title: Venison

text: In the United States, venison is less common at retail due to the requirement that the animal be first inspected by USDA inspectors. There are very few abattoirs which process deer in North America, and most of this venison is destined for restaurants. Most venison sold through retail in the United States are farmed from New Zealand and Tasmania. It is available through some high-end specialty grocers and some chains which focus on more "natural" meats. Non-retail venison is often obtained through hunting and self-processing, or contracting to small meat processing facilities to do the processing for the hunter, but sale of the finished meat is usually illegal.


title: Venison

text: The American sandwich chain Arby's gained attention in October 2016 when word leaked through social media that they were about to test a venison sandwich. Arby's later confirmed that they had selected 17 stores in Georgia, Michigan, Minnesota, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, and Wisconsin (all major deer hunting states) to offer a venison sandwich during a four-day test during those states' hunting seasons. Both due to curiosity and heavy demand from hunters, the sandwiches sold out in all markets on the first day of the test.


title: Broly

text: The character of Broly was created by Takao Koyama, who was inspired to create a menacing and powerful Saiyan villain after watching Future Trunks transforming into his Super Saiyan Third Grade form during the Perfect Cell Saga, and designed by Dragon Ball creator, Akira Toriyama. Following the Saiyan race's usual naming trend, which is based on vegetables, Broly's name is a pun on broccoli, while his father Paragus is a pun on asparagus. Besides flashback scenes of Broly as an infant in the 1990s movies as well as Toriyama's design sheets of that version of the character, neither the original nor the reworked version of Broly is seen with a tail, which is considered to be a defining characteristic of a Saiyan character within the series.


title: Broly

text: Like other Saiyans in the series, his heritage has given him superhuman strength, senses, durability, agility, speed, "ki" blasts and reflexes. In the "Daizenshuu 6: Movies & TV" (1995) guidebook, it is stated that Super Saiyan Broly's power surpasses that of Super Saiyan Goku and that in his "Legendary Super Saiyan" form Broly is an opponent with infinite power. According to Takao Koyama in a 2006 interview, Broly is the strongest and most powerful antagonist in the "Dragon Ball Z" series. In a 2013 interview regarding the movie "", where Goku faces the God of Destruction, Beerus, he stated that Broly is scarier than Beerus. Broly's raw power may be equal to or eclipse that of the Gods Of Destruction. This was also supported by Goku's statement in the conclusion of "Dragon Ball Super: Broly", that the new incarnation of the character's power may surpass that of the god.


title: Broly

text: Debuting in "" Paragus lures Vegeta, Goku, and their companions to another planet, where Broly encounters Goku and goes into a rage, destroying the mind control device and becoming the unstoppable Legendary Super Saiyan. He effortlessly pummels Super Saiyan Goku, Vegeta, Gohan, Trunks, and Piccolo before killing his father. Goku eventually defeats him, but Broly somehow manages to make his way into an escape pod. His backstory was given in this movie. He was born with a power level of 10,000, which ultimately made him the target of summary execution at the order of the reigning Saiyan monarch King Vegeta due to fear that he'll ultimately prove a threat to his rule. This resulted in him being stabbed and left to die with his father Paragus before narrowly escaping Planet Vegeta's destruction at Frieza's hand. He also developed a subconscious hatred of Goku during this time because, as they were born the same day, they were neighbors in the nursery and Goku's crying disturbed him. It was heavily implied that the crying acted as a trigger to underlying post-traumatic stress disorder for Broly regarding the horrific events he had to endure that day.


title: Broly

text: Returning in "", he crash-lands on Earth and becomes frozen over by a lake of water until the cries of Goku's son Goten awakens him. Broly fights a long battle against Goten, Trunks, and a Super Saiyan Gohan before a triple combined Kamehameha wave from Goku, Gohan, and Goten defeats him by blasting him through the sun.


title: Broly

text: "", blood samples make their way into the hands of an industrialist, who creates a clone of the original Broly. The clone eventually wakes up and becomes mixed with bio-liquid, mutating him into a creature known as . He fought Goten, Trunks, Android 18, and Krillin and is eventually defeated by a combined "Kamehameha" attack after his body is exposed to seawater and becomes petrified as a result. The ending was originally meant to set up a fourth movie featuring Broly but was reworked into "" with Janemba as the main villain.


title: Broly

text: "Dragon Ball Z: The Real 4-D at Super Tenkaichi Budokai (ドラゴンボールZ ザ・リアル4-D at 超天下一武道会 Doragon Bōru Zetto Za Riaru Fō-Dī atto Sūpā Tenkaichi Budōkai, lit. "Dragon Ball Z: The Real 4-D at the Super Number One Under Heaven Martial Arts Gathering")" is an interactive 4-D cinematic theme attraction at Universal Studios Japan, and the successor to Dragon Ball Z: The Real 4-D. The film starts as an OVA before transitioning to CGI 3D models. The story takes place during a martial arts tournament, where the Legendary Super Saiyan (Broly) returns with a new God form (God Broly). He can overpower a Super Saiyan Blue Goku and knock out cold a Super Saiyan Blue Vegeta. With the audience's help, Goku can perform a unique God fusion and blasts God Broly away with his God Kamehameha.


title: Broly

text: A new canon version of Broly reworked into a quiet and slightly naïve Saiyan with a penchant for exploding in rage, debuts in the 2018 film, "", which tells the story of Goku, Vegeta, and Frieza encountering the exiled Saiyan for the first time. Broly's rebooted storyline portrays him as an abnormally powerful Saiyan who is exiled to the wasteland planet Vampa by King Vegeta out of fear and jealousy of his power. Broly is portrayed as a rough and quiet character with significant social naivety from his time spent living on a desolate world. He displays additional personality traits that are deemed rare in Saiyans, such as compassion, gentleness, and a refusal to fight simply for the sake of fighting. Despite his initial docility, Broly has trouble controlling his power whenever provoked by severe stress, anger, or sufficient physical exertion such as when fighting; when he loses control, Broly enters a destructive, mindless berserker state in which he possesses little to no sanity or ability to distinguish friend from foe. He is also emotionally scarred by his father Paragus violently disciplining him via shock collar, but in spite of this abusive upbringing, Broly remains loyal to his father. Broly spent four decades living in exile with Paragus, being raised as a weapon of revenge against King Vegeta until they are rescued by soldiers of the Frieza Force, Cheelai and Lemo, who quickly befriend Broly. Recruited by Frieza and headed for Earth, Paragus unleashes Broly upon Vegeta to take his revenge on the Vegeta Royal Bloodline. Broly, untrained for battle against other powerful Saiyans, nevertheless quickly adapts against Vegeta and Goku, but gradually loses control of his mind and enters his Wrathful transformation. Later in the film, in a bid to use Broly's rage as a power increase against Goku and Vegeta, Frieza kills Paragus and calls Broly's attention to his father's death, lying to him that it was a stray energy blast from his fight with the other two Saiyans that killed his father. Paragus's death successfully provokes Broly, who transforms into the Wrathful Super Saiyan form, at the total cost of his sanity. In this form, he defeats Goku and Vegeta in their Super Saiyan Blue forms, forcing them to retreat, before Broly turns his attention to Frieza and attacks him, provoking Frieza to transform into his Golden Frieza transformation, although it makes little difference against Broly. Goku and Vegeta, with the guidance of Piccolo and in spite of Vegeta's prideful hesitation, practice the Fusion Dance but fail twice, leaving Frieza at Broly's mercy for an hour. Ultimately, Goku and Vegeta succeed in fusing, becoming Gogeta. Gogeta returns to battle and enters his Super Saiyan form, resuming the battle with Broly. Gogeta and Broly clash, causing reality to 'break' around them. Broly enters his Full Power Super Saiyan form, and in turn, Gogeta turns into a Super Saiyan Blue. The two continue fighting, with Gogeta trying various techniques against Broly, including a Full-Force Kamehameha to end the fight. Cheelai and Lemo use the Dragon Balls to transport Broly back to Vampa with a wish from Shenron before Gogeta can finish him off with the attack. Later, Cheelai and Lemo settle down with the reverted Broly but are visited by Goku, who brings the group supplies and offers to teach Broly how to control his power, befriending him and sparking a friendly rivalry between them.


title: Broly

text: Broly makes a cameo appearance in the 2022 film "", training with Goku and Vegeta under Whis to control his rage and power.


title: Broly

text: Broly debuted in the video game "Dragon Ball Z Super Butoden 2" (1993). Since then, Broly has frequently been included in several "Dragon Ball Z"-related video games, along with fellow movie and "Dragon Ball GT" characters such as Bardock, Cooler, Janemba, Baby and Omega Shenron. loosely adapted his second film and features him as a boss. In " 2" (2005), Broly is the subject of three side stories: one that deals with what would have happened if Broly and Paragus succeeded in destroying the Z-Fighters; another, Broly being placed under the control of Dr. Gero; the third, Broly arriving during the Majin Buu Saga and bonding with Mr. Satan. In "" (2008), he has his own story mode entry alongside Bardock, which is a loose adaptation of his debut film's narrative. Both his original and "Super" incarnations appear as playable characters via downloadable content in the video game "Dragon Ball FighterZ" (2018).


title: Broly

text: Although Broly never appears in the original manga, he appears as a frequent antagonist in the spin-off manga, "Dragon Ball Heroes: Victory Mission" (2012), written by Toyotarō in "Weekly Shōnen Jump" and published by Shueisha, where he acts as the henchman to Genome in the latter's plan to retrieve the Black Star Dragon Balls. His battle with Goku and Vegeta in "Dragon Ball Super: Broly" is teased in a panel that follows the conclusion of the Universal Tournament arc for "Dragon Ball Super".


title: Broly

text: Broly is considered to be one of the most popular villains within the "Dragon Ball" series, with a cult following. He placed second by fan vote in a poll of "Dragon Ball" antagonists published by the March 2018 issue of "V Jump". Chris Carle from "IGN" ranked Broly as tenth on "IGN's" list of "Top 13 Dragon Ball Z Characters". In a 2016 list of the best "Dragon Ball Z" fights, the fight between Broly and Goku and others in the first movie was ranked as seventh; and the fight against Goten, Gohan and Goku in the second movie, as sixth. On the character's popularity, Will Harrison from "Polygon" drew parallels between Broly and Boba Fett from "Star Wars". Shawn Saris, also from "IGN", states that one of the characteristics that makes Broly memorable is his frightening size as well as brutal behavior during fights.


title: Broly

text: The "Dragon Ball Super" character Kale has received particular attention from critics as well as "Dragon Ball" fandom due to her similarities to the original version of Broly.


