the girl with the treatment he brought from Trigartala and dies, just as Sanjeevani in Trigartala starts to shine.


title: Bimbisara (film)

text: In January 2019, debutant director Mallidi Vassishta approached actor Nandamuri Kalyan Ram for a historical fantasy film while the latter was shooting for "" (2019). Kalyan Ram who was fascinated by fantasy and folklore films in Telugu cinema such as "Pathala Bhairavi" (1951), "Jagadeka Veeruni Katha" (1961), "Aditya 369" (1991), "Bhairava Dweepam" (1994), and "Yamadonga" (2007), accepted the film.


title: Bimbisara (film)

text: The film was launched in 2020 under the tentative title "NKR18", as it is intended to be 18th film of Kalyan Ram as a lead actor. Catherine Tresa, Samyuktha Menon, Vennela Kishore, and Srinivasa Reddy were cast in key roles.


title: Bimbisara (film)

text: The title of the film was unveiled as "Bimbisara" in May 2021. Vasishta stated that the film does not follow the history of King Bimbisara of 5th century BC, however, they have taken the character and some of his attributes. Kalyan Ram said that Bimbisara was adapted as the title sometime after the story was finalized. Initially supposed to be stand-alone film, it is reported that story was split into two parts due to its length. However, the second part's production is reported to start some time later, depending on the reception of the first film.


title: Bimbisara (film)

text: Principal photography began in 2020. It was delayed due to the second wave of COVID-19 in India and resumed shooting in mid 2021. Large sets related to ancient kingdom were set up at Ramakrishna Studios, Hyderabad. The shoot was completed by November 2021.


title: Bimbisara (film)

text: Originally, the background score and songs were supposed to be composed by Santosh Narayan and Chirantan Bhatt, respectively. However, Narayanan was later replaced by M. M. Keeravani to compose the background score for the film. Lyrics for the songs are written by Ramajogayya Sastry, Sreemani and Varikuppala Yadagiri. The first single titled "Eeswarude" was released on 13 July 2022. The second single titled "O Tene Palukula" was released on 21 July 2022.


title: Bimbisara (film)

text: "Bimbisara" was released on 5 August 2022. Originally it was scheduled to release in November 2021 but it was delayed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. A pre-release event was held in Hyderabad in July 2022 with Kalyan Ram's half-brother N. T. Rama Rao Jr. attending as guest.


title: Bimbisara (film)

text: The worldwide theatrical rights of the film were sold at a cost of ₹15 crores. UFO Moviez has acquired the film's distribution rights for North India. In Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, the film is distributed by Dil Raju.


title: Bimbisara (film)

text: The digital distribution rights of the film were acquired by ZEE5. The film started streaming digitally on ZEE5 from 21 October 2022.


title: Bimbisara (film)

text: "Bimbisara" received positive reviews from critics. A reviewer from "The Times of India" rated the film 3.5 out of 5 stars and wrote "The movie's first half is a runaway hit, and the second half could have been better. Kalyan Ram as Bimbisara was brilliant probably his best performance to date". Bhuvanesh Chandar of "The Hindu" gave a mixed review and stated–""Bimbisara" is filled with intriguing ideas that could have made for an engaging watch. It's definitely a refreshing take on an age-old formula". Sowmya Rajendran of "The News Minute" rated the film 2.5 out of 5 stars and wrote ""Bimbisara" is entertaining in parts, and is anchored mainly by Kalyan Ram’s performance. It would have worked better if Vashishta hadn’t tried to tick every box in the masala film genre and trusted the material more". Another critic wrote that "All that director Vassishta does is to give a timely upgrade to the socio-fantasy genre within the formula of a masala film and extracts commendable performances from his cast. This is undoubtedly Kalyan Ram’s career best".