title: You're Next

text: You're Next is a 2011 American slasher film directed and edited by Adam Wingard, written by Simon Barrett and starring Sharni Vinson, Nicholas Tucci, Wendy Glenn, A. J. Bowen, Joe Swanberg, Barbara Crampton and Rob Moran. The plot concerns an estranged family under attack by a group of masked assailants during a family reunion.


title: You're Next

text: The film had its world premiere at the 2011 Toronto International Film Festival Midnight Madness program and was theatrically released on August 23, 2013, in the United States. The film grossed over $26 million from a $1 million production budget and has since gained a cult following.


title: You're Next

text: The film opens with a couple, Talia and Erik Harson, having sex. Afterwards, Talia walks around the house, not noticing that the motion sensor light outside had turned out. After a shower, Erik finds "you're next" written on the window in Talia's blood; her body is lying dead on the ground. An attacker wearing a lamb mask attacks Erik and kills him with a machete.


title: You're Next

text: Erin accompanies her boyfriend, Crispin Davison, to his family reunion at their vacation home in rural Missouri. Present are Crispin's parents Aubrey and Paul, Crispin's older brother Drake and his wife Kelly, Crispin's younger siblings Felix and Aimee, and their partners, Zee and Tariq, respectively.


title: You're Next

text: During dinner, someone shoots crossbow bolts through the window, one of which hits Tariq in the head and kills him, with another wounding Drake. The survivors discover that their cell phone reception has been jammed. Aimee runs outside for help but runs into a garrote wire which slices her throat, killing her. Erin is briefly attacked by an attacker in a tiger mask in the kitchen, but she fights him off as he escapes through the kitchen door. Paul puts Aubrey to bed, but an intruder wearing a fox mask, who was hiding under the bed, murders Aubrey with a machete, leaving the words "you're next" in blood on the wall.


title: You're Next

text: Kelly discovers Fox Mask, panics and flees the house, going to Erik's house nearby. Upon discovering Erik's corpse, Lamb Mask throws her through the window and kills her by driving an ax into the side of her head. Crispin leaves the house to look for help. Tiger Mask attacks Erin with an ax but she crushes his skull by beating him with a meat tenderizer.


title: You're Next

text: Paul finds sleeping bags and food wrappers that indicate the killers have been staying in the house for some time. He finds Felix and Zee and starts to explain it to them, only for Fox Mask to slit his throat with a machete. It is then revealed that Felix and Zee hired the assassins to murder the family so they could collect their inheritance. Lamb Mask finds Tiger Mask's corpse and flips the dinner table over in rage. He discovers a wounded Drake hiding, but retreats after Erin stabs him with a screwdriver. Erin sets up nail traps by the house's entrances, explaining to Zee that she grew up in a survivalist compound where she learned combat and survival skills. Felix meets Drake in the basement and kills him out of pity by stabbing him with multiple screwdrivers.


title: You're Next

text: On the upper floor, Erin comes across Paul's body. She jumps through a window to escape Fox Mask, injuring her leg. Lamb Mask is injured by one of her nail traps. While hiding, Erin overhears an argument between Felix, Zee, Fox Mask, and Lamb Mask where it was revealed that Lamb Mask and Tiger Mask were brothers. Her cell phone beeps to indicate that her text to 911 has gone through, alerting the killers. She is able to ambush and kill Lamb Mask by stabbing him in the head.


title: You're Next

text: Realizing she cannot outrun Fox Mask with a wounded leg, Erin sets a trap at the front door where an ax would fall and kill anyone who opened the door. Fox Mask enters through a window, so Erin lures him into the basement, where she blinds him with a camera before cracking his skull with a log, killing him. Zee and Felix attempt to kill Erin themselves, but she kills Felix by shredding the top of his head with a blender before stabbing Zee in the top of the head with a knife. Felix's cell phone rings and Erin answers without speaking. Believing he is speaking to Felix, Crispin reveals his involvement in the scheme. Erin confronts him when he returns, and Crispin explains that she was never meant to be targeted. After he attempts to bribe her into staying quiet, she kills him in disgust by stabbing him in the neck and eye.


title: You're Next

text: A police officer arrives and shoots Erin in the shoulder, having seen her kill Crispin. After calling for backup, he attempts to enter the house and falls victim to Erin's front door trap, with the axe hitting him in the head just as the movie cuts to a blood splattered "You're next".


title: You're Next

text: Barrett wrote the film after Wingard told him that he wanted to do a home invasion movie, noting that they were the only films that still truly frightened him.


title: You're Next

text: From there, Barrett wrote a script inspired by Agatha Christie mysteries as well as a combination of screwball comedies and chamber mysteries. Barrett would later note that "Bay of Blood" was probably in the back of his mind when writing the film, although he only realized this after the fact.


title: You're Next

text: Wingard credited the film's humor to Barrett's sense of humor and cynicism. Some of the dinner conversations were improvised and based on real-life experiences the filmmakers had with family members.


title: You're Next

text: The film was shot in 2011 at a mansion in Columbia, Missouri. Filming took place over four weeks, and shooting consisted mostly of night shoots filmed from 7 p.m. to 7 a.m.


title: You're Next

text: "You're Next" premiered on September 17, 2011 at the 2011 Toronto International Film Festival and opened at other film festivals later.


title: You're Next

text: Four days after its premiere, Lionsgate acquired American, British, and Canadian distribution rights to the film for just $2 million. The film was part of the competition during the 20th edition of the international festival of fantastic movies at Gerardmer (France) in February 2013, and it won the Syfy prize of the event.


title: You're Next

text: The film opened in the United States on August 9, 2013 and earned $7,020,196 in its opening weekend. The film closed on October 17, having grossed $18,494,006 in the domestic box office and $8,401,475 overseas for a worldwide total of $26,895,481.


title: You're Next

text: Rotten Tomatoes reports an approval rating of 79% based on 159 reviews, with an average rating of 6.6/10. The site's critical consensus states, ""You're Next"s energetic and effective mix of brutal gore and pitch black humor will please horror buffs and beyond". Metacritic gives the film a score of 66 out of 100, based on 32 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "B−" on an A+ to F scale.


title: You're Next

text: "Vanity Fair"s Jordan Hoffman called "You're Next" "one of the more entertaining horror pictures of the last 10 years". Chris Nashawaty of "Entertainment Weekly" gave the film a B+, praising "Wingard's canny knack for leavening his characters' gory demises with sick laughs and clever Rube Goldberg twists (razor-sharp piano wire hasn't been used this well since 1999's "Audition"). It's like "Ordinary People" meets "Scream"" and describing the final shot as "deliciously twisted". R. Kurt Osenlund of "Slant Magazine" gave the film 4 stars, stating the film "brazenly merges the home-invasion thriller with the dysfunctional family dramedy". Joshua Rothkopf ("Time Out New York") called the film "solidly satisfying" and a "minor triumph", although he commented that the film was, in general, unoriginal. Matt Glasby of "Total Film" called the film "funny and tense, rather than hilarious and terrifying", and complimented the film for being a "good" horror-comedy. Barbara VanDenburgh ("Arizona Republic") gave the film 3.5 out of 5 stars, stating the film was not "very scary" and that its "budget for red food coloring was no doubt higher than the one for script doctoring", although she complimented the film's score and "gruesome" conclusion. Mark Jenkins of "The Washington Post" said the movie "is at times bloodily entertaining. And if the central plot twist isn't all that clever, at least the movie offers some motivation for its mayhem", while Jane Horwitz wrote for the same newspaper: "For slasher/horror fans 17 and older, "You're Next" may provide sufficient homicidal entertainment". Liam Lacey ("The Globe and Mail") gave the film 2.5 out of 4 stars, describing it as "well-executed" but "rudimentary".


title: You're Next

text: A review from "St. Louis Post-Dispatch" called the film unoriginal, while Rene Rodriguez ("The Miami Herald") panned the film, calling it "practically insulting", and dubbed the premise "idiotic". John DeFore ("The Hollywood Reporter") wrote that the film's characters were mostly unsympathetic and that more humor would have improved the film. Stephen Whitty of "The Newark Star-Ledger", in a review for "The Portland Oregonian", gave the film a C+ rating, agreeing it was unoriginal and uninventive, comparing it to "The Purge" and "The Last House on the Left". Scott Bowles of "USA Today" gave "You're Next" a negative review, describing it as repetitive and stating that it did not have a purpose.


title: You're Next

text: "Total Film" placed Erin (Sharni Vinson) at number one on their list of "50 Most Bad-Ass Female Horror Leads".


title: You're Next

text: The film was released via video on demand on December 27, 2013, and via DVD and Blu-ray on January 14, 2014.


title: Ilia Topuria

text: Ilia Topuria () (born January 21, 1997) is a Georgian-born mixed martial artist who competes in the Lightweight and Featherweight divisions of the Ultimate Fighting Championship. As of December 13, 2022, he is #9 in the UFC featherweight rankings.


title: Ilia Topuria

text: Topuria was born in Halle Westfalen, Germany to Georgian parents. At the age of seven he moved to Georgia with his family where he started practicing Greco-Roman Wrestling at school. At the age of 15 he moved to live in Alicante in Spain, where he started practicing martial arts at the Climent Club. In 2015, he made his debut as a professional in local competitions.


title: Ilia Topuria

text: After starting his career with 4 straight submission wins on the Spanish regional scene and winning a belt in Mix Fight Events promotion. In 2018 he made his first international fight in Cage MMA Finland. In the same year, in May, he became the first Georgian black belt in Brazilian Jiu-jitsu alongside his brother Alex Topuria. Months later he received the opportunity to fight for the Cage Warriors Bantamweight Championship at the Lotto Arena in Antwerp, Belgium. Ilia failed to make the agreed weight so despite winning the fight quickly, he did not get the belt.


title: Ilia Topuria

text: In 2019 he signed with Brave Combat Federation. Ilia made his debut in the promotion in Bogota, Colombia, defeating opponent Luis Gomez in the first round by submission; which leads him to get the award for best performance of the night. On November 15, 2019, in Bahrain, he wins his second fight in BRAVE by defeating Steven Goncalves by KO in the first round.


title: Ilia Topuria

text: Topuria, as a replacement for Seung Woo Choi, took a bout on short notice against Youssef Zalal on October 11, 2020 at . Topuria won the fight via unanimous decision.


title: Ilia Topuria

text: Topuria was scheduled to face Movsar Evloev on January 22, 2022, at UFC 270. However, Evloev withdrew from the bout for undisclosed reasons and was replaced by Charles Jourdain. However, Topuria was pulled from the card due to a medical issue related to cutting weight and the bout was cancelled.


title: Ilia Topuria

text: Topuria faced Jai Herbert, replacing Mike Davis, on March 19, 2022 at UFC Fight Night 204. Topuria suffered a knockdown from a head kick in round one, but recovered and won the fight via knockout in round two. With this win, he received the "Performance of the Night" award.


title: Ilia Topuria

text: Topuria was scheduled to face Edson Barboza on October 29, 2022 at UFC Fight Night 213. However, Barboza withdrew in late September due to a knee injury and the bout was cancelled.


title: Ilia Topuria

text: Topuria faced Bryce Mitchell on December 10, 2022 at UFC 282. He won the fight via submission in round two. This win earned him the "Performance of the Night" award.


title: India Oxenberg

text: India Riven Oxenberg (born June 7, 1991) is an American actress and documentary film producer. A granddaughter of Princess Elizabeth of Yugoslavia, she is a relative of the House of Karađorđević, the former royal family of Serbia and, later, Yugoslavia. Oxenberg began her career as a child actress, with small roles in film and television projects that her mother, Catherine Oxenberg, and then-stepfather, Casper Van Dien, were involved in. As a teenager, she was a cast member of the reality television series "I Married a Princess".


title: India Oxenberg

text: From 2011 to 2018, Oxenberg was involved in NXIVM, an American multi-level marketing company that was later exposed as a cult. While in NXIVM she was introduced to a secret group "DOS" and was groomed to be a sexual partner of NXIVM's founder, Keith Raniere. In 2020, she published the book "Still Learning: A Memoir". She produced and stars in the documentary series "", which details her time in the cult.


title: India Oxenberg

text: Oxenberg was born on June 7, 1991, to actress Catherine Oxenberg and William Weitz Shaffer. Oxenberg's father was arrested in 1992 for smuggling marijuana from Thailand, reportedly profiting $50 million from drug trading. Her maternal grandparents are Princess Elizabeth of Yugoslavia and Howard Oxenberg, a Jewish dress manufacturer. As a great-granddaughter of Price Regent Paul of Yugoslavia (Elizabeth's father), Oxenberg is a descendant of the House of Karađorđević, which ruled Serbia and Yugoslavia. Oxenberg is also a relative of the British royal family, the Danish royal family, and the Greek royal family through her great-grandmother, Princess Olga of Greece and Denmark. She is a niece of writer and fashion designer Christina Oxenberg.


title: India Oxenberg

text: In 2008, Oxenberg was presented to society at Le Bal des débutantes at the Hôtel de Crillon in Paris. She was one of two members of the Karađorđević dynasty to make her debut at Le Bal that year, alongside her cousin Victoria de Silva, the daughter of Princess Katarina and Sir Desmond de Silva.


title: India Oxenberg

text: Oxenberg's first film was the 2001 television drama "The Miracle of the Cards". In 2002, Oxenberg played the role of Mattie in the science fiction television film "The Vector File".


title: India Oxenberg

text: Oxenberg was a cast member on the 2005 Lifetime reality television series "I Married a Princess", which followed her family while her mother was married to Casper Van Dien. That year, she also had minor role in the video game adaptation of the film "Starship Troopers" and a role in the Syfy original movie "The Fallen Ones".


title: India Oxenberg

text: In 2009, she had a small role in the Disney film "Princess Protection Program". In 2012, she portrayed a Pixie Teammate in the comedy film "Noobz".


title: India Oxenberg

text: Upon leaving college after one year, Oxenberg attended a self-help entrepreneurship course hosted by NXIVM with her mother at the recommendation of a family friend. They started the program together, but Oxenberg's mother later left. She was mentored by Sarah Edmondson, Mark Vicente, and Bonnie Piesse. In January 2015, after five years in the program, Oxenberg was approached by Allison Mack about joining a secret sorority called "" (DOS). Through this program, Mack became a mentor, called "master" by NXIVM, to Oxenberg. Oxenberg was instructed to provide personal family secrets and pose for nude photographs for Mack, who also limited the amount of food Oxenberg could eat and required her to cook and clean for her while living with Mack in Albany, New York. Throughout this process, Oxenberg was reportedly groomed to become a sexual partner for NXIVM's founder and the leader of DOS, Keith Raniere. She was one of multiple women in the organization who became Raniere's sexual partners. In January 2016, Oxenberg was held down and branded with the initials of Raniere. She was told, at the time, that the brand was a representation of the "elements" and was unaware that it was actually Raniere's initials. Oxenberg left NXIVM in 2018.


title: India Oxenberg

text: While Oxenberg was involved in NXIVM, her mother Catherine tried to get her out of the organization and expose the cult through media in 2017. In 2018, Catherine wrote the book "Captive: A Mother's Crusade to Save Her Daughter from a Terrifying Cult". In 2019, Catherine produced the Lifetime television movie "". Oxenberg officially left NXIVM in the summer of 2018 and moved back to Malibu with her mother.


title: India Oxenberg

text: Oxenberg's time in the cult is discussed in the HBO 2020 documentary "The Vow". Oxenberg produced and starred in the 2020 Starz documentary series "". The documentary details her life while she was an active member in NXIVM. In 2020, she also published the memoir "Still Learning: A Memoir", which revisits the emotional, physical, and sexual abuse she endured as a member of NXIVM, and her steps to recovery.


title: India Oxenberg

text: Oxenberg had her NXIVM brand covered up with a tattoo of a mandala and the inscription "ancora imparo" (i'm still learning) by a tattoo artist in New York City's East Village.


title: India Oxenberg

text: In 2018, Oxenberg met Patrick D'Ignazio, a chef, while working as a manager for a restaurant in New York City. They got engaged in October 2019 and were married in December 2020. They live in Los Angeles, near Venice Beach.


title: Gardner Minshew

text: Gardner Flint Minshew II (born May 16, 1996) is an American football quarterback for the Philadelphia Eagles of the National Football League (NFL). He began his college football career at Northwest Mississippi, winning the NJCAA National Football Championship, and played his next two years at East Carolina. Minshew used his final year of eligibility at Washington State, where he set the Pac-12 Conference season records for passing yards and completions, and won the Johnny Unitas Golden Arm Award.


title: Gardner Minshew

text: Selected by the Jacksonville Jaguars in the sixth round of the 2019 NFL Draft, Minshew became the team's primary starter during his first season and set the franchise record for rookie passing touchdowns. Following an injury-shortened 2020 campaign, he was traded the following year to the Eagles, where he has served as the team's backup.


title: Gardner Minshew

text: Minshew was born on May 16, 1996, in Flowood, Mississippi, and was raised in Brandon by Flint Minshew, a contractor, and Kim Minshew, a middle school math teacher. Kim was also a former women's basketball player at Mississippi State. Minshew and his father adopted Mike Leach's air raid offense playing style while Minshew was playing flag football in seventh grade. While doing so, he formed a strong bond with Wyatt Rogers, the area coach who initially taught him how to enact that style of play. Rogers was the father of future college football quarterback Will Rogers, whom Minshew became a mentor to.


title: Gardner Minshew

text: Minshew began playing football for Brandon High School in 2011, serving as the starting quarterback for the all-freshman team until varsity quarterback Trey Polk broke his arm partway through the season. The next year, Minshew helped take the Brandon Bulldogs to the Mississippi High School Activities Association (MHSAA) 6A championship game, where they lost 31–23 to South Panola. Minshew had 223 passing yards and one touchdown in the title game. He took the Bulldogs to an MHSAA state championship victory as a senior in 2014, with 3,541 passing yards and 31 touchdowns en route to the finals. In four years of high school football, Minshew had 9,705 passing yards, 88 passing touchdowns, a .588 completion percentage, 1,417 rushing yards, 17 rushing touchdowns, and only 24 interceptions. He was ranked a three-star recruit by Rivals.com and two stars by 247Sports.com.


title: Gardner Minshew

text: Minshew's first two attempts at college football recruitment fell through: his primary recruiter at the University of Akron died in a car accident, while the coaching staff that recruited him for the University of Alabama at Birmingham left the program before he could matriculate. Finally, in December 2014, he committed to attending Troy University and playing football for the Trojans. He matriculated at Troy in January 2015, but left that May before he ever played in a game. In addition to describing the university as a poor fit, Minshew found it unlikely that he would unseat starting Trojans quarterback Brandon Silvers, and he began to look for other opportunities.


title: Gardner Minshew

text: On June 3, 2015, Minshew signed a National Letter of Intent to transfer out of Troy and enroll at Northwest Mississippi Community College, where he would play college football with the Rangers in the National Junior College Athletic Association (NJCAA). Northwest Mississippi coach Jack Wright told Minshew that he was unlikely to become the starting quarterback there either, but he won the role one week after transferring, with his competition also transferring out of Northwest. He completed 21 of 31 passes for 332 yards, including a 61-yard touchdown, in his NJCAA debut and was named the Mississippi Association of Community & Junior Colleges (MACJC) Offensive Player of the Week. Minshew and the Rangers did not lose a game until October 16, when the East Mississippi Lions defeated them 49–16 in a second-half comeback. Minshew finished the game 18 of 37 for 211 yards, a touchdown, and an interception. The Rangers then advanced to the postseason, where they faced East Central Community College in the semifinals. Minshew went 18 of 28 for 168 yards and three touchdowns in the 27–20 victory, becoming the sixth Ranger to throw for 2,500 or more yards in one season.


title: Gardner Minshew

text: After defeating Mississippi Gulf Coast Community College 34–24 in the MACJC Football Championship, the Rangers faced Rochester Community and Technical College in the NJCAA National Football Championship. Minshew completed 23 of 30 passes in Northwest Mississippi's 66–13 rout of Rochester, throwing for 421 yards and five touchdowns. After the 2015 NJCAA football season ended, Minshew was named an MACJC All-State Football First-team selection, as well as an NJCAA All-American honorable mention. He finished the season with a 61 percent pass completion rate (223 of 367) and 28 touchdowns, and was first in the MACJC and second in the NJCAA with 3,288 passing yards.


title: Gardner Minshew

text: On May 3, 2016, Minshew signed a grant-in aid with East Carolina University, which enabled him to continue his football career with the Pirates at the NCAA Division I level. There, following the offseason departure of Kurt Benkert, Minshew was brought in to back up Philip Nelson. He made his East Carolina debut in Week 1, relieving Nelson midway through the third quarter of a 47–29 loss to Central Florida after the other quarterback suffered an injury. After entering the game, Minshew completed 12 of 27 passes for 192 yards, but was intercepted twice, and coach Scottie Montgomery was ambivalent towards Minshew's performance, telling reporters, "I would be remised if I said he did a great job". Nelson suffered another injury the next week at South Florida, and Minshew stepped in to complete 21 of 33 passes for 220 yards and one touchdown in the 38–22 loss. After that game, Montgomery told reporters, "He worked as well as he could." Montgomery also clarified that Minshew would not replace Nelson as the starting quarterback despite Nelson's injuries in consecutive games, saying, "If Philip's able to play, Philip is our starting quarterback right now. If he's not able to play, Gardner will be able to play and we're fine."