title: Bimbisara (film)

text: Citing Kalyan Ram’s performance as "career-best", "123Telugu" praised Vasshist's work, film score, visual effects, action sequences and Srinivas Reddy's role. The critic further opined that the main antagonist's role is the major drawback of the film. Similarly, "News18" also praised story, screenplay and music, while stating that the film has no strong female character. "Pinkvilla" Arvind V wrote that "Kalyan Ram deserves kudos for not making the 'I am supercilious' mood look repetitive. His affecting performance makes us root for the little girl's track". Praising Kalyan Ram's performance, Murali Krishna Ch of "The New Indian Express" felt that Kalyan Ram’s entry into his kingdom reminded the iconic N. T. Rama Rao as Duryodhana from "Daana Veera Soora Karna" (1977).


title: Bimbisara (film)

text: On its opening day, "Bimbisara" collected a gross collection of worldwide. It has collected a distributors' share of worldwide, including from Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. The film grossed worldwide in its first weekend with a distributors' share of , reportedly entering into profit zone within three days. In nine days, the film has collected a total gross of $500K () at the United States box office.


title: Bimbisara (film)

text: In July 2022, Kalyan Ram announced plans to turn "Bimbisara" into a four-part franchise, with the second installment aiming to release in August 2023.


title: Max Schmeling

text: Maximilian Adolph Otto Siegfried Schmeling (, ; 28 September 1905 – 2 February 2005) was a German boxer who was heavyweight champion of the world between 1930 and 1932. His two fights with Joe Louis in 1936 and 1938 were worldwide cultural events because of their national associations. Schmeling is the only boxer to win the world heavyweight championship on a foul.


title: Max Schmeling

text: Starting his professional career in 1924, Schmeling went to the United States in 1928 and, after a ninth-round technical knockout of Johnny Risko, became a sensation. He became the first to win the heavyweight championship (at that time vacant) by disqualification in 1930, after opponent Jack Sharkey knocked him down with a low blow in the fourth round. Schmeling retained his crown successfully in 1931 by a technical knockout victory over Young Stribling. A rematch in 1932 with Sharkey saw the American gaining the title from Schmeling by a controversial fifteen-round split decision. In 1933, Schmeling lost to Max Baer by a tenth-round technical knockout. The loss left people believing that Schmeling was past his prime. Meanwhile, Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party took over control in Germany, but Schmeling never joined the Party. The same year, he married Czech film actress Anny Ondra.


title: Max Schmeling

text: In 1936, in their first fight, Schmeling knocked out American rising star Joe Louis, placing him as the number one contender for Jim Braddock's title, but Louis got the fight and knocked Braddock out to win the championship in 1937. Schmeling finally got a chance to regain his title in 1938 in the rematch, but Louis won by technical knockout in the first round. During World War II, Schmeling served with the German Air Force (') as a paratrooper ('). After the war, Schmeling mounted a comeback, but retired permanently in 1948. After retiring from boxing, Schmeling worked for The Coca-Cola Company. Schmeling became friends with Louis, and their friendship lasted until the latter's death in 1981. Schmeling died in 2005 aged 99, a sporting hero in his native Germany. Long after the Second World War, it was revealed that Schmeling had risked his life to save the lives of two Jewish children in 1938. At the age of 99, Schmeling was the longest living heavyweight boxing champion in history.


title: Max Schmeling

text: Max Schmeling, Jr. was born in Klein Luckow, in the Prussian Province of Brandenburg, the son of Max, Sr. and Amanda ("née" Fuchs) Schmeling. He had an older brother, Rudolf, born in 1902 and a younger sister, Edith, born in 1913. He first became acquainted with boxing as a teenager, when his father took him to watch film of the heavyweight championship match between Jack Dempsey and Georges Carpentier. Impressed with Dempsey's performance in that fight, young Schmeling became determined to imitate his new hero. He began boxing in amateur competitions and, by 1924, won Germany's national amateur title in the light heavyweight division. Shortly thereafter, he turned professional. Ironically, though he idolised the raging, brawling Dempsey, Schmeling developed a careful, scientific style of fighting that lent itself more to counterpunching. Using this style, he won seventeen of his first twenty-three bouts, thirteen by knockout. In 1925, he got into the ring with Dempsey, who was then still heavyweight champion of the world and was touring Europe. Dempsey boxed for two rounds with the then-unknown German and, according to a story later told by Schmeling, was greatly impressed. He proved Dempsey's praises correct on 24 August 1926, when picking up the German light heavyweight championship with a first-round knockout of rival Max Diekmann, who had previously beaten Schmeling. The next year, Schmeling won the European championship by stopping Fernand Delarge in the first boxing match broadcast live in Germany. After defending both titles against Hein Domgoergen the same year and, in 1928, the European Title with a first-round knockout of Michele Bonaglia, he secured the German heavyweight championship with a points victory against Franz Diener and decided to chase bigger fights and bigger purses in the United States.