title: Gardner Minshew

text: Minshew did not play again until November 5, replacing Nelson in the second quarter of a 45–24 loss to Tulsa. Minshew had career highs with 29 of 49 passes and 336 yards, but a number of on-field penalties hindered the Pirates. Montgomery attributed Nelson's benching to a nagging shoulder injury, but also suggested after the game that Minshew may get the start for East Carolina's Week 10 game against Southern Methodist, if only to preserve Nelson's health. Nelson ultimately started in the 55–31 loss to Southern Methodist, and was relieved by Minshew, the two combining for 284 passing yards. With Nelson still injured the next week, Minshew started in his first game for East Carolina on November 19, completing 16 of 25 for 238 yards and three touchdowns in the 66–31 loss to the Navy Midshipmen. He started again in the 2016 season finale, with 183 yards but two sacks in the 37–10 loss to Temple. Playing in seven games his sophomore season, Minshew completed 119 of 202 passes for 1,347 passing yards and eight touchdowns, with four interceptions.


title: Gardner Minshew

text: Although Thomas Sirk, a senior transfer from Duke University, was expected to become East Carolina's starting quarterback in 2017, Montgomery gave the title to Minshew after concerns about Sirk's history of Achilles tendon injuries, as well as Minshew's greater familiarity with his teammates. In the season opener against James Madison, Minshew completed 7 of 18 passes for 82 yards and one interception before he was benched at halftime in favor of Sirk. The reverse happened in the next game, with Minshew replacing Sirk after the latter suffered a hit to the head in the third quarter of a game against West Virginia. He went 7 for 13 with 137 yards, including a 95-yard touchdown pass to Trevon Brown, in the 56–20 loss. Minshew played his first full game of the season on September 16, completing 11 of 30 for 241 yards, two touchdowns, and one interception, including another 76-yard pass to Brown, in the 64–17 loss to Virginia Tech. After the Virginia Tech game, Montgomery elected to start Sirk against Connecticut, citing their respective advantages: Sirk was a better runner and Minshew a better passer, and East Carolina, he believed, would benefit from a stronger run game.


title: Gardner Minshew

text: Minshew did not receive significant playing time again until October 14, when he relieved Sirk in the third quarter of a 63–21 loss to Central Florida. Montgomery was worried about protecting both of his quarterbacks and wanted Minshew to keep the ball in his hands as little as possible. He finished 6 of 12 for 69 yards and one touchdown. Minshew relieved Sirk the following week against Brigham Young when Sirk injured his throwing elbow. Entering the game with a 16–10 lead, Minshew completed six passes for 121 yards and two touchdowns, bringing the Pirates to a 33–17 victory. Relieving Sirk in a 52–27 loss to Houston on November 4, Minshew completed 52 of 68 passes, setting East Carolina records for both attempts and completions, for 463 yards, three touchdowns, and one interception. Minshew played a complete game the next week against Tulane, completing 25 of 52 for 228 yards with one touchdown and one interception, but East Carolina lost 31–24 in overtime. East Carolina definitively took their next game, defeating Cincinnati 48–20 behind Minshew, who completed 31 of 45 for 444 yards and four touchdowns. Minshew and ECU finished the season with a loss: he completed 28 of 54 passes for 351 yards and two touchdowns, but was intercepted three times, and Memphis took the game 70–13. After throwing for 2,140 yards and 16 touchdowns as a junior, Minshew graduated from East Carolina at the end of 2017 with a degree in communications.


title: Gardner Minshew

text: Minshew had one year of NCAA eligibility remaining after his early graduation from East Carolina, and although he had originally committed to playing for Alabama as a graduate student, he instead joined the Washington State Cougars. Minshew had reportedly not expected to play for Alabama, but used the announcement to draw interest from other schools, at which point Washington State head coach Mike Leach called him and asked, "You want to come lead the nation in passing?" Tyler Hilinski's January suicide had left the Cougars without a starting quarterback for the 2018 season, and Minshew was placed into competition with rising juniors Trey Tinsley and Anthony Gordon for the role. Minshew's familiarity with Leach's air raid offense helped promote him to starting quarterback just before the start of the season.


title: Gardner Minshew

text: Washington State defeated Wyoming 41–19 in their 2018 season opener, with Minshew throwing for 319 yards and three touchdowns in his team debut. The next week, he had three touchdown passes and one rushing touchdown in Washington State's 31–0 shutout victory over San Jose State. Minshew did not suffer a loss with Washington State until Week 4, when he was the subject of a controversial hit from USC Trojans linebacker Porter Gustin. Pac-12 Conference officials determined that the hit did not meet the definition of targeting, and USC held on to win 39–36. Through the first six games of the season, Minshew had a 5–1 record and a NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS)-leading 2,422 passing yards, 313 passing attempts, and 215 completions. He was named the Rose Bowl Game's Pac-12 Player of the Week on October 8, following his performance against Oregon State, where he completed 30 of 40 for 430 yards and five touchdowns in the 56–37 win. On November 17, while helping Washington State to their tenth season win in a 69–28 defeat of Arizona, Minshew completed 43 of 55 passes for 473 yards with no interceptions and a school record-setting seven touchdown passes. His only other loss of the year came in the Apple Cup, when Minshew completed 26 of 35 passes for 152 yards but was intercepted twice, with Washington State falling to the Washington Huskies 28–15.


title: Gardner Minshew

text: Washington State faced Iowa State in the 2018 Alamo Bowl, with Minshew completing 35 of 49 passes for 299 yards, leading Washington State to a 28–26 victory, and taking home the bowl's Offensive MVP award. His 35 completions in the game were also an Alamo Bowl record, three more than Nick Foles set with Arizona in 2010. Minshew finished his graduate season with 468 completed passes in 662 attempts, 38 touchdowns, nine interceptions, and 4,776 passing yards, breaking both Connor Halliday's Washington State single-season passing yards record and Jared Goff's single-season Pac-12 record. His 450th completion, made in the second quarter of the Alamo Bowl, also broke Halliday's Pac-12 single-season completions record. In addition to being named to the 2018 All-Pac-12 First Team, Minshew was named the Pac-12 Offensive Player of the Year and the Johnny Unitas Golden Arm Award for his performance with Washington State. He finished in fifth place in Heisman Trophy voting, behind Kyler Murray, Tua Tagovailoa, Dwayne Haskins, and Will Grier.


title: Gardner Minshew

text: In February 2019, Minshew was one of three Washington State football players, alongside Andre Dillard and James Williams, to receive an invitation from the National Football League (NFL) to that year's NFL Scouting Combine. As a quarterback whose style of offense prioritizes passing over rushing, his 40-yard dash speed at the combine did not stand out; coaches from various National Football League (NFL) teams also inquired as to why Minshew had attended four different colleges in as many years. Minshew had the second-largest hand size of any quarterback at the combine, with his span behind only Tyree Jackson's . Minshew was physically smaller than many of the other quarterbacks at the combine and he told at least one coach, "I know I'm too short, too slow, but I won 11 fucking games last year". He was also confident that the popularity of other passing-heavy quarterbacks like Patrick Mahomes, Jared Goff, and Baker Mayfield in the NFL would help his stock in the upcoming draft. 28 of 32 NFL teams also came to watch Minshew at Washington State's pro day, where he completed 41 of 46 passes. Of the five misses, three were dropped by the receiver, while two were true incompletions. Between the scouting combine, pro days, and Senior Bowl, Minshew spoke with all 32 NFL teams in the time leading up to the draft. The Jacksonville Jaguars ultimately selected Minshew in the sixth round, 178th overall, of the 2019 NFL Draft.


title: Gardner Minshew

text: After being drafted, Minshew spent the Jaguars' training camp in competition with Tanner Lee and Alex McGough for a chance to back up starting quarterback Nick Foles, and after both Lee and McGough were cut in August, Gardner won the job despite an unimpressive preseason, with the understanding that Foles would receive the majority of starts. When Foles fractured his left clavicle in the first quarter of the Week 1 game against the Kansas City Chiefs, however, Minshew stepped in to make his NFL debut, completing 22 of 25 passes for 275 yards, two touchdowns, and one interception in the 40–26 loss. His 13 consecutive completed passes were the most of any debuting quarterback since at least 1979, and Minshew's 88 percent pass completion was the highest of any NFL player with at least 15 pass attempts in his debut. With no timetable for Foles' return and no third quarterback, Minshew became Jacksonville's starter. After narrowly losing to the Houston Texans in Week 2, Minshew picked up his first NFL win in Week 3, completing 20 of 30 passes for 204 yards in the 20–7 victory over the Tennessee Titans. Through his first three games, Minshew's 73.8 completion percentage and 110.6 passer rating were the highest of any NFL quarterback in that same time frame.


title: Gardner Minshew

text: Minshew had a 4–4 record, 2,285 yards, 13 touchdown passes, four interceptions, and a 92.8 passer rating by the time that Foles was activated from the injured reserve on November 5 to take back the starting quarterback role. Foles struggled in his return, however, with only two touchdown drives in three starts, and while facing the Tampa Bay Buccaneers on December 1, he was benched at halftime in favor of Minshew. Although the Jaguars lost 28–11, unable to recoup their first-half deficit, Minshew completed 16 of 27 passes for 141 yards and successfully led the team to two scoring drives. The next day, Jaguars coach Doug Marrone announced that Minshew would start the Week 14 game against the Los Angeles Chargers. Despite losing to the Chargers 45–10, Minshew was 24 for 37 with 162 yards and one touchdown, and his one touchdown, the 15th of the year, set a Jacksonville franchise record for most passing touchdowns by a rookie quarterback. In his next game, Minshew was 17 of 29 with 201 yards and two touchdowns in a 20–16 comeback victory over the Oakland Raiders, the last game to be played in the Oakland Coliseum, and he described seeing "more middle fingers today than I have in my whole life" after steering Jacksonville towards victory. Minshew and the Jaguars closed out the season with a 38–20 win over the Indianapolis Colts, during which Minshew threw for 295 yards and three touchdowns. Appearing in 14 games for Jacksonville as a rookie, Minshew had a 6–8 record for the year, with 285 completions in 470 attempts, 3,271 passing yards, 21 touchdowns, and six interceptions. He also had 344 rushing yards in 67 carries.


title: Gardner Minshew

text: Foles was traded to the Chicago Bears in March 2020 in exchange for a fourth-round selection in the 2020 NFL Draft, paving the way for Minshew to take over as the starting quarterback in the season. Joshua Dobbs, meanwhile, was acquired from the Pittsburgh Steelers as Minshew's new backup. While defeating the Indianapolis Colts 27–20 in the first game of the season, Minshew completed 19 of 20 pass attempts for 173 yards and three touchdowns, becoming the first NFL quarterback to throw for three or more touchdowns with a pass completion rate of 95 percent or higher. Although he threw for 339 yards and three touchdowns in Week 2 against the Tennessee Titans, Minshew was also sacked twice, and the game-winning play of the 33–30 loss came on an interception by Harold Landry. His poor Week 3 performance against the Miami Dolphins, throwing 30 of 42 for 275 yards with a fumble and an interception in the 31–13 loss, led to accusations that the Jaguars were tanking their season.


title: Gardner Minshew

text: During an October 11 loss to the Houston Texans in which he threw for 301 yards and two touchdowns, Minshew suffered multiple fractures and a strained ligament in his right thumb, a series of injuries through which he continued playing until Jacksonville's 39–29 loss to the Los Angeles Chargers on October 25. X-ray exams after that game revealed the extent of Minshew's injuries, which helped to explain his uncharacteristically poor performance through the first half of the season. At the time, he had a 65.9 percent pass completion rate, five interceptions, and three lost fumbles. In Minshew's absence, Mike Glennon took over as Jacksonville's starting quarterback, a role that he maintained even after Minshew was activated from the injured reserve. Glennon struggled in his Week 13 start, however, and he was pulled halfway through the third quarter of the Jaguars' Week 14 game in favor of Minshew. At that point, the Jaguars were trailing the Titans 31–3 and Minshew led the only Jacksonville touchdown drive in the game. Minshew started in Week 15 against the Baltimore Ravens, throwing for 226 yards and two touchdowns in a 40–14 loss, extending Jacksonville's losing streak to 13 games. Glennon was chosen to close out the season, starting the last two games against the Chicago Bears and Indianapolis Colts, respectively. Overall, Minshew appeared in nine games for the Jaguars during the 2020 season, recording 2,259 passing yards, 16 passing touchdowns, and five interceptions, as well as 153 rushing yards in 29 carries.


title: Gardner Minshew

text: On August 28, 2021, the Jaguars traded Minshew to the Philadelphia Eagles in exchange for a conditional sixth-round pick in the 2022 NFL Draft; in a corresponding move, the Eagles released quarterback Nick Mullens. Minshew made his first start of the season in Week 13, after starting quarterback Jalen Hurts was sidelined with an ankle injury. Facing the New York Jets, Minshew completed 20 of 25 passes for 242 yards and two touchdowns, lifting the Eagles to a 33–18 finish. He had a perfect 158.3 quarterback rating through the first half of the game, and tied Donovan McNabb with a 93.3 percent first-half completion rate, the highest by an Eagles quarterback in 30 years. Following that game, Minshew asked Nick Sirianni if he could become the Eagles' starting quarterback over Hurts, a request that Sirianni denied. In response, Minshew decided he was "going to do everything [he] can to put [him]self in that position at some point". Hurts' ankle injury recovered over the Eagles' subsequent bye week, and Minshew returned to the backup role for the Eagles' Week 15 game against the Washington Football Team. Minshew was asked to start again in the Eagles' regular-season finale against the rival Dallas Cowboys, giving Hurts an opportunity to rest before the 2021–22 NFL playoffs began the following week. Passing primarily to other reserve players on a roster that had been diminished by COVID-19 protocols, Minshew threw 19 of 33 for 186 yards, with two touchdowns and an interception, while the Eagles lost 51–26 to the Cowboys.


title: Gardner Minshew

text: Minshew entered the season as Hurts's backup quarterback. He made his first appearance of the season in Week 8, relieving Hurts for the final ten minutes of the Eagles' 35–13 win over the Pittsburgh Steelers. He went 1-for-2 with 23 yards in his limited outing. Minshew appeared again at the end of the Eagles' Week 13 game against the Tennessee Titans. He went 1-for-2 for 11 yards as Philadelphia took a 35–10 victory.


title: Gardner Minshew

text: Minshew was named after his father, Gardner Flint Minshew, a fact that most fans and sportswriters did not initially realize because the elder Minshew is often referred to by his middle name. He goes by "Minshew II" rather than "Minshew Jr." at his mother's request, as she did not want her son to be nicknamed "Junior" or "Bubba". His grandfather originally wanted Minshew to be named Beowulf, after the Old English hero, but his parents rejected the idea.


title: Gardner Minshew

text: Outside of football, Minshew is known for his distinctive physical appearance and exercise habits, which have generated several nicknames. He began growing his signature Fu Manchu-style mustache at East Carolina, and it has been adopted by Minshew's fans, some of whom wear fake mustaches to his NFL games. During his tenure with Jacksonville, he also had a distinctive mullet, which he cut off after the 2020 season. This appearance awarded Minshew the nickname "Uncle Rico", based on the similarly styled character from the 2004 film "Napoleon Dynamite". His decision to wear aviator sunglasses and a flight jacket before his first game at Lincoln Financial Field also drew comparisons to the film "Top Gun". Minshew was also given the nickname "Jock Strap King" by Jacksonville running back Leonard Fournette, after the quarterback's propensity for exercising in nothing but the eponymous underwear. The pornographic video service CamSoda once offered Minshew a one-million-dollar endorsement deal based on his exercise habit.


title: Gardner Minshew

text: While playing for Northwest Mississippi, Minshew had a cameo appearance in the Netflix documentary miniseries "Last Chance U". The film featured the college football program at East Mississippi, whose defeat of Minshew and Northwest Mississippi was featured in the series.


title: David Stirling

text: Sir Archibald David Stirling (15 November 1915 – 4 November 1990) was a Scottish officer in the British army, a mountaineer, and the founder and creator of the Special Air Service (SAS). He saw active service during the Second World War.


title: David Stirling

text: Stirling was born at his family's ancestral home, Keir House, in the parish of Lecropt, Perthshire on 15 November 1915. He was the son of Brigadier-General Archibald Stirling, of Keir, and Margaret Fraser, daughter of Simon Fraser, the Lord Lovat (a descendant of Charles II). Simon Fraser, 15th Lord Lovat was a first cousin. His paternal grandparents were Sir William Stirling-Maxwell, 9th Baronet and Lady Anna Maria Leslie-Melville.


title: David Stirling

text: Stirling was educated at the Catholic boarding school Ampleforth College, but attended only a year at Trinity College, Cambridge before departing to Paris to become an artist. At with an athletic figure, Stirling was training to climb Mount Everest when the Second World War broke out.


title: David Stirling

text: Stirling was commissioned into the Scots Guards from Ampleforth College Contingent Officer Training Corps on 24 July 1937. In June 1940, he volunteered for the new No. 8 (Guards) Commando under Lieutenant-Colonel Robert Laycock, which became part of Force Z (later named "Layforce"). On 1 February 1941, Layforce sailed for the Middle East, in support of the capture of Rhodes, but were soon disbanded after suffering heavy casualties in the Battle of Crete and the Battle of the Litani River. Stirling remained convinced that due to the mechanised nature of war, a small team of highly trained soldiers with the advantage of surprise could attack several targets from the desert in a single night.


title: David Stirling

text: Believing that taking his idea up the chain of command was unlikely to work, Stirling decided to go straight to the top. On crutches following a parachuting accident, he stealthily entered Middle East headquarters in Cairo (under, through, or over a fence) in an effort to see Commander-in-Chief, Middle East Command General Sir Claude Auchinleck. Spotted by guards, Stirling abandoned his crutches and entered the building, only to come face-to-face with an officer with whom he had previously fallen out. Retreating rapidly, he entered the office of the deputy chief of staff, Major General Neil Ritchie. Stirling explained his plan to Ritchie, immediately after which Ritchie persuaded Auchinleck to allow Stirling to form a new special operations unit. The unit was given the deliberately misleading name "L Detachment, Special Air Service Brigade" to reinforce Dudley Clarke's deception of a parachute brigade existing in North Africa.


title: David Stirling

text: Stirling's new special operations unit was, at the outset, short of equipment (particularly tents and related gear) when the unit set up at Kibrit Air Base. The first operation of the new SAS was to steal from a nearby well-equipped New Zealand regiment various supplies including tents, bedding, tables, chairs and a piano. After at least four trips, they had a well-stocked camp.


title: David Stirling

text: After a brief period of training, an initial attempt at attacking a German airfield by parachute landing on 16 November 1941 in support of Operation Crusader proved to be disastrous for the unit. Of the original 55 men, some 34 were killed, wounded or captured far from the target, after being blown off course or landing in the wrong area, during one of the biggest storms to hit the area. Escaping only with the help of the Long Range Desert Group (LRDG) – who were designated to pick up the unit after the attack – Stirling agreed that approaching by land under the cover of night would be safer and more effective than parachuting. As quickly as possible he organised raids on ports using this simple method, bluffing through checkpoints at night using the language skills of some of his soldiers.


title: David Stirling

text: Under Stirling's leadership, the Lewes bomb, the first hand-held dual explosive and incendiary device, was invented by Jock Lewes. American Jeeps, which were able to deal with the harsh desert terrain better than other transport, were cut down, adapted and fitted with Vickers K machine guns fore and aft. Stirling also pioneered the use of small groups to escape detection. Finding it difficult to lead from the rear, Stirling often led from the front, his SAS units driving through enemy airfields in the Jeeps to shoot up aircraft and crew.


title: David Stirling

text: The first Jeep-borne airfield raid occurred soon after acquiring the first batch of Jeeps in June 1942, when Stirling's SAS group attacked the Italian-held Bagush airfield along with two other Axis airfields all in the same night. After returning to Cairo, Stirling collected a consignment of more Jeeps for further airfield raids. His biggest success was on the night of 26–27 July 1942 when his SAS squadron, armed with 18 jeeps, raided the Sidi Haneish landing strip and destroyed 37 Axis aircraft (mostly bombers and heavy transport) for the loss of two men killed. After a drive through the desert, evading enemy patrols and aircraft, Stirling and his men reached the safety of their advance camp at Qaret Tartura on the edge of the Qattara Depression.


title: David Stirling

text: These hit-and-run operations eventually proved Stirling's undoing; he was captured by the Germans in January 1943 having been dubbed "The Phantom Major" by Field Marshal Erwin Rommel. Although Stirling escaped his capture by the Germans, he was subsequently re-captured by the Italians, who took great delight in the embarrassment this caused to their German allies. He made four further escape attempts, before he was sent to Colditz Castle, where he remained as a prisoner for the rest of the war. He arrived on 20 August 1944 and was given the task of setting up the Colditz British Intelligence Unit.


title: David Stirling

text: In North Africa, in the 15 months before Stirling's capture, the SAS had destroyed over 250 aircraft on the ground, dozens of supply dumps, wrecked railways and telecommunications, and had put hundreds of enemy vehicles out of action. Field Marshal Montgomery of Alamein described Stirling as "mad, quite mad".