title: Max Schmeling

text: Arriving in New York City for the first time in 1928, Schmeling was hardly noticed by the American fight circles. Considered a stiff European fighter who had padded his record against German and European unknowns, he was given few opportunities to prove himself until he hooked up with American manager Joe Jacobs. Schmeling's debut in America took place at Madison Square Garden with an eighth-round knockout of Joe Monte, who was not a top-flight heavyweight but nonetheless had been in with some tough competition. Two more victories led to a fight with Johnny Risko, one of the biggest names in the division, though somewhat beyond his prime. On 1 February 1929, Schmeling floored Risko four times with his right hand before the referee halted the contest in the ninth round, handing Risko his only loss by TKO. The surprised crowd in attendance roared with appreciation and "The Ring" magazine subsequently recognized the win as its 'Fight of the Year.'


title: Max Schmeling

text: When he defeated the highly regarded Spaniard Paulino Uzcudun via a fifteen-round decision at Yankee Stadium later that year, Schmeling was regarded as the foremost young contender in the division. With the World Heavyweight Champion Gene Tunney having recently retired, promoters arranged a matchup between the German and veteran contender Jack Sharkey to fill the vacancy. On 12 June 1930, at Yankee Stadium, in a fight billed as the 'Battle of the Continents,' Schmeling, known as a slow starter, fell slightly behind on points going into the fourth round. He was trying to corner his opponent when Sharkey let loose with a very fast, clear hit to the groin. Schmeling fell to the canvas, claiming to have been fouled. When manager Jacobs ran into the ring, prompting chaos, the referee disqualified Sharkey and declared Schmeling the victor and the first man to win the world heavyweight championship on a foul. The New York State Athletic Commission (NYSAC), reviewing the call, agreed.


title: Max Schmeling

text: The first European-born boxer to win the heavyweight championship in thirty-three years, Schmeling was also the first from Germany to hold the distinction. Still, the way in which he won the title proved an embarrassment. Called the 'low blow champion,' he was disparaged in both America and Europe as an unproven titleholder. When he initially refused to face Sharkey in a rematch, the NYSAC officially stripped him of their recognition as world champion, but he remained recognised by both the National Boxing Association (NBA) and "The Ring" magazine. Most of the criticism faded after Schmeling's first defence, a fifteen-round TKO over Young Stribling, a future hall-of-famer with 239 wins to his credit by 1931. In order to solidify his title as undisputed, Schmeling signed a contract to face the "Boston Gob" once more. On 21 June 1932, the championship picture became even more muddled when Sharkey won a highly controversial split decision, taking the championship. Many in attendance, including former heavyweight champion Gene Tunney and the mayor of New York, felt that Schmeling had proven himself the better man and was robbed. In losing the championship, the German had elevated his reputation in the minds of boxing fans.


title: Max Schmeling

text: When Schmeling faced Mickey Walker, the future hall-of-famer who had recently held Sharkey to a draw that many felt Walker deserved, it was thought that this fight was for the real heavyweight championship. Walker, a former welterweight, was a popular slugger who had won championships in two divisions but was at a considerable size disadvantage against the European. Though Walker took the lead on points, Schmeling dealt out a beating as the fight progressed. After eight rounds, Walker's corner threw in the towel, confirming Schmeling's status as the leading heavyweight in the world.