title: David Stirling

text: Worried that Britain was losing its power after the war, Stirling organised deals to provide British weapons and military personnel to other countries, like Saudi Arabia, for various privatised foreign policy operations. Along with several associates, Stirling formed Watchguard International Ltd, formerly with offices in Sloane Street (where the Chelsea Hotel later opened) before moving to South Audley Street in Mayfair.


title: David Stirling

text: Business was chiefly with the Gulf States. He was linked, along with Denys Rowley, to a failed attempt to overthrow the Libyan ruler Muammar Gaddafi in 1970 or 1971. Stirling was the founder of private military company KAS International, also known as KAS Enterprises.


title: David Stirling

text: Watchguard International Ltd was a private military company, registered in Jersey in 1965 by Stirling and John Woodhouse. Woodhouse's first assignment was to go to Yemen to report on the state of the royalist forces when a cease-fire was declared. At the same time Stirling was cultivating his contacts in the Iranian government and exploring the chances of obtaining work in Africa. The company operated in Zambia and in Sierra Leone, providing training teams and advising on security matters, but its founders' maverick ways of doing business caused its eventual downfall. Woodhouse resigned as Director of Operations after a series of disagreements and Stirling ceased to take an active part in 1972.


title: David Stirling

text: In mid-1970s, Stirling became increasingly worried that an "undemocratic event" would occur and decided to organise a private army to overthrow the government. He created an organisation called Great Britain 75 and recruited members from the aristocratic clubs in Mayfair; these were mainly ex-military men, and often former SAS members. The plan was that in the event of civil unrest resulting in the breakdown of normal Government operations, they would take over its running. He described this in detail in an interview from 1974, part of which is featured in Adam Curtis's documentary "The Mayfair Set", episode 1: "Who Pays Wins".


title: David Stirling

text: In August 1974, before Stirling was ready to go public with GB75, the pacifist magazine "Peace News" obtained and published his plans. His biographer Alan Hoe disputed the newspaper's disparaging portrayal of Stirling as a right-wing 'Colonel Blimp'.


title: David Stirling

text: During the mid to late 1970s, Stirling created a secret organisation designed to undermine trades unionism from within. He recruited like-minded individuals from within the trade union movement, with the express intention that they should cause as much trouble during conferences as permissible. One such member was Kate Losinska, who was Head of the Civil and Public Services Association. Funding for this "operation" came primarily from his friend Sir James Goldsmith.


title: David Stirling

text: Transferred to the Regular Army Reserve of Officers in 1947, Stirling was granted the honorary rank of lieutenant-colonel, a rank he retained on his retirement in 1965. Stirling was the founder of the Capricorn Africa Society, a society for promoting Africa free from racial discrimination. Founded in 1949, while Africa was still under colonial rule, it had its high point at the 1956 Salima Conference. However, because of his emphasis on a qualified and highly elitist voting franchise, similar to Disraeli's "fancy franchises", educated Africans were divided on it. Consequently, the society's attempt to deal with the problem of different levels of social development in a non-racial way was ineffective, although it received a surprising validation when the South African Communist Party used Stirling's multi-racial elitist model for its 1955 "Congress Alliance" when taking over the African National Congress of South Africa. Stirling resigned as Chairman of the Society in 1959.


title: David Stirling

text: In September 1967 Len Deighton wrote an article in "The Sunday Times Magazine" about Operation Bigamy. The following year Stirling was awarded "substantial damages" in a libel action about the article.


title: David Stirling

text: Stirling was awarded the Distinguished Service Order in recognition of gallant and distinguished service in the Middle East on 24 February 1942, appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire in recognition of gallant and distinguished service in the field on 14 November 1946 and appointed a Knight Bachelor in the 1990 New Year Honours for services to the military.


title: David Stirling

text: In 2002 the SAS memorial, a statue of Stirling standing on a rock, was unveiled on the Hill of Row near his family's estate at Park of Keir. Two bronze plaques were stolen from the statue sometime around the end of May 2014. The current Laird of the Keir estate is his nephew Archie Stirling, a millionaire businessman and former Scots Guards officer.


title: Alexandra Maria Lara

text: Alexandra Maria Lara ("née" Plătăreanu; 12 November 1978) is a Romanian-German actress who has appeared in "Downfall" (2004), "Control" (2007), "Youth Without Youth" (2007), "The Reader" (2008), "Rush" (2013), and "Geostorm" (2017).


title: Alexandra Maria Lara

text: Born in Bucharest, Lara is the only child of Valentin Plătăreanu, an actor, and his wife, Doina. In 1983, her family fled to West Germany to escape Nicolae Ceaușescu's regime in Communist Romania. Although the family had planned to emigrate to Canada, they settled in Freiburg im Breisgau, before eventually moving to Berlin.


title: Alexandra Maria Lara

text: By sixteen, she was playing lead roles in various television dramas; since then, she has appeared in films, including as Traudl Junge, Adolf Hitler's secretary, in the Academy Award-nominated 2004 film "Downfall"; following this, Francis Ford Coppola wrote her a letter and gave her a leading role in "Youth Without Youth" (2007).


title: Alexandra Maria Lara

text: In 2007 she also appeared as Belgian journalist Annik Honoré in the film "Control", the Ian Curtis biopic. In 2008, she served as a member of the Cannes Film Festival jury. She has also appeared in several French productions, including "Napoléon" and "L'Affaire Farewell". She appeared in "The Reader" and "Der Baader Meinhof Komplex" which were both nominated for the 81st Academy Awards, for best picture and best foreign language film, respectively.


title: Alexandra Maria Lara

text: In 2018 she starred with her real life husband Sam Riley in "Happy New Year, Colin Burstead" by Ben Wheatley, playing his German girlfriend.


title: Alexandra Maria Lara

text: In August 2009, Lara married English actor Sam Riley, with whom she acted in the films "Control" and "Suite Française". In January 2014, she gave birth to their first child, a boy. They also played a couple on-screen in Ben Wheatley's drama "Happy New Year, Colin Burstead".


title: Falling Skies

text: Falling Skies is an American science fiction television series set in a post-apocalyptic era, created by Robert Rodat and executive produced by Steven Spielberg. The series stars Noah Wyle as Tom Mason, a former history professor who becomes the second-in-command of the 2nd Massachusetts Militia Regiment, a group of civilians and fighters fleeing Boston following an alien invasion that devastated the world.


title: Falling Skies

text: The series, a production of DreamWorks Television—and from 2014 to 2015, being a production from Spielberg's Amblin Television and Warner Bros. Television—was broadcast in the United States on the cable channel TNT, and in Canada on Super Channel (first-run broadcasts) and on Space (second-run broadcasts on a one-year delay). The series premiered on June 19, 2011. On July 18, 2014, TNT renewed the show for a 10-episode fifth and final season, which started on June 28, 2015, and concluded on August 30, 2015.


title: Falling Skies

text: "Falling Skies" begins six months after a global invasion by extraterrestrials, where in early days, the invaders neutralized the world's power grid and technology, defeated and largely destroyed all the world's militaries, and killed over 90 percent of the human population by destroying all of the world's major cities and capitals.


title: Falling Skies

text: The aliens include mechanical attack drones called "mechs"; a species of light brown-skinned six-legged beings known as "Skitters" that appear to control the mechs; and a mysterious species known as the Overlords, or "Espheni", presumably the actual engineers of the invasion and the masters of the Skitters.


title: Falling Skies

text: The aliens' objectives are not explained until the fourth season. They plan to extract helium-3 from Earth's moon to power their technology and to use humanity as an enslaved frontline army in their war with another alien race. To do this, the aliens round up children between the ages of 8 and 18 and attach a biomechanical mind control harness to their spines. Forcibly removing it generally kills the child, but midway through the first season, a surgical method is developed that allows a harness to be safely removed, leaving in place the "spikes" that connected the harness to the spinal column. Season five reveals through an Espheni communication device, with which Ben can interact by touching it, due to having the spikes, that a being is superior to the Overlords, known as "the Queen". In the series finale, the Queen explains that the invasion upon which the entire series is based is the result of a prior Espheni attempt to invade Earth, the only habitable planet in this galaxy, thus of immeasurable strategic importance. Her beloved daughter led that invasion, but the Espheni underestimated humanity and the invasion was stopped. The Queen's daughter was killed and eaten, so the Queen swore to wipe out humanity in revenge.


title: Falling Skies

text: The story follows a group of survivors who band together to fight back. They call themselves the "2nd Mass", an allusion to the historical regiment from the Continental Army. The group is led by retired United States Army Colonel Dan Weaver. Boston University history professor Tom Mason is second-in-command and must put his extensive knowledge of military history into practice while searching for his son Ben.


title: Falling Skies

text: At the end of the second season, a new alien race known as the Volm are introduced. Led by a Volm nicknamed Cochise by Tom Mason, the Volm are another species whom the Espheni conquered in their galactic expansion, and who want to destroy the Espheni in revenge. While more Volm forces arrive at the end of the third season, an attack on the Volm across the galaxy causes all but Cochise and a small team of Volm to abandon the Earth. Cochise and his soldiers continue to aid humanity in their war with the Espheni despite the lack of support from their superiors, notably Cochise's father.


title: Falling Skies

text: In season four, a devastating Espheni counterattack relegates humanity to Espheni-controlled ghettos across the planet. Meanwhile, Tom's half-Espheni daughter Alexis continues to grow and develop psychic powers due to her heritage. After the 2nd Mass eventually escapes the ghettos, another attack severely depletes its numbers. Learning of a power core on the Moon that controls all Espheni technology, Tom and Alexis launch an attack on the power core using a captured Espheni spacecraft. Alexis sacrifices herself to destroy the power core and Tom is left lost in space, but the Espheni war machine is left crippled with the loss of their air support and mechanized servants.


title: Falling Skies

text: In season five, Tom is rescued by the Espheni's ancient enemy, the Dornia, who guide him into finding his inner warrior to defeat the Espheni once and for all. Returned to Earth, Tom rallies humanity into a global resistance that will march on major Espheni bases all over the world. Tom leads the militias in the United States in a march on the Espheni base in Washington, DC. With the help of an Espheni communications device, humanity learns that the Espheni serve a previously unknown queen who comes to planets when victory is assured and the Espheni are moving from invasion to occupation. Indeed, while in Washington, Tom spots signs of the Espheni moving in on Earth. Tracking the queen to the ruins of the Lincoln Memorial, Tom confronts her alone, and she informs him of the true reason for the invasion. Tom manages to infect the Espheni Queen with a Dornia bioweapon, killing her, and spreading the bioweapon throughout the Espheni species. The Espheni are destroyed and the Earth is freed. Months later, humanity is united and makes plans to elect a new leader. When Tom is offered the position, he refuses it.


title: Falling Skies

text: Development officially began in 2009, when TNT announced that it had ordered a pilot for an untitled alien invasion project. "Falling Skies" was created by Robert Rodat, who is best known for writing the Oscar-winning film "Saving Private Ryan", which was directed by Steven Spielberg. Rodat wrote the pilot episode from an idea co-conceived by Spielberg. Originally, "Falling Skies" was called "Concord", referencing the battles of Lexington and Concord and Tom Mason's former profession as a history professor. Spielberg then came up with the title "Falling Skies". "I felt that this was a very interesting postapocalyptic story with a 21st-century [spin on the] spirit of '76. I came up — out of the blue one day — with the name "Falling Skies", which is basically what happens to the planet after this invasion. What is unique about this particular series is that the story starts after a successful conquest of the world," he stated.


title: Falling Skies

text: Spielberg was attracted to the project due to its themes of survival. "I've always been interested in how we survive and how resourceful we are as Americans. How would the survivors feed the children? How do they resupply themselves militarily in order to defend and even take back what they have lost?" he added. Like much of Spielberg's work, such as "The Pacific" and "E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial", "Falling Skies"' running theme is family and brotherhood. He explained, "It's a theme I harken back to a lot because it's something I believe in. It's something I have the closest experience with. [Laughs] They say write what you know, and with seven children and three sisters... I tend to always come back to the family as a touchstone for audiences to get into these rather bizarre stories."


title: Falling Skies

text: While writing the pilot, Rodat dedicated a five-page montage to the alien invasion, but decided not to go through with it as it had been done before in films such as "War of the Worlds". "I wrote a few drafts of it and I looked at and say, 'Ay-yay-yay, I've seen this before. There's no emotion to this. It feels like one of those montages,'" he said. Rodat came up with the idea of having the children in the series "harnessed by aliens". "When we were working out the initial stuff, the thing that excited [Spielberg] was the idea that adults are killed if they're a threat, and kids are captured for whatever reason and changed or altered. The harness was a logical outgrowth of that. Then what we'll explore is what the harnessing does to the kid over the course of the show but that also is something that's going to have to unveil itself gradually," he stated. Spielberg previously explored the idea of enslaved children in the 1984 film "Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom".


title: Falling Skies

text: Series lead Noah Wyle emphasized Spielberg's presence on set by stating, "Anytime he gives an anointment to a project, it steps up the pedigree." He continued, "[His] fingerprints are all over this. He shaped the script, cast the pilot, watched all the dailies, made the editing suggestions, worked on the post and on the aliens and spaceships."


title: Falling Skies

text: Colin Cunningham, who plays outlaw John Pope, said, "You'd show up and think, 'This is not a TV show; this is something else that we're doing," noting that Spielberg was very hands-on for the pilot. "Its scope is massive. Anytime you hear the word Spielberg, you know it's not going to be crap; you know it'll be quality and there will be some money behind it." Mark Verheiden, who was the showrunner for the first season, stated, "It's great to know you have a world-class filmmaker backing up what you're trying to do who is supportive and helping design the great stuff."


title: Falling Skies

text: Casting announcements began in June 2009 when Noah Wyle was announced as the lead. Wyle, who worked with TNT on "The Librarian" films, was sent scripts for various shows on their network. He said part of the reason he chose the part was to gain credibility from his children. "With the birth of my kids, I started to really look at my career through their eyes more than my own, so that does dictate choice, steering me toward certain things and away from other things," he said.


title: Falling Skies

text: He also decided to do it as he could relate with his character, stating, "I identified with Tom's devotion to his sons, and admired his sense of social duty." Spielberg wanted Wyle for the role because he knew him from his previous series "ER", which Spielberg's company produced. He had wanted Wyle to appear in his 1998 film "Saving Private Ryan", but Wyle was unavailable due to scheduling conflicts. Spielberg stated that he was determined to work with him again.


title: Falling Skies

text: In July 2009, Moon Bloodgood was cast as Anne Glass, Jessy Schram was cast as Karen Nadler, Seychelle Gabriel was cast as Lourdes, and Maxim Knight was cast as Matt Mason. Bloodgood, the female lead, did not have to audition for the role. She received the script and was offered the role. Bloodgood was drawn to the role because of Spielberg and Rodat's involvement. She stated: "Well certainly when you get handed a script and they tell you it's Bob Rodat and Steven Spielberg, you're immediately drawn to it. It's got your attention. I was a little cautious about wanting to do science fiction again. But it was more of a drama story, more of a family story. I liked that and I wanted to work with Spielberg." Bloodgood added that portraying a doctor excited her. "I liked the idea of playing a doctor and deviating from something I had done already," she said.


title: Falling Skies

text: In August 2009, Drew Roy was cast as Hal Mason, and Peter Shinkoda was cast as Dai. Drew Roy's agent received the script and the pair joked that Roy might get the role. "This one came to me through my agent, just like everything else. We even joked about the fact that it was a Steven Spielberg project. We were like, 'Oh yeah, I might have a chance.' We were just joking." He auditioned four times for the part. "The whole process went on for quite some time, and then towards the end, it was down to me and one other guy, and we were literally waiting for the word from Steven Spielberg 'cause he had to watch the two audition tapes and give the okay. That, in and of itself, had me like, 'Okay, even if I don't get it, that's just cool.' Fortunately, it went my way."


title: Falling Skies

text: The pilot was filmed in 2009 in Oshawa, Ontario, and the rest of the season was shot from July to November of the following year in Hamilton and Toronto.


title: Falling Skies

text: TNT announced production had begun on the second season on October 24, 2011. Filming took place in Vancouver and at the Riverview Hospital in Coquitlam, British Columbia from October 2011 to March 2012.


title: Falling Skies

text: Rodat and Spielberg serve as executive producers on the project. Graham Yost, Justin Falvey, and Darryl Frank are also executive producers. Yost had previously worked with Spielberg on the HBO miniseries "The Pacific". Mark Verheiden is a co-executive producer and the series showrunner. Verheiden had worked as a writer and producer on "Battlestar Galactica". Greg Beeman is also a co-executive producer. Melinda Hsu Taylor is a supervising producer for the series; she previously worked on "Lost". John Ryan is the on-set producer. Remi Aubuchon was hired as the showrunner for the second season in May 2011 before the first-season premiere. Noah Wyle became a producer for the second season.


title: Falling Skies

text: The series premiered on June 19, 2011, and was broadcast on the cable television channel TNT in the United States. It also premiered internationally in more than 75 countries that same year.


title: Falling Skies

text: For the first season, character videos were made available online. The videos explore the main characters of the series.


title: Falling Skies

text: As part of the promotional campaign, a vehicle, with the TNT logo and called "Falling Skies Technical", was released as a free gift in the social networking game "Mafia Wars" on June 14, 2011. Following the second-season premiere on June 17, 2012, a live after-show titled "2nd Watch" hosted by Wil Wheaton premiered. The series airs after encore presentations of "Falling Skies" on TNT's official site. Wheaton discusses the latest episode with actors and producers of the series.


title: Falling Skies

text: The first season was released on DVD and Blu-ray on June 5, 2012, in North America, on July 2, 2012, in the United Kingdom and on August 29, 2012, in Australia, and on DVD only in South Africa on August 27, 2012. In addition to all the episodes of the first season, extras include an extended version of the pilot episode, audio commentary on the pilot episode, a season-two preview, the 2011 San Diego Comic-Con International panel, deleted scenes, character profiles, international promos, behind-the-scenes featurettes including the "Making of Skitter", "Harness Makeup Tips", and "Director One on One". A collectible trading card was released exclusively to Blu-ray.


title: Falling Skies

text: In September 2010, Dark Horse Comics, in partnership with DreamWorks Television and TNT, released the first issue in a four-part digital comic online limited series entitled "Falling Skies". Written by Paul Tobin with art by Juan Ferreyra, the series details events taking place before the first season of the television show, but after the alien invasion and victory. These issues were later compiled into a single trade paperback volume entitled "Falling Skies Volume 1", which was released in June 2011. On June 15, 2011, Dark Horse announced that due to higher-than-anticipated orders, the graphic novel had completely sold out. It remained in publication .


title: Falling Skies

text: In April 2012, Dark Horse began releasing a second eight-issue limited series entitled "Falling Skies: The Battle of Fitchburg", with Paul Tobin returning as writer and Juan Ferreyra returning as series artist. The digital comic was made available through both Dark Horse Comics and TNT via their respective websites. The story takes place chronologically between the first and second seasons of the television show and details a costly engagement occurring between the skitters and the 2nd Massachusetts Militia Regiment when the aliens surround the human forces at Fitchburg, Massachusetts. While not vital to the story of the television series, TNT and Dark Horse have stated that "Falling Skies: The Battle of Fitchburg" provides insight into the events leading up to the second season, and elaborates on how the characters got to where they are when the new season opens. As a companion to the comic, TNT released an audio series featuring the character John Pope, offering additional insight into the events detailed in the comic series.


title: Falling Skies

text: "Falling Skies: The Game" was developed by Torus Games and published by Little Orbit as a turn-based tactical video game inspired by "" and it was released for the PlayStation 3, Xbox 360, PC, and the Wii U via the Nintendo eShop on September 30, 2014.


title: Falling Skies

text: The game received mostly poor to negative reviews across all platforms due to slow gameplay, poor balancing in its mechanics, uninspired characters, and a weak story.


title: Falling Skies

text: For the first season, the series had a mostly positive reception. Tim Goodman of "The Hollywood Reporter" wrote "...the entertainment value and suspense of "Falling Skies" is paced just right. You get the sense that we'll get those answers eventually. And yet, you want to devour the next episode immediately." Thomas Conner of the "Chicago Sun-Times" called it "...a trustworthy family drama but with aliens". He continued, "It's '"Jericho"' meets '"V"', with the good from both and the bad discarded. It'll raise the summer-TV bar significantly." Ken Tucker from "Entertainment Weekly" gave the series a B+ and wrote that a "gradually developed, but decisive conviction makes "Falling Skies" an engaging, if derivative, chunk of dystopian sci-fi". He continued, "..."Falling Skies" rises above any one performance; it's the spectacle of humans versus aliens that draws you in." In the "Boston Herald", Mark A. Perigard gave the series a B grade, writing, "Don't look now, but "Falling Skies" could be a summer obsession." Brian Lowry from "Variety" gave the series a mixed review, stating that he enjoyed the action sequences, but that "the soapier elements mostly fall flat" and called the series "painfully old-fashioned".


title: Falling Skies

text: The second season had positive reviews. Some critics praised it as being stronger than the first season. Maureen Ryan of "The Huffington Post" compared the second season to the first by saying, "Season 2 is a different animal, a much leaner and meaner machine that allows sentiment to be present but unexpressed and depicts a darker world in which innocence is a luxury that no one can truly afford." Chuck Barney declared, "Sunday's explosive two-hour opener boldly delivers on the promise by TNT producers to rev up both the pace and the firepower in Season 2." "Screen Rant's" Anthony Ocasio lauded the season premiere. "While further episodes will reveal more, the type of character development, intriguing storylines and exciting action that will be contained in "Falling Skies" season 2, there's no doubt that TNT's hit drama will likely become an epic adventure, spanning many seasons," he said.


title: Falling Skies

text: The two-hour premiere of "Falling Skies" was watched by 5.9 million viewers, making it cable television's biggest series launch of the year, with more than 2.6 million adults 18–49 and 3.2 million adults 25–54. The eighth episode was watched by 4.31 million viewers and scored a 1.5 ratings share among adults 18–49 and "Falling Skies" became TNT's highest-rated series in target demos. The first-season finale had 5.6 million viewers, the highest-rated episode since the series premiere, with 2.5 million viewers in the 18–49 demographic. The first season tied with the FX series "American Horror Story" as the biggest new cable series of the year among adults 18–49. In the UK, it premiered on nonterrestrial channel FX, with 402,000 viewers.


title: Lori Lively

text: Lori Lynn Lively is an American actress, television co-host/designer, and acting coach. Best known for "Dead Space" (1991).


title: Lori Lively

text: Lively was born into a family of actors. Her mother, adoptive father and all four siblings are, or have been, in the entertainment industry. She is the daughter of talent manager Elaine Lively ("née" McAlpin) and Elaine's first husband Ronnie Lively (Ronald Otis Lively). Her siblings are brother Jason, sister Robyn, half-sister Blake, and half-brother Eric.


title: NBA G League Ignite

text: The NBA G League Ignite is a developmental basketball team in the NBA G League. Based in Henderson, Nevada, the team was designed to play exhibition games outside the G League's traditional scheduling as part of a one-year development program for elite National Basketball Association (NBA) prospects. Its roster is made up of both prospects and veteran players. Ignite was created on April 16, 2020, and is touted as an alternative to college basketball, offering prospects salaries of up to $500,000.


title: NBA G League Ignite

text: The NBA G League has been an avenue for high school, college and international prospects to be drafted into the NBA since 2008. On October 18, 2018, the G League introduced Select Contracts of $125,000 for elite prospects, including opportunities for basketball development, life skills, mentorship, and academic scholarships starting from the 2019–20 season. However, no players in the 2019 high school class signed a Select Contract.


title: NBA G League Ignite

text: On April 16, 2020, the G League announced a raised salary for elite prospects and a one-year development program outside of its traditional team structure. The prospects would play alongside veteran players on a select team that would take part in training and 10 to 12 exhibition games against other G League teams, foreign national teams, and NBA academies. Players earn financial incentives for playing games, participating in community events, and attending life skills programs coordinated by the G League. They also receive a full scholarship to Arizona State University, which has partnered with the NBA.


title: NBA G League Ignite

text: On the same day that the G League's new development program was announced, Jalen Green, the highest ranked player in the 2020 high school class according to ESPN, became the first player to join the NBA G League Ignite, earning $500,000. The G League subsequently drew attention as an alternative to college basketball, with some media outlets speculating that Green's decision would threaten the National Collegiate Athletic Association. Green was soon joined on the team by fellow five-star recruits Isaiah Todd and Daishen Nix, both former college commits, as well as Kai Sotto of the Philippines. On June 9, 2020, former NBA player and coach Brian Shaw was named head coach of the Ignite. On July 16, Jonathan Kuminga, the highest ranked player in the 2021 high school class, reclassified to the 2020 class and signed with the Ignite. The name of the team, previously referred to as the G League Select Team, was announced as the NBA G League Ignite on September 2. On November 12, the Ignite signed veteran players Brandon Ashley, Bobby Brown, Cody Demps, Reggie Hearn, and Amir Johnson to play alongside and mentor the team's prospects. On January 14, 2021, the Ignite signed Donta Hall and Jarrett Jack.


title: NBA G League Ignite

text: The Ignite joined the 2020–21 season playing a full 15-game schedule in the single-site bubble tournament in Orlando, Florida, with 11 teams opting not to participate. In their first season, they put up an 8-7 record and entered the G League Playoffs in their first season, but they lost in the quarterfinal round to the Raptors 905.


title: NBA G League Ignite

text: In the Ignite's second season, they were only allowed to play in the Winter Showcase, an early-season tournament that allowed them and the Capitanes de Ciudad de México an opportunity to compete with other G League teams due to the reeling effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. This season was primarily led by new prospects Dyson Daniels from Australia, former Yakima Valley College student MarJon Beauchamp, and 5-star recruit Jaden Hardy. In the 12 games they were allowed to play in, the Ignite held a 6-6 record, which gave them a 4th place finish in the West Division but did not give them qualifications to compete any further in the Winter Showcase.


title: NBA G League Ignite

text: For their third season, the Ignite will move from Walnut Creek, California to the Las Vegas Valley to begin playing their home games at the Dollar Loan Center in Henderson, Nevada.


title: Death of James Dean

text: Hollywood actor James Dean was killed at age 24 in an auto accident on September 30, 1955, near Cholame, California. He had previously competed in several auto racing events, and was traveling to a sports car racing competition when he was involved in a car crash at the junction of California State Route 46 (former U.S. Route 466) and California State Route 41.


title: Death of James Dean

text: In April 1954, after securing the co-starring role of Cal Trask in "East of Eden," James Dean purchased a 1955 Triumph Tiger T110 650 cc motorcycle and, later, a used red 1953 MG TD sports car. In March 1955, Dean traded the MG for a new 1955 Porsche Speedster purchased from Competition Motors in Hollywood, California. He traded the Triumph T110 for a 1955 Triumph TR5 Trophy three days after filming wrapped on "East of Eden". Just before filming began on "Rebel Without a Cause", Dean competed in the Palm Springs Road Races with the Speedster on March 26–27. He finished first overall in Saturday's novice class, and second overall in the Sunday main event. Dean also raced the Speedster at Bakersfield on May 1–2, finishing first in class and third overall. His final race with the Speedster was at Santa Barbara on Memorial Day, May 30, where he started in the eighteenth position, working his way up to fourth before over-revving his engine and blowing a piston. He did not finish the race.


title: Death of James Dean

text: During the filming of "Giant" from June through mid-September, Warner Brothers had barred Dean from all racing activities. In July, Dean put down a deposit on a new Lotus Mark IX sports racer with Jay Chamberlain, a dealer in Burbank. Dean was told that the Lotus delivery would be delayed until autumn. On September 21, as Dean was finishing "Giant", he suddenly traded in his Speedster at Competition Motors for a new, more powerful and faster 1955 Porsche 550 Spyder and entered the upcoming Salinas Road Race event scheduled for October 1–2. He also purchased a new 1955 Ford Country Squire station wagon to use for towing the "Little Bastard" to and from the races on an open wheel car trailer.


title: Death of James Dean

text: According to Lee Raskin, Porsche historian and author of "James Dean: At Speed", Dean asked custom car painter and pinstriper Dean Jeffries to paint "Little Bastard" on the car:


title: Death of James Dean

text: Dean Jeffries, who had a paint shop next to [George] Barris, did the customizing work which consisted of: painting '130' in black non-permanent paint on the front hood, doors and rear deck lid. He also painted "Little Bastard" in script across the rear cowling. The red leather bucket seats and red tail stripes were original. The tail stripes were painted by the Stuttgart factory, which was customary on the Spyders for racing ID.


title: Death of James Dean

text: Purportedly, Dean had been given the nickname "Little Bastard" by Bill Hickman, a Warner Bros. stunt driver whom Dean befriended. Hickman was part of Dean's group driving to the Salinas Road Races on September 30, 1955. Hickman says he called Dean "little bastard", and Dean called Hickman "big bastard". Another version of the "Little Bastard" origin – corroborated by two of Dean's close friends, Phil Stern and Lew Bracker – is that Warner Bros. president Jack L. Warner had once referred to Dean as a little bastard after he refused to vacate his temporary "East of Eden" trailer on the studio's lot. And Dean wanted to get "even" with Warner by naming his race car "Little Bastard" and defiantly show that despite the racing ban during all filming, he would be racing the "Little Bastard" in between projects.


title: Death of James Dean

text: On September 30, 1955, Dean and his Porsche factory-trained mechanic, Rolf Wütherich, were at Competition Motors in Hollywood preparing the "Little Bastard" for the weekend sports car races at Salinas. Dean originally intended to tow the Porsche behind his 1955 Ford Country Squire station wagon, driven by Hickman and accompanied by professional photographer Sanford H. Roth, who was planning a photo story of Dean at the races for "Collier's" magazine. Because the Spyder did not have enough "break-in" miles prior to the race, Wütherich recommended that Dean drive it to Salinas to get more "seat time" behind the wheel. The group had coffee and donuts at the Hollywood Ranch Market on Vine Street across from Competition Motors before leaving around 1:15 p.m. PST. They stopped for gas at a Mobil station on Ventura Boulevard at Beverly Glen Boulevard in Sherman Oaks around 2:00 pm. The group then headed north on the Golden State Highway (U.S. Route 99, now part of Interstate 5) and then over the "Grapevine" toward Bakersfield.


title: Death of James Dean

text: At 3:30 pm, Dean was stopped by California Highway Patrolman Otie V. Hunter at Mettler Station, south of Bakersfield, for driving in a zone. Hickman, following the Spyder in the Ford Country Squire with the trailer, was also ticketed for driving over the limit, as the speed limit for all vehicles towing a trailer was . After receiving the citations, Dean and Hickman headed west onto SR 166/33 to avoid going through Bakersfield's slow downtown district. SR 166/33 was a known short-cut for sports car drivers going to Salinas, called "the racer's road", which took them directly to Blackwells Corner at U.S. Route 466 (later SR 46). Dean author and expert Warren Beath disagrees, citing Rolf Wuetherich's inquest deposition, wherein he specifically states they went through Bakersfield and turned left on 466. O. V. Hunter, in his testimony, says Dean continued on to Bakersfield. Beath, who lives in Bakersfield, points out that Highway 99 does not go through downtown Bakersfield but skirts the city on the east side. At Blackwells Corner, Dean stopped briefly for refreshments and met up with fellow racers Lance Reventlow and Bruce Kessler, who were also on their way to Salinas in Reventlow's Mercedes-Benz 300 SL coupe. As Reventlow and Kessler were leaving, they all agreed to meet for dinner in Paso Robles